1
Q
What are the 5 steps in proliferation?
A
- Adsorption
- Penetration/engulfment
- Uncoating
- Replication
- Assembly/Release
2
Q
Non-enveloped viruses are _________
A
naked
3
Q
Are naked or enveloped viruses more stable?
A
naked
4
Q
Naked viruses can be transmitted ___________
A
Fecal-oral
5
Q
Enveloped viruses can be transmitted in what 3 routes?
A
Respiratory (droplet), Sexual, Parenteral
6
Q
Where do DNA viruses replicate?
A
nucleus
7
Q
Where does +ssRNA, -ssRNA, and dsRNA viruses replicate?
A
Cytoplasm
8
Q
Where do retroviruses replicate?
A
nucleus and cytoplasm
9
Q
Which RNA virus requires RDRP and does not carry it?
A
+ssRNA
10
Q
Which RNA virus requires RDDP?
A
Retrovirus
11
Q
Only significant ssDNA pathogen
A
Parvo virus
12
Q
5th disease is caused by _________
A
Parvovirus
13
Q
Smallest DNA virus
A
Parvovirus
14
Q
Is parvovirus enveloped?
A
no, naked
15
Q
What are the 3 dsDNA non-enveloped viruses groups?
A
Adenovirus, Papillomavirus, Polyomavirinae
16
Q
What serotypes of adenovirus cause EKC?
A
8, 19 and 37
17
Q
What serotypes of adenovirus cause PCF?
A
3 and 7
18
Q
PCF vs. EKC
A
PCF - usually alongside concurrent or recent URTI, lower incidence of cornea involvement, more common in children
EKC - corneal involvement common, highly contagious, no systemic illness shown
19
Q
What is quickvue with adenoplus?
A
Antigen detection kit for suspected adenoviral conjunctivitis esp. EKC serotypes
20
Q
Papillomavirus shows a strong preference for __________ and __________ cells
A
Epithelial and mucosal
21
Q
What diseases are caused by Papillomavirus?
A
Warts, Mucosal malignancies and infections (SCC and CC)
22
Q
How can papillomavirus be prevented?
A
Vaccination
- ceravix (6 and 19)
- gardasil and gardasil 9 (6 and 18 + others)
23
Q
Papillomavirus sequellae
A
Uveitis, Papillitis, MEWDS
24
Q
Polyomaviridae’s viruses?
A
JC virus, BKV
25
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is caused by?
JCV
26
BKV can cause what issues?
Hemorrhagic cystitis, Nephropathy in transplant patients
27
All polyomavirinae have the capacity to do what?
Produce tumors
28
Enveloped dsDNA viruses
Herpes, Pox, Hepadna
29
Three herpes groups
Alpha - HSV1, HSV2, VZV
Beta - CMV, HHV6, HHV7
Gamma - EBV, HHV8
30
Poxviridiae are what type of viruses?
DsDNA, Enveloped, PLEOMORPHIC
31
Where do poxviruses replicate?
Cytoplasm - unusual for DNA viruses
32
Hepatitis B is what type of virus?
DsDNA enveloped
33
Resolved hep B infection serology
HBS and HBC antibodies
## Footnote
No antigen
34
Chronic hep B infection serology
HBC antibodies
## Footnote
HBS and HBe antigens
35
Vaccinated Hep B serology
HBS antibodies
## Footnote
No antigen
36
Incubation period for Hepatitis B
4-120 days
37
What individuals are most likely to be a carrier of Hep B?
Infants and young children
38
How does age impact likelihood of chronicity with Hepatitis B infection?
The younger the individual, the higher risk of chronic infection
39
Complications/sequellae of Hepatitis B
Hepatocellular carcinoma, Cirrhosis
40
-ssRNA are _______ viruses
Enveloped
41
Where do -ssRNA viruses replicate?
Cytoplasm EXCEPT orthomyxovirus/flu
42
Do -ssRNA contain RDRP?
Yes
43
Minor change =
Minor change = antigenic drift
44
Major change =
Major change = antigenic shift
45
Rhaboviridae
rabies
46
If s/s start with rabies are you like the 2025 Atlanta braves (Cooked)?
Yes
47
If exposed to rabies, what treatment is needed?
PEP
48
What populations should be vaccinated for Rabies?
High-risk populations
49
What 3 viruses are in the MMR vaccine?
Measles, Mumps, Rubella
50
Paramyoxoviridae
Mumps, Measles, RSV, Parainfluenza
51
Paramyxoviridae are what type of viruses?
-ssRNA enveloped
52
Concerns with mumps
Dacryoadenitis, Orchitis
## Footnote
May need 3rd dose of vaccine
53
Ocular signs of measles
Uveitis, Optic neuritis, Chorioretinitis
54
What is the oral sign of measles?
Koplik spots
55
What is the major respiratory pathogen of kids?
RSV
56
Orthomyxovirus are what type of virus?
-ssRNA enveloped
57
Where does orthomyxovirus replicate?
nucleus
58
Prediction challenges with the flu vaccine
Mismatch issues, Virility of pathogen
59
Filioviridae are what type of virus?
-ssRNA enveloped
60
Filioviridae pathogens
Ebola, Marburg
61
Ebola fatality rate
50%
62
Incubation period of Ebola
2-21 days
63
Common ocular sign with ebola virus
Conjunctivitis
64
Common post infection ocular symptom with Ebola
Uveitis
65
Bunyaviridae are what type of virus?
-ssRNA enveloped
66
Hanta virus reservoir
rodents
67
Heartland virus transmission
Tick-borne
68
Naked +ssRNA families
Picornaviruses, Calciviridae
69
Picornaviridae
Enterovirus, Rhinovirus, Hep A, Polio
70
All Enteroviruses can cause
Acute aseptic meningitis
71
Enterovirus transmission
fecal-oral
72
Enterovirus 68 can cause conjunctivitis with ___________
Meningitis
73
Coxsackievirus incubation period
2-9 days
74
Entero 70 and Coxsackievirus A24
Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis
## Footnote
With subconj heme
75
Is there a vaccine for Hep A?
Yes
76
Hep A is commonly associated with what?
Shellfish
77
Is hepatitis A acute or chronic?
acute only
78
Rhinovirus causes what?
common cold
79
2 pathogens of calciviridae
Norovirus, Hep E
80
Norovirus causes ____________
acute gastroenteritis
81
Hep E is _________ borne
Fecal-oral WATER
82
Is there a vaccine for Hep E?
no vaccine
83
Is Hep E acute or chronic?
acute
84
Togaviridae are (ss/ds) (DNA/RNA), (pos/neg) sense, and (nonenveloped/enveloped)
ssRNA, positive sense, enveloped
85
Togaviridae pathogens
Alpha viruses (chikungunya), Rubivirus (rubella)
86
Maternal infection of rubivirus in first trimester can lead to what triad of symptoms in child?
Cataract, Heart defects, Deafness
87
Chikungunya is transmitted by
By Aedes mosquitoes.
88
How does prevalence of conjunctivitis compare between Zika and chikungunya?
More conjunctivitis in Zika
89
Flaviviridae are what type of virus?
+ssRNA enveloped
90
Flaviviridae pathogens
Yellow fever, Dengue fever, West Nile virus, Zika, Encephalitis, Hep C
91
Yellow fever can cause a recurrent illness that impacts what?
Liver, Kidney, Heart
92
WNV outbreak is often linked to + findings in what animal?
Birds
93
TBE is carried by ?
Ixodes tick
94
How long can Zika virus persist in males and be transmitted?
6 months
95
How long can Zika Virus persist in Females and be transmitted?
6 weeks
96
What % of those impacted with Hep C will have a chronic infection?
85%
97
Someone infected with Hepatitis C may develop what issues?
Cirrhosis, Liver failure, Hepatocellular carcinoma
98
Hepatitis C shows a high incidence in what subset of individuals?
Baby Boomers
99
Is there a vaccine for Hepatitis C?
no vaccine
100
Coronaviridae family
SARS and MERS
101
What is special about the coronaviridae structure?
Spikey/pleomorphic
102
dsRNA viruses
Reoviruses (rotavirus)
103
What individuals are at highest risk of being infected with Rotavirus?
Children, especially in daycares
104
Hepatitis A is what type of virus?
+ssRNA naked
105
Entero 72 is also what
Hepatitis A
106
Is there a vaccine for hep A?
Yes
107
Is there a vaccine for hep B?
Yes
108
Hepatitis C is what type of virus?
+ssRNA enveloped
109
Is there a vaccine for Hep C?
nope
110
Hepatitis E is what type of virus?
+ssRNA naked
111
What types of hepatitis have vaccines?
Hep A and Hep B
112
What types of Hepatitis are chronic?
Hep B and C
113
What types of Hepatitis are acute only?
Hep A and Hep E
114
How are hep A and hep E viruses transmitted?
Fecal-oral route transmission (contaminated food/drink)
115
Retroviruses are _____ rna
+ssRNA
116
Retroviruses replicate where?
Nucleus and cytoplasm partially
117
Retrovirus pathogens
HIV, HTLV-1 (adult t-cell leukemia), HTLV-2 (hairy-cell)
118
What are the 3 treatment option categories for HIV?
Pre-exposure, Post-exposure, HAART
119
How can HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 be treated?
Chemotherapy
120
Prions are _______________
infectious proteins
121
Prions cause what disease?
spongiform encephalopathies
## Footnote
- mad cow
- vCJD
- CJD
Block 09
flashcards
Decks in class (33)
# Cards
-
Epi: Introduction126
-
Mono: Photometry And Radiometry79
-
Pharm: Introduction14
-
Pharm: Pharmodynamics93
-
Mono: Lightness36
-
Mono: Sources and Filters46
-
Epi: Transmission Of Disease90
-
Pharm: Pharmacokinetics 192
-
Pharm: Pharmacokinetics 255
-
Mono: Duplex Retina86
-
Micro: Introduction To Viruses74
-
Micro: dsDNA Viruses134
-
Micro: HepaDNAvirus25
-
Micro: ssDNA viral pathogens14
-
Micro: (+)ssRNA enveloped viruses136
-
Epi: Disease Occurence77
-
pharm: pharmacokinetics 343
-
pharm: pharmacokinetics 461
-
pharm: pharmacokinetics 556
-
micro: naked (+) ssRNA viruses43
-
mono: spatial resolution and summation59
-
mono: spatial vision75
-
mono: clinical implications to CSF39
-
mono: temporal vision59
-
pharm: pharmacogenomics36
-
micro: -ssRNA and -dsRNA viruses122
-
micro: retroviruses and prions36
-
epi: ocular and systemic disease and disorders148
-
Micro: Virus review121
-
Mono: Motion Perception80
-
Mono: Depth Perception51
-
Epi: Epidemiology In Appalachia18
-
Micro: Flora96
