Midterm 2 (Virus specific) Flashcards by Henriette Wisnes

African Swine Fever leads to abortion regardless of the virulence of the infecting virus

True

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Wild boars may carry African Swine Fever virus as chronically infected animals

True

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The main tool against African Swine Fever is vaccination

False

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Virulent strains of African Swine Fever virus cause an acute disease in domestic pigs

True

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African Swine Fever virus infects every cloven-hoofed animal

False

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Acute African Swine Fever is characterized by haemorrhages

True

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African Swine Fever does not occur in Europe

False

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Vaccination is used for prevention of African Swine Fever

False

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African Swine Fever cause skin lesions in swine

True

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African Swine Fever is caused by arbovirus

True

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Vaccines may be used for the control of African Swine Fever

False

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African Swine Fever is endemic in Central Europe

False

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African Swine Fever virus infects pigs and ruminants

False

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African Swine Fever virus can replicate in certain ticks

True

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African Swine Fever is caused by any arbovirus

False

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African Swine Fever is a notifiable disease

True

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Virus neutralization is the most important tool for African Swine Fever diagnosis

False

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Pregnant sows abort in case of African Swine Fever disease cases

True

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The chronic form of African Swine Fever is similar to other immune complex disorders

True

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African Swine Fever infection of humans leads to cold like symptoms

False

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African Swine Fever virus may cause chronic infections in pigs

True

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African Swine Fever may cause a chronic disease in wild boars

True

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African Swine Fever virus infects pigs and ruminants

False

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African Swine Fever virus can replicate in certain soft ticks

True

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African Swine Fever may cause a chronic disease in wild boars

True

The clinical picture of chronic African Swine Fever is similar to dermatitis Nephritis / Nephropathy

True

African Swine Fever does not have any vaccination

True

Vaccinations are used in Europe for prevention of Picornaviruses

True

Just State Vet medical steps and general preventative measures are used for prevention of Picornavirus

False

Cardioviruses have a narrow host range

False

Teschen disease can affect older pigs

True

Teschen disease is endemic in Brazil

False

Both young and adult pigs can be affected by Teschen disease

True

Teschen is caused by Picornavirus

True

Teschen and Talfan are caused by the same virus type

True

Teschen Disease is caused by Enterovirus

False

Teschen Disease is present worldwide

False

Talfan Disease infects piglets older than 4 months

False

Teschen Disease causes diarrhoea in piglets

False

Picornavirus is characterized by encephalitis and severe diarrhoea

False

Teschen Disease is a sporadic disease with weakness of hind legs or encephalomyelitis in piglets.

True

Teschen Disease can affect older piglets

True

Talfan Disease can affect older pigs (4+ months)

False

Swine Vesicular Disease cause skin lesions in bovids

False

Swine Vesicular Disease is derived from Coxsacki-B5

True

Swine Vesicular Disease virus can replicate in the CNS

True

Swine Vesicular Disease is present only in Italy

False

Swine Vesicular Disease is present only in Hong Kong

False

Swine Vesicular Disease was present in both Italy and Hong Kong

True

Swine Vesicular Disease can cause clinical signs in humans

False

Swine Vesicular Disease has been present in all European countries, but now only present in South-East Asia

False

Swine Vesicular Disease is similar in appearance to Foot and Mouth Disease

True

Swine Vesicular Disease causes skin lesions in cattle

False

Judging from the clinical signs, Swine Vesicular Disease cannot be differentiated from FMD

True

Swine Vesicular Disease is frequent among pigs

False

Lameness can be a sign of Swine Vesicular Disease

True

Avian Encephalomyelitis is caused by enterovirus

False

Avian Encephalomyelitis can spread germinatively

True

Incubation time of Avian Encephalomyelitis virus is 11 (9-10) days following PO infection

True

Incubation time of Avian Encephalomyelitis virus depends on the mode of infection

True

Avian Encephalomyelitis is caused by a Hepatovirus

False

Avian Encephalomyelitis is not transmitted germinatively

False

Avian Encephalomyelitis virus kills the embryo

False

Avian Encephalomyelitis is present only in chickens

False

Avian Encephalomyelitis virus is killed at hatching temperature

False

Avian Encephalomyelitis spreads both horizontally and via eggs

True

Infection via eggs does not occur in Avian Encephalomyelitis

False

Avian Encephalomyelitis is not transmitted through the egg

False

Duck Viral Hepatitis is present in Hungary on a large scale

False

Duck Viral Hepatitis can be caused by multiple virus spp./ serotypes

True

Duck Viral Hepatitis is primarily a disease of younger ducklings

True

The primary replication site is the GI tract in Duck Viral Hepatitis

True

Type 4 Duck Viral Hepatitis can infect older animals

True

Duck Viral Hepatitis is caused by type 1 and 2 coronavirus

False

Duck Viral Hepatitis causes hemorrhagic enteritis in older ducks

False

Pathogens of Duck Viral Hepatitis can infect older animals

True

Duck Viral Hepatitis is primarily a disease of younger ducklings

True

Encephalomyocarditis may be deadly for elephants

True

Myocarditis can be a result of Foot and Mouth Disease cases

True

Vesicles are often seen on the tongue of Foot and Mouth Disease infected cattle

True

Europe is endemically infected with Foot and Mouth Disease

False

Vaccination against Foot and Mouth Disease results in type specific immunity

True

Pigs are not susceptible to Foot and Mouth Disease

False

Foot and Mouth Disease virus can be shed from infected animals during the incubation time

True

Vaccination is currently used against Foot and Mouth Disease in Europe

False

Foot and Mouth Disease virus can only infect ruminants

False

Foot and Mouth Disease is caused by enteroviruses

False

Foot and Mouth Disease is controlled by vaccinations in Europe

False

Foot and Mouth Disease virus only infects ruminants

False

Foot and Mouth Disease is not present in South America

False

Foot and Mouth Disease virus may cause severe heart muscle damage in young calves

True

Foot and Mouth Disease are endemic in Europe

False

Foot and Mouth Disease are caused by enteroviruses

False

Foot and mouth disease are caused by picornaviruses

True

Foot and Mouth Disease is clinically more severe in pigs than in cattle

False

Foot and Mouth Disease virus can replicate in epithelial and myocardial cells

True

Foot and Mouth Disease virus is spread by infected saliva and vesicle fluids within the herd

True

Foot and Mouth Disease is caused by F2 viruses

False

Recovery from Foot and Mouth Disease induces type-specific protection

True

FMD has 7 known serotypes

True

FMD has 3 subtypes SAT 1, 2, 3 in the SAT serotype

True

FMD replicates primarily in the pharynx

True

In the Asian serotype of FMD there are 3 subtypes, Asia 1, 2 and 3

False

FMD causes most severe symptoms in pigs

False

Vaccination is used against FMD

True

Europe is currently free from FMD

True

FMD replicates in the skin

True

FMD cause skin lesions in bovine

True

FMD cause skin signs in swine

True

In sheep, FMD clinical signs are usually more severe than in cattle

False

For prevention of FMD in Europe, only State Vet steps are used

True

FMD is endemic in Europe

False

FMD is controlled by vaccinations in Europe

False

Inactivated vaccines can be used in FMD endemically infected countries

True

For FMD, only the live attenuated strains can provide good immunity

False

FMD vaccination of cattle herds is permitted everywhere

False

FMD is characteristic with fever, salivation, and vesicle formation in the skin and mucous membranes

True

Avian Nephritis Virus is transmitted by rodents

False

Chickens are frequently seropositive for Avian Nephritis

True

Avian Nephritis Virus usually causes diseases in chickens of 1-3 weeks of age

False

Avian Nephritis Virus is caused by a picornavirus

False

Attenuated vaccines are used for the prevention of chicken from Avian Nephritis Virus

False

Vesicular Exanthema of Swine is similar in the clinical signs to Foot and Mouth Disease

True

Several serotypes of Swine Vesicular Exanthema virus can be detected in fishes

True

Rodents are the reservoir hosts of Vesicular Exanthema of Swine virus

False

Swine Vesicular Exanthema virus is present worldwide

False

Midges are the main vectors of the Vesicular Exanthema of Swine virus

False

Vesicular Exanthema of Swine virus is a Calcivirus

True

Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease virus usually causes death in 1-3 weeks old rabbits

False

Encephalitis is a frequent sign of Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease

False

Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease virus is transmitted by mosquitos

False

Encephalitis is a frequent sign of the Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease

False

Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease virus is transmitted by mosquitoes

False

Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease is characterised by rapid progression

True

Australia is free of Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease

False

Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease virus usually causes death in 1-3 weeks old rabbits

False

There are no vaccines available against Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease

False

Up to 100% of susceptible rabbits may be killed by Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease

True

The incubation time of Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease is usually over 3 weeks

False

The Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease is a chronic illness with low morbidity

False

Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease virus is vectored by mosquitoes

False

Encephalitis is a frequent sign of the Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease

False

Rabbit Haemorrhagic disease is caused by Calciviridae

True

Feline Caliciviruses cause hemorrhagic enteritis

True

Cats may carry and shed Feline Calicivirus for several months or years

True

Feline Calicivirus infection may cause pyrexia and lameness

True

Erosions on the oral mucosa are frequent signs of Feline Calicivirus infection

True

Feline Calicivirus has a very characteristic biphasic fever

True

Rotaviruses mainly cause respiratory disease in older animals

False

Rotaviruses typically cause respiratory disease in 3-6 month old calves

False

Rotavirus is species specific

False

Bluetongue disease is present only in tropical and sub-tropical countries

False

Wild birds are the natural reservoir host of the Bluetongue virus

False

In utero Bluetongue virus infection may result in immunotolerance

True

The most severe clinical manifestation of Bluetongue disease is usually seen in goats

False

Bluetongue is an Orbivirus

True

Bluetongue primarily spreads with blood sucking insects

True

Bluetongue replicates in endothelial cells of blood vessels

True

The causative agent of Bluetongue multiplies in endothelium

True

Bluetongue has 24 known serotypes

False

Bluetongue is an enteral disease of turkeys

False

Bluetongue causes symptoms mostly in sheep and goat

False

Bluetongue is not present in Europe

False

Bluetongue causes skin signs in bovine

True

Bluetongue also infects pigs

False

Bluetongue infects all hooved animals

False

No long-term carrier stage is observed in Bluetongue virus infections

False

Bluetongue virus is typically vectored by ticks

False

Sheep are less sensitive to Bluetongue than swine

False

Ruminants and swine are the most important hosts of the Bluetongue virus

False

Lameness is one of the clinical signs of Bluetongue disease in sheep

True

Rodents are the main reservoirs of the Bluetongue virus

False

Bluetongue is present only in tropical areas

False

Lameness is a frequent clinical sign of Bluetongue in sheep

True

Vaccination against Bluetongue provides serotype-specific protection

True

Serological cross protection exists between 25 known serotypes of Bluetongue virus

False

No long-term carrier stage is observed in Bluetongue infections

False

Epizootic Haemorrhagic Fever is a Bluetongue-like disease of wild ruminants in America

True

Ibarki disease is a Bluetongue-like disease in Asia and in America

True

The serotype 8 strain of the Bluetongue virus, which emerged in Western Europe, does not cause clinical signs in cattle

False

Epizootic Haemorrhagic Disease was described only in Australia so far

False

African Horse Sickness is a frequent disease, distributed worldwide

False

Respiratory signs are the most frequent symptoms in acute African Horse Sickness

True

The differential diagnosis of African Horse Sickness and Tetanus is rather complicated

False

African Horse Sickness is spread primarily by “small mosquitos”

False

Carriers for African Horse Sickness are zebras and donkeys

True

African Horse Sickness is not present in Europe today

True

African Horse Sickness is caused by an arbovirus

True

African Horse Sickness is caused by Orbivirus

True

The most characteristic post mortem lesion in African Horse Sickness is haemorrhages and oedema

True

Reservoir for African Horse Sickness is zebras and donkeys

False

African Horse Sickness is presented mainly per-acutely in donkeys

False

African Horse Sickness virus only infect horses

False

Zebras are more resistant to African Horse Sickness than horses

True

Immunized horses may develop a chronic febrile form of the African Horse Sickness

True

Horses are more susceptible than zebra in African Horse Sickness

True

Hemorrhagic meningoencephalitis is the most frequent sign of the African Horse Sickness

False

The African Horse Sickness virus may infect dogs too

True

The African Horse Sickness and the Infectious Equine Arteritis may have similar clinical signs

True

African Horse Sickness is a world-wide distributed and frequent disease

False

The subacute form of the African Horse Sickness is mainly characterised by oedematisation and cardiac dysfunctions

True

Midges are the main vectors of the Equine Encephalosis Virus

True

Avian Orthoreoviruses may cause necrotic foci in the visceral organs of birds

True

Avian Orthoreoviruses infect only via inhalation and parenterally

False

Avian Orthoreoviruses only infect via PO infections

False

All Avian Orthoreoviruses can spread germinatively

True

Helicopter Disease causes feather problems

True

Rotaviruses frequently cause tenosynovitis in birds

False

Avian Orthoreoviruses usually cause disease in adult birds

False

Avian Orthoreovirus may cause necrotic foci in the visceral organs of birds

True

Orthoreovirus infections cause immunosuppression in birds

True

Tenosynovitis is a frequent sign of Avian Orthoreovirus infection

True

Orthoreovirus mainly infects younger animals in domestic animals

True

Orthoreovirus causes respiratory and GI disease in domestic animals

True

Orthoreovirus causes tenosynovitis in piglets

False

Tenosynovitis is caused by only one Orthoreovirus

False

Orthoreoviruses frequently cause tenosynovitis of horses

False

Infectious Bursal Disease causes severe illness, mainly in waterfowl

False

Infectious Bursal Disease is especially sensitive to detergents

False

The most frequent sign of Infectious Bursal Disease is lameness

False

Only attenuated live vaccines are effective against Infectious Bursal Disease

False

Several antigenic and virulence variants of Infectious Bursal Disease virus are known

True

The Infectious Bursitis Virus is usually seen in 3 to 8 weeks-old flocks

True

The most frequent sign of Infectious Bursal Disease is lameness due to the inflammation of the subtendineal bursae

False

IBDV does not cause disease in chicken over the age of two months

True

The Infectious Bursitis Virus is inactivated within 1-2 days in the environment

False

A frequent sign of the Infectious Bursitis Virus is encephalitis

False

In Europe, only low virulence strains of Infectious Bursitis Virus can be found

False

The Infectious Bursitis Virus does not cause any damage in chickens under the age of two weeks

False

Togaviruses cause encephalomyelitis in horses in East-Asia and in Australia only

False

Several Togaviruses are zoonotic agents

True

An early sign of Eastern Encephalomyelitis is biphasic fever

True

No vaccines are available against Togaviruses

False

Mainly ticks are the vectors of Equine Encephalomyelitis Viruses

False

Serological cross-reactions are seen between certain encephalomyelitis viruses

True

Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus infects only horses

False

Mosquitoes are the principle vectors of Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus

True

Equine Encephalomyelitis Viruses cause disease in horse populations worldwide

False

Equine Encephalomyelitis outbreaks are usually emerging in summer or rainy seasons

True

After recovery from acute viral encephalomyelitis, permanent lesions may remain in horses

True

The Equine Encephalomyelitis Viruses are zoonotic agents

True

Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus infects only horses

False

Togavirus infections can unambiguously be diagnosed based on clinical signs and pathology

False

In Europe vaccination of horses against Equine Encephalomyelitis is compulsory

False

Wild birds are involved in the transmission cycle of Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis

True

Ticks are involved in the transmission cycle of EEE

False

Viral Equine Encephalomyelitis is usually diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs

False

In endemic countries, vaccines are available against Equine Viral Encephalomyelitis

True

Mainly ticks are the vectors of Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus

False

Togavirus infections can unambiguously be diagnosed based on clinical signs and pain

False

Many of the Flaviviruses are zoonotic agents

True

The Pestiviruses are Arboviruses

False

Flaviviruses form distinct serotypes without serological cross-reactions

False

Pestivirus are zoonotic agents

False

Viruses of the Pestivirus genus are more resistant in the environment than the other members of the Flavivirus genus

True

Yellow Fever Virus and Dengue virus are human pathogens

True

Flaviviruses are resistant to lipid solvents

False

Louping ill is seen in cattle in North America

False

Louping ill present only in tropical and subtropical countries

False

Louping ill is mostly seen in sheep

True

Louping ill is usually seen in rabbits

False

Abortion and foetal malformations are the most typical signs of Louping ill in sheep

False

Differential diagnoses of Louping-ill: Listeria, Rabies, Scrapie

True

Louping-ill is a disease of swine

False

Louping ill occurs in the Far-East

False

The main vectors of the Tick-borne encephalitis virus are Hyalomma and Dermacontor species

False

The Tick-borne encephalitis virus is resistant to detergents

False

Mainly birds develop Tick-borne encephalitis

False

The consumption of raw goat milk is a possible cause of the human Tick-borne encephalitis

True

Biphasic fever is a characteristic sign of Tick-born encephalitis

True

Tick-borne encephalitis viruses are present only in tropical regions

False

Inactivated vaccines are available against tick-borne encephalitis for humans

True

The Tick-borne encephalitis is widespread in North America

False

The West Nile Virus is present only in Africa

False

Mosquitoes are the principle vectors of the West Nile Virus

True

Horses and humans do not play a significant role in the transmission of West Nile Virus

True

The weather does not influence the occurrence of West Nile Fever outbreaks.

False

Horses are the reservoirs host of West Nile Virus

False

The weather influences the emergence of WNV outbreaks through its effect on mosquito propagation dynamics

True

The sero-diagnostics of West Nile Virus is complicated by cross-reactions with related Flaviviruses

True

The West Nile Virus is genetically uniform, but at least 15 serotypes are known

False

Certain predatory bird species are particularly sensitive to West Nile Virus infections

True

The use of repellents may reduce the risk of infection with West Nile Virus

True

Fomites play the most significant role in the transmission of the West Nile Virus

False

West Nile Virus typically causes reproductive problems in cattle

False

West Nile Fever can be unambiguously diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs

False

There are no available vaccinations for humans against West Nile Virus yet

True

The principal vectors of the West Nile Virus are midges

False

Different genetic lineages of West Nile Virus are circulating in Europe

True

West Nile Virus mainly causes diarrhoea in sheep

False

West Nile Virus typically causes reproductive problems in cattle

False

West Nile Virus can be unambiguously diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs

False

Wild birds are the natural hosts of West Nile virus

True

Mammals are usually accidental, dead-end hosts of WNV

True

West Nile Virus causes central nervous signs in 80-90% of the infections

False

West Nile Virus outbreaks usually develop in the end of summer and in autumn

True

West Nile Virus cannot be isolated in cell cultures

False

Vaccines are available for the prevention of horses from WNV infections

True

West Nile Virus is the only known zoonotic flavivirus

False

Attenuated vaccine strains against Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus may have foetopathic effects

True

Eradication of BVD is based on the removal of immunotolerance

True

The only efficient way of BVD eradication is the replacement of all the animals in the farm

False

In sheep, BVD may cause a disease similar to the border disease

True

Bovine Viral Diarrhoea and Mucosal Disease are caused by the same virus species

True

Mucosal disease usually emerges in cattle farms as explosive outbreaks with high morbidity

False

Swine are not susceptible for Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus

False

Two serotypes of the Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus are known so far, serotype two is more virulent

False

BVDV cannot be propagated in cell cultures

False

BVDV is practically sensitive to disinfectants

True

Rodents play a central role in the maintenance of BVD Virus in the environment

False

Bovine Viral Diarrhoea cannot be transmitted with AI

False

Non-cytopathic BVD strain can mutate and become cytopathic

True

Intrauterine BVD infection always cause abortion

False

Cytopathic and non-cytopathic biotypes of the BVD Virus are known

True

Wild birds are the natural hosts of the Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus

False

Environmental contamination does not play a role in the spread of the BVD Virus

False

The BVD Virus typically damages endothelial epithelial- and lymphatic tissues

True

Cattle which are immune-tolerant to BVDV may develop Mucosal Disease

True

Mucosal Disease, only inactivated vaccines can be used for the prevention against BVD

False

Cytopathic BVDV strains cause Mucosal Disease in immune-tolerant calves

True

Non-cytopathic BVDV infections have immunosuppressive effect

True

Because Europe is free from BVD, it is forbidden to use vaccines against it

False

The BVD Virus genotype 2 is less virulent than genotype 1

False

The BVDV typically damages endothelial-, epithelial- and lymphatic tissues

True

Only inactivated vaccines can be used for the prevention against BVD

False

BVDV infection may cause immunosuppression

True

BVDV in sheep causes Border Disease-like illness

True

Two genotypes of the BVDV are known

True

BVDV forms one serotype, but there are significant antigenic differences between the strains

True

Persistently infected animals play the major role in the maintenance and spread of BVDV

True

Eradication of BVDV is based on the removal of immunotolerant animals

True

Because BDV is an immunosuppressive virus, no vaccines available against it

False

Border Disease is most frequently seen in horses

False

In utero Border Disease virus may cause immunotolerance

True

The Border Disease virus may infect goats too

True

Border Disease of sheep is mainly characterised by foetal damages

True

The Border Disease is a hemorrhagic, respiratory syndrome in sheep

False

In the sheep, Border Disease may cause a disease similar to the BVD

True

Border Disease is a respiratory and enteric disease of lambs

False

Border Disease occurs in Hungary

True

Border Disease causes abortion in ewes

True

Border Disease of sheep can be controlled by screening for carriers

True

All wild type of strains of Classical Swine Fever are highly virulent

False

Six distinct serotypes of Classical Swine Fever Virus are recognised so far

False

Classical Swine Fever Virus is an arbovirus

False

Classical Swine Fever Virus is a zoonotic agent

False

Classical Swine Fever Virus infection has an immunosuppressive effect

True

Pigs shed Classical Swine Fever Virus only during the clinical stage of the disease

False

Central nervous signs might be seen in Classical Swine Fever

True

Based on pathology and clinical signs, chronic Classical Swine Fever is easy to diagnose

False

All known strains of the Classical Swine Fever Virus are highly virulent

False

Classical Swine Fever Virus spreads slowly in the host and causes mainly chronic disease

False

Complicated forms of the Classical Swine Fever are rarely seen

False

The Classical Swine Fever virus may cause reproductive disorders

True

Haemorrhages are the most typical lesions of acute Classical Swine Fever

True

Classical Swine Fever can be unambiguously diagnosed by the clinical signs and pathology

False

Domestic swine of most European countries are free from Classical Swine Fever Virus

True

The Classical Swine Fever may appear in a milder form in wild boar than in domestic swine

True

Low virulence strains of CSFV may lead to asymptomatic infection

True

CSF is spread via infected pigs

True

Sows infected by CSF will have immunotolerant piglets

True

Piglets of sows vaccinated against CSF are vaccinated at 6-12 months

False

To prevent CSF, we vaccinate pigs older than 6 months of age with live vaccine

False

To prevent CSF we use inactivated vaccines made from the Chinese strain

False

In CSF, shedding may start 2-3 days after the first clinical signs

False

CSF can be prevented by inactivated vaccines

False

CSF can hardly be distinguished from African Swine Fever

True

CSF always causes abortion in pigs

False

Hungary does not have to make any preventative action against CSF

False

Incubation of CSF is 8-22 days

True

CSF was first written about in USA

True

First symptom of CSF is drooping ears

False

CSF Virus has good resistance

True

Classical Swine Fever Virus is mainly transmitted by mosquitoes

False

The presence of CSFV in a herd does not influence reproduction parameters

False

CSF is frequently complicated with bacterial infections

True

The clinical signs of CSF and ASF are similar

True

Central nervous signs are never seen in CSF

False

Serological cross reactions may occur between BVDV and CSFV

False

Only inactivated vaccines are available against CSFV

False

CSFV: It is a disease of domestic swine and wild boars, but several other species are also susceptible

False

Only domestic swine and wild boars are susceptible to CSFV

True

Fever, anorexia haemorrhages in the skin and weakness of the hind legs are the most important signs of CSFV

True

For prevention of CSFV state medical steps and vaccination are used in Europe

False

The CSFV typically damages endothelial- and lymphatic tissues

True

Boutons in the large intestine are the earliest lesions in CSF

False

Swine shed CSFV only in the terminal phase of the disease

False

Wild boar may play a role in the maintenance and spread of Classical Swine Fever

True

In Europe vaccination of domestic pigs against Classical Swine Fever is common

False

Classical Swine Fever is a notifiable disease in Europe

True

In Europe, vaccination of domestic swine populations against CSF is compulsory

False

Orthobunyaviruses are transmitted by hematophagous arthropods

True

Several virus species belong to Bunyaviridae family, many present only in tropical regions

True

Bunyaviruses are typically arboviruses

True

Several Bunyaviruses are zoonotic agents

True

Serological cross-reactions are frequent between related Bunyaviruses

True

Bunyaviriuses has good antigens and good immune reaction

True

Akabane Disease virus causes foetal damage in sheep

True

The main symptoms of the Akabane Disease are foetal development disorders

True

The Akabane Disease can cause abortion in sheep

True

The main symptoms of Akabane Disease are the malformation of the foetus

True

Akabane, Aino and Schmallenberg viruses cause similar disease in ruminants

True

Akabane Disease occurs in South-West Africa and is a disease of swine

False

The Akabane Disease is mainly seen in geese

False

Abortions and fetal malformations are the most typical signs of Akabane Disease

True

Schmallenberg Virus causes foetal damages in sheep

True

Schmallenberg Virus emerged in Western Europe, in 2011, and spread rapidly in ruminants

True

In sheep the Schmallenberg Virus mainly causes foetal malformations

True

Schmallenberg Virus causes severe diseases in humans

False

Schmallenberg Virus-associated disease was first observed in 2011, in certain Western European countries

True

Schmallenberg spreads by midge vectors

True

No human case report on Schmallenberg Virus

True

Pneumonia and abortion are the main signs of Schmallenberg Virus infection in sheep

False

Midges are the main vectors of Schmallenberg Virus

True

Signs of acute Schmallenberg Virus infection in cattle are lower and reduced milk production

True

Rift Valley Fever Virus causes foetal damages in sheep

False

Rift Valley Fever Virus caused severe human outbreaks in Africa and in the Arab peninsula

True

Necrotic hepatitis is a typical lesion of Rift Valley Fever

True

The principle vectors of the Rift Valley Disease are gnats

False

Rift Valley Fever outbreaks are most frequently seen in horses

False

Rift Valley Fever Virus may cause 100% mortality in young susceptible animals

True

In enzootic regions, vaccines are used for the prevention of Rift Valley Fever

True

Rift Valley Fever may cause high mortality in young ruminants

True

Nairobi Disease viruses causes foetal damages in sheep

True

Hemorrhagic gastroenteritis is a typical lesion of Nairobi Sheep Disease

True

Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic fever virus is tick born

True

The Nairobi Sheep Disease may cause abortion in pregnant ewes

True

The most important symptom of the Nairobi Sheep Disease is nephritis

False

Nairobi Disease occurs mainly in sheep

True

The leading symptom of Nairobi Disease is renal insufficiency

False

The Nairobi Sheep Disease is vectored by ticks

True

Nairobi Sheep Disease primarily causes pathological changes in the kidney (renal insufficiency)

False

Hantaviruses cause hemorrhagic fevers in rodents

False

Hantaviruses can cause renal symptoms in humans

True

Mainly rodents are the natural reservoir of Hantaviruses

True

Hantaviruses are naturally maintained by rodents

True

In domestic animals, Hantaviruses typically cause liver dystrophy

False

Hantavirus-infected people may develop severe renal failure

True

Rodents are reservoir for Hantavirus

True

Hantavirus cause renal disorders in humans

True

In domestic animals, Hantavirus typically cause liver dysfunction

False

Crimean-Congo fever is spread by ticks

True

Hantavirus may cause respiratory disease in humans

False

Hantaviruses cause encephalitis in horses

False

Midterm 2 (Virus specific) Flashcards

(444 cards)