Microscopic Technique

Question 1

Recommended volume for urine sediment preparation

Answer 1

12 mL

Question 2

Centrifuge force of urine sediment preparation

Answer 2

400 RCF for 5 minutes

Question 3

Remaining urine decant volume should be at

Answer 3

0.5 to 1.0 mL

Question 4

Sediment volume when transferring to glass slide

Answer 4

20 uL or 0.02 mL

Question 5

Glass slide coverslip measurement

Answer 5

22 x 22 mm

Question 6

If < 12 mL urine is available for microscopy centrifuge

Answer 6

3 mL of it

Question 7

If <3 mL urine is available, examine the urine by

Answer 7

without centrifugation

Question 8

RCF formula

Answer 8

1.118 x 10^-5 x radius in centimeters x RPM^2

Question 9

Quantitative measure of formed elements of urine using

Answer 9

Hemacytometer

Question 10

Normal values of Addis count RBC

Answer 10

0-500,000/12 hr urine

Question 11

Normal values of WBCs and ECs Addis count

Answer 11

0-1,800,000/ 12 hr urine

Question 12

Normal values: Hyaline casts addison count

Answer 12

0-5,000/12 hr urine

Question 13

Located in the objective and is adjusted to be near the specimen

Answer 13

First lens system

Question 14

Located in the eyepiece (ocular lens)

Answer 14

Second lens system

Question 15

Ability to distinguish 2 small objects that are a specific distance apart

Answer 15

Resolution

Question 16

Microscopes requiring minimum adjustment when switching objectives

Answer 16

Parfocal

Question 17

Used to remove dust on the optical surface of the microscope

Answer 17

Camel hair brush

Question 18

Used to clean the optical surfaces of the microscope

Answer 18

Lens paper

Question 19

Used to clean any contaminated lens

Answer 19

Commercial lens cleaner

Question 20

To remove oil on lens

Answer 20

use dry lens paper > lens paper moistened w/ lens cleaner

Question 21

Consists of a base, body tube, and nosepiece

Answer 21

Body

Question 22

Performs initial focusing used for LPO and SO

Answer 22

Coarse adjustment Knob

Moves stage noticeably up and down, bringing slide into view (vertical movement)

Question 23

Focuses and controls the light on the specimen

Answer 23

Condenser

Aperture diaphragm controls the amount and angle of light

Question 24

Centers the field of view

Answer 24

Condenser Centering Screws

Question 25

Adjust size opening of condenser

Answer 25

Condenser control ring

Question 26

Moves condenser up and down to focus light on the object

Answer 26

Condenser Focus Knob

Question 27

Rotate to adjust for interpupillary distance

Answer 27

Oculars (eyepiece) ## Footnote Further magnifies image 10x (secondary magnification)

Question 28

Controls the diameter of the light beam reaching the slide

Answer 28

Field Diaphragm

Question 29

Adjusts size opening of field diaphragm

Answer 29

Field Diaphragm control ring

Question 30

Sharpens the image (used of HPO and OIO)

Answer 30

Fine adjustment knob

Question 31

Adjusts distance between oculars horizontally

Answer 31

Interpupillary Distance Control

Question 32

Lenses which form primary (initial) image of specimen

Answer 32

Objectives

Question 33

Use to rotate objectives

Answer 33

Revolving nosepiece

Question 34

Regulate intensity of light

Answer 34

Rheostat

Question 35

Holds slide in place

Answer 35

Slide holder

Question 36

Holds specimen

Answer 36

Stage

Question 37

Loosen to remove stage

Answer 37

Stage clamp screw

Question 38

Moves slide on stage

Answer 38

Mechanical stage knobs

Question 39

Correct sequence of lenses when light is passing through the microscope starting from the source

Answer 39

Light source > Condenser > Stage > Objectives > Oculars ## Footnote Diaphragm > Condenser > Objective > Ocular

Question 40

Microscope for routine urinalysis

Answer 40

Bright Field Microscopy

Question 41

Enhances visualization of translucent elements (low refractive indices; casts)

Answer 41

Phase Contrast Microscopy

Question 42

To convert Bright-field to Phase contrast what should be done?

Answer 42

replace objective lens and condenser with PC objective lens and PC condenser

Question 43

Detects presence or absence of bifringence

Answer 43

Polarizing microscope ## Footnote Useful for identification of cholesterol in oval fat bodies, fatty casts, and crystals

Question 44

To convert bright-field to polarizing, what should be done?

Answer 44

Add 2 filters; 1 below the condenser and 1 between objectives and oculars

Question 45

Microscope for identifying Treponema pallidum

Answer 45

Dark field microscope

Question 46

To convert Bright Field to Dark field, what should be done?

Answer 46

replace the condenser with a DF condenser that contains an opaque disk

Question 47

Microscope for visualization of fluorescent substances and microorganisms

Answer 47

Fluorescence Microscopy

Question 48

3D microscopy image and layer by layer imaging of a specimen

Answer 48

Interference-contrast microscopy

Question 49

Differential interference contrast

Answer 49

Normarski

Question 50

Modulation contrast microscope

Answer 50

Hoffman

Question 51

Specimen for Addis count

Answer 51

12 hr urine

Question 52

Preservative for addis count

Answer 52

Formalin