Micro EX 1: Microbiology Flashcards
(70 cards)
0
Q
Study of bacteria
A
Bacteriology
1
Q
The study of microorganisms, includes bacteria, fungi, viruses and pathogenic Protozoa, and the diseases they cause
A
Microbiology
2
Q
Examples of bacteriology
A
E. Coli, staph, strep, salmonella
3
Q
Study of fungi
A
Mycology
4
Q
Examples of mycology
A
Yeast, ring worms and mushrooms
5
Q
Study of viruses
A
Virology
6
Q
Examples of virology
A
HIV, Colds, Rhinovirus and influenza
7
Q
Study of parasites
A
Parasitology
8
Q
Examples of parasitology
A
Worms and protozoans
9
Q
Study of protozoans
A
Protozology
10
Q
Examples of protozology
A
Paramecium, amoeba, plasmodium
11
Q
Study of parasitic worms
A
Helminthology
12
Q
Examples of helminthology
A
Flukes, tapeworms, and hookworms
13
Q
Scientific naming system is called
A
Binomial nomenclature
14
Q
What kingdom?
- eukaryotes
- multicellular
- photosynthetic usually
- cell wall made of cellulose
A
Plantae
15
Q
What kingdom?
- eukaryotes (true nucleus)
- multicellular
- ingest food usually
- no cell wall
A
Animalia
16
Q
What kingdom?
- eukaryotes
- unicellular of multicellular
- saprophytic usually
- cell wall usually chitin
A
Fungi
17
Q
What kingdom?
- eukaryotes
- unicellular or multicellular
- ingest food (protozoans) or photosynthetic (algae other than blue green)
- cell wall in algae usually cellulose & protozoans have no cell wall
A
Protista “junk drawer”
18
Q
What kingdom?
- prokaryotes
- unicellular
- saprophytes or photosynthetic usually
- cell wall normally peptidoglycan
A
Monera (eubacteria & archae)
19
Q
Examples of monera (eubacteria & archae)
A
Bacteria, blue-green algae=Cyanobacteria
20
Q
Examples of kingdom Protista
A
Paramecium, amoeba, kelp, sargassum, euglena, diatoms
21
Q
Examples of kingdom fungi
A
Mushrooms, yeast, ringworm, penicillium
22
Q
Examples of kingdom animalia
A
Parasitic worms, flies, mosquitoes, ticks people
23
Q
Example of kingdom plantae
A
All flowering plants, mosses, ferns
24
What kingdoms are eukaryotes?
Protista, fungi, animalia, plantae
25
What kingdoms are prokaryotes?
Monera (Archaebacteria & Eubacteria)
26
Kingdom Monera is now split into the:
Eubacteria & archaebacteria
27
In binomial nomenclature the genus is ________ & the whole name is ___________ or _____________
Capitalized; italicized or underlined
28
The species we belong to is:
Homo sapiens
29
The species names is always the___________ (specific epithet or trivial name)
Genus name
30
What is the purpose of the scientific naming system
Cuts down on confusion
31
Gram + is what stain color?
Purple
32
Gram - is what stain color?
Pink
33
Who is the father of epidemiology?
Jonathan Snow
34
What is this person famous for?
| Felix d'Herrelle
Bacteriophages (virus kills bacteria)
35
What is this person famous for?
| Hans Christian Gram
Gram staining
36
What is this person famous for?
| Florence Nightingale
Nurse made sure everything was clean and disinfected; lady with the lamp
37
What is this person famous for?
| Jonathan Snow
Father of epidemiology; discovered Cholara:cause by major dehydration and diarrhea
38
What is this person famous for?
| Ignaz Semmelweiss
Hand washing before surgery
39
What is this person famous for?
| Alexander Fleming
Discovered Penicillium
40
What is this person famous for?
| Edward Jenner
Vaccinations of smallpox from cowpox
41
What is this person famous for?
| Robert Koch
Systematic methods of sampling infections and diseases to see what caused them
42
2 bacterial that caused disease discovered by Koch
Tuberculosis(TB)
| Anthrax
43
Tuberculosis was caused by what?
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
44
Anthrax was caused by what?
Bacillus anthracis
45
What is this person famous for?
| Joseph Lister
Disinfectant (phenol/carbonic acid)
| "Antiseptic surgery"
46
What is this person famous for?
| Louis Pasteur
Pasteurization
47
What is this person famous for?
| Rudolph Virchow
Father of pathology
| "Cell theory"
48
What is this person famous for?
| Lazaro Spallanzani
Spontaneous generation while heating broth
49
What is this person famous for?
| Francesco Redi
Spontaneous generation observing raw meat
50
What is this person famous for?
| Anthony van Leewenhoek
Father of microscopy; linen merchant
51
What is this person famous for?
| Robert Hook
Made 1st microscope; monasteries=cells(empty spaces)
52
Define biogenesis
Life doesn't just appear it comes from a preexisting life
53
Define spontaneous generation
Life just appears
| Ex: strawberries then strawberries covered in mold (mold spores in the air)
54
Define abiogenesis
Similar to spontaneous generation
55
Parasitology splits into 2 types called
Protozology and helminthology
56
Koch's postulates:
1. Agent must be present in all cases of diseases
2. Agent isolated from someone with disease & grown in pure culture
3. Inoculation into a susceptible organism of the agent-from a pure culture-must produce the disease
4. Agent must be recovered from the infected inoculated organism & grown again in culture
57
Define pasteurization
Partial sterilization of a substance to a certain temperature to kill of bacteria
58
Define immunity
Protection from a disease
59
Define Cholara.
Major dehydration & excessive diarrhea
59
Who discovered Cholara?
Jonathan Snow
61
3 kingdom classification system
Plantae, animalia & Protista
62
5 kingdom classification system
Monera, Protista, fungi, animalia & Plantae
63
Define saprophytes
Releases enzymes into environment then absorb building blocks
64
Define pathogen
Agent that causes diseases
65
Define normal flora
"Old term" microbes that live on us or in us normally; normally don't cause problems but can.
66
Examples of normal flora causing problems
E. Coli in the urinary system instead of the colon.
67
Prokaryotes vs eukaryotes
Prokaryotes: no true nucleus-Monera(eubacteria/archaebacteria)
Eukaryotes: true nucleus-Plantae, Animalia, Protista, Fungi
68
Which kingdoms have cell walls? And name the cell walls.
Plantae: cellulose; fungi: chitin; Protista: (algae-cellulose) protozoans no cell wall; monera: peptidoglycan
69
Give examples of each kingdoms.
Plantae: flowering plants, mosses & ferns; Fungi: penicillin, mushrooms & ringworms; Animalia: ticks, mosquitoes & people; Monera: bacteria & Cyanobacteria; Protista: paramecium, amoeba, sargassum, euglena, diatoms & algae
