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Epidemiology > Midterm 2 (Virus specific) > Flashcards

Midterm 2 (Virus specific) Flashcards

1
Q

African Swine Fever leads to abortion regardless of the virulence of the infecting virus

A

True

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2
Q

Wild boars may carry African Swine Fever virus as chronically infected animals

A

True

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3
Q

The main tool against African Swine Fever is vaccination

A

False

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4
Q

Virulent strains of African Swine Fever virus cause an acute disease in domestic pigs

A

True

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5
Q

African Swine Fever virus infects every cloven-hoofed animal

A

False

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6
Q

Acute African Swine Fever is characterized by haemorrhages

A

True

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7
Q

African Swine Fever does not occur in Europe

A

False

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8
Q

Vaccination is used for prevention of African Swine Fever

A

False

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9
Q

African Swine Fever cause skin lesions in swine

A

True

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10
Q

African Swine Fever is caused by arbovirus

A

True

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11
Q

Vaccines may be used for the control of African Swine Fever

A

False

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12
Q

African Swine Fever is endemic in Central Europe

A

False

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13
Q

African Swine Fever virus infects pigs and ruminants

A

False

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14
Q

African Swine Fever virus can replicate in certain ticks

A

True

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15
Q

African Swine Fever is caused by any arbovirus

A

False

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16
Q

African Swine Fever is a notifiable disease

A

True

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17
Q

Virus neutralization is the most important tool for African Swine Fever diagnosis

A

False

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18
Q

Pregnant sows abort in case of African Swine Fever disease cases

A

True

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19
Q

The chronic form of African Swine Fever is similar to other immune complex disorders

A

True

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20
Q

African Swine Fever infection of humans leads to cold like symptoms

A

False

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21
Q

African Swine Fever virus may cause chronic infections in pigs

A

True

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22
Q

African Swine Fever may cause a chronic disease in wild boars

A

True

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23
Q

African Swine Fever virus infects pigs and ruminants

A

False

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24
Q

African Swine Fever virus can replicate in certain soft ticks

A

True

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25
Q

African Swine Fever may cause a chronic disease in wild boars

A

True

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26
Q

The clinical picture of chronic African Swine Fever is similar to dermatitis Nephritis / Nephropathy

A

True

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27
Q

African Swine Fever does not have any vaccination

A

True

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28
Q

Vaccinations are used in Europe for prevention of Picornaviruses

A

True

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29
Q

Just State Vet medical steps and general preventative measures are used for prevention of Picornavirus

A

False

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30
Q

Cardioviruses have a narrow host range

A

False

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31
Q

Teschen disease can affect older pigs

A

True

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32
Q

Teschen disease is endemic in Brazil

A

False

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33
Q

Both young and adult pigs can be affected by Teschen disease

A

True

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34
Q

Teschen is caused by Picornavirus

A

True

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35
Q

Teschen and Talfan are caused by the same virus type

A

True

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36
Q

Teschen Disease is caused by Enterovirus

A

False

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37
Q

Teschen Disease is present worldwide

A

False

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38
Q

Talfan Disease infects piglets older than 4 months

A

False

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39
Q

Teschen Disease causes diarrhoea in piglets

A

False

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40
Q

Picornavirus is characterized by encephalitis and severe diarrhoea

A

False

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41
Q

Teschen Disease is a sporadic disease with weakness of hind legs or encephalomyelitis in piglets.

A

True

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42
Q

Teschen Disease can affect older piglets

A

True

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43
Q

Talfan Disease can affect older pigs (4+ months)

A

False

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44
Q

Swine Vesicular Disease cause skin lesions in bovids

A

False

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45
Q

Swine Vesicular Disease is derived from Coxsacki-B5

A

True

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46
Q

Swine Vesicular Disease virus can replicate in the CNS

A

True

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47
Q

Swine Vesicular Disease is present only in Italy

A

False

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48
Q

Swine Vesicular Disease is present only in Hong Kong

A

False

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49
Q

Swine Vesicular Disease was present in both Italy and Hong Kong

A

True

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50
Q

Swine Vesicular Disease can cause clinical signs in humans

A

False

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51
Q

Swine Vesicular Disease has been present in all European countries, but now only present in South-East Asia

A

False

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52
Q

Swine Vesicular Disease is similar in appearance to Foot and Mouth Disease

A

True

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53
Q

Swine Vesicular Disease causes skin lesions in cattle

A

False

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54
Q

Judging from the clinical signs, Swine Vesicular Disease cannot be differentiated from FMD

A

True

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55
Q

Swine Vesicular Disease is frequent among pigs

A

False

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56
Q

Lameness can be a sign of Swine Vesicular Disease

A

True

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57
Q

Avian Encephalomyelitis is caused by enterovirus

A

False

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58
Q

Avian Encephalomyelitis can spread germinatively

A

True

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59
Q

Incubation time of Avian Encephalomyelitis virus is 11 (9-10) days following PO infection

A

True

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60
Q

Incubation time of Avian Encephalomyelitis virus depends on the mode of infection

A

True

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61
Q

Avian Encephalomyelitis is caused by a Hepatovirus

A

False

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62
Q

Avian Encephalomyelitis is not transmitted germinatively

A

False

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63
Q

Avian Encephalomyelitis virus kills the embryo

A

False

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64
Q

Avian Encephalomyelitis is present only in chickens

A

False

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65
Q

Avian Encephalomyelitis virus is killed at hatching temperature

A

False

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66
Q

Avian Encephalomyelitis spreads both horizontally and via eggs

A

True

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67
Q

Infection via eggs does not occur in Avian Encephalomyelitis

A

False

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68
Q

Avian Encephalomyelitis is not transmitted through the egg

A

False

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69
Q

Duck Viral Hepatitis is present in Hungary on a large scale

A

False

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70
Q

Duck Viral Hepatitis can be caused by multiple virus spp./ serotypes

A

True

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71
Q

Duck Viral Hepatitis is primarily a disease of younger ducklings

A

True

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72
Q

The primary replication site is the GI tract in Duck Viral Hepatitis

A

True

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73
Q

Type 4 Duck Viral Hepatitis can infect older animals

A

True

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74
Q

Duck Viral Hepatitis is caused by type 1 and 2 coronavirus

A

False

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75
Q

Duck Viral Hepatitis causes hemorrhagic enteritis in older ducks

A

False

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76
Q

Pathogens of Duck Viral Hepatitis can infect older animals

A

True

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77
Q

Duck Viral Hepatitis is primarily a disease of younger ducklings

A

True

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78
Q

Encephalomyocarditis may be deadly for elephants

A

True

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79
Q

Myocarditis can be a result of Foot and Mouth Disease cases

A

True

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80
Q

Vesicles are often seen on the tongue of Foot and Mouth Disease infected cattle

A

True

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81
Q

Europe is endemically infected with Foot and Mouth Disease

A

False

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82
Q

Vaccination against Foot and Mouth Disease results in type specific immunity

A

True

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83
Q

Pigs are not susceptible to Foot and Mouth Disease

A

False

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84
Q

Foot and Mouth Disease virus can be shed from infected animals during the incubation time

A

True

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85
Q

Vaccination is currently used against Foot and Mouth Disease in Europe

A

False

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86
Q

Foot and Mouth Disease virus can only infect ruminants

A

False

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87
Q

Foot and Mouth Disease is caused by enteroviruses

A

False

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88
Q

Foot and Mouth Disease is controlled by vaccinations in Europe

A

False

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89
Q

Foot and Mouth Disease virus only infects ruminants

A

False

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90
Q

Foot and Mouth Disease is not present in South America

A

False

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91
Q

Foot and Mouth Disease virus may cause severe heart muscle damage in young calves

A

True

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92
Q

Foot and Mouth Disease are endemic in Europe

A

False

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93
Q

Foot and Mouth Disease are caused by enteroviruses

A

False

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94
Q

Foot and mouth disease are caused by picornaviruses

A

True

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95
Q

Foot and Mouth Disease is clinically more severe in pigs than in cattle

A

False

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96
Q

Foot and Mouth Disease virus can replicate in epithelial and myocardial cells

A

True

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97
Q

Foot and Mouth Disease virus is spread by infected saliva and vesicle fluids within the herd

A

True

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98
Q

Foot and Mouth Disease is caused by F2 viruses

A

False

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99
Q

Recovery from Foot and Mouth Disease induces type-specific protection

A

True

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100
Q

FMD has 7 known serotypes

A

True

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101
Q

FMD has 3 subtypes SAT 1, 2, 3 in the SAT serotype

A

True

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102
Q

FMD replicates primarily in the pharynx

A

True

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103
Q

In the Asian serotype of FMD there are 3 subtypes, Asia 1, 2 and 3

A

False

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104
Q

FMD causes most severe symptoms in pigs

A

False

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105
Q

Vaccination is used against FMD

A

True

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106
Q

Europe is currently free from FMD

A

True

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107
Q

FMD replicates in the skin

A

True

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108
Q

FMD cause skin lesions in bovine

A

True

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109
Q

FMD cause skin signs in swine

A

True

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110
Q

In sheep, FMD clinical signs are usually more severe than in cattle

A

False

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111
Q

For prevention of FMD in Europe, only State Vet steps are used

A

True

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112
Q

FMD is endemic in Europe

A

False

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113
Q

FMD is controlled by vaccinations in Europe

A

False

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114
Q

Inactivated vaccines can be used in FMD endemically infected countries

A

True

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115
Q

For FMD, only the live attenuated strains can provide good immunity

A

False

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116
Q

FMD vaccination of cattle herds is permitted everywhere

A

False

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117
Q

FMD is characteristic with fever, salivation, and vesicle formation in the skin and mucous membranes

A

True

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118
Q

Avian Nephritis Virus is transmitted by rodents

A

False

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119
Q

Chickens are frequently seropositive for Avian Nephritis

A

True

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120
Q

Avian Nephritis Virus usually causes diseases in chickens of 1-3 weeks of age

A

False

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121
Q

Avian Nephritis Virus is caused by a picornavirus

A

False

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122
Q

Attenuated vaccines are used for the prevention of chicken from Avian Nephritis Virus

A

False

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123
Q

Vesicular Exanthema of Swine is similar in the clinical signs to Foot and Mouth Disease

A

True

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124
Q

Several serotypes of Swine Vesicular Exanthema virus can be detected in fishes

A

True

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125
Q

Rodents are the reservoir hosts of Vesicular Exanthema of Swine virus

A

False

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126
Q

Swine Vesicular Exanthema virus is present worldwide

A

False

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127
Q

Midges are the main vectors of the Vesicular Exanthema of Swine virus

A

False

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128
Q

Vesicular Exanthema of Swine virus is a Calcivirus

A

True

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129
Q

Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease virus usually causes death in 1-3 weeks old rabbits

A

False

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130
Q

Encephalitis is a frequent sign of Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease

A

False

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131
Q

Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease virus is transmitted by mosquitos

A

False

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132
Q

Encephalitis is a frequent sign of the Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease

A

False

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133
Q

Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease virus is transmitted by mosquitoes

A

False

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134
Q

Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease is characterised by rapid progression

A

True

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135
Q

Australia is free of Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease

A

False

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136
Q

Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease virus usually causes death in 1-3 weeks old rabbits

A

False

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137
Q

There are no vaccines available against Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease

A

False

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138
Q

Up to 100% of susceptible rabbits may be killed by Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease

A

True

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139
Q

The incubation time of Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease is usually over 3 weeks

A

False

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140
Q

The Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease is a chronic illness with low morbidity

A

False

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141
Q

Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease virus is vectored by mosquitoes

A

False

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142
Q

Encephalitis is a frequent sign of the Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease

A

False

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143
Q

Rabbit Haemorrhagic disease is caused by Calciviridae

A

True

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144
Q

Feline Caliciviruses cause hemorrhagic enteritis

A

True

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145
Q

Cats may carry and shed Feline Calicivirus for several months or years

A

True

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146
Q

Feline Calicivirus infection may cause pyrexia and lameness

A

True

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147
Q

Erosions on the oral mucosa are frequent signs of Feline Calicivirus infection

A

True

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148
Q

Feline Calicivirus has a very characteristic biphasic fever

A

True

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149
Q

Rotaviruses mainly cause respiratory disease in older animals

A

False

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150
Q

Rotaviruses typically cause respiratory disease in 3-6 month old calves

A

False

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151
Q

Rotavirus is species specific

A

False

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152
Q

Bluetongue disease is present only in tropical and sub-tropical countries

A

False

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153
Q

Wild birds are the natural reservoir host of the Bluetongue virus

A

False

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154
Q

In utero Bluetongue virus infection may result in immunotolerance

A

True

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155
Q

The most severe clinical manifestation of Bluetongue disease is usually seen in goats

A

False

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156
Q

Bluetongue is an Orbivirus

A

True

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157
Q

Bluetongue primarily spreads with blood sucking insects

A

True

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158
Q

Bluetongue replicates in endothelial cells of blood vessels

A

True

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159
Q

The causative agent of Bluetongue multiplies in endothelium

A

True

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160
Q

Bluetongue has 24 known serotypes

A

False

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161
Q

Bluetongue is an enteral disease of turkeys

A

False

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162
Q

Bluetongue causes symptoms mostly in sheep and goat

A

False

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163
Q

Bluetongue is not present in Europe

A

False

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164
Q

Bluetongue causes skin signs in bovine

A

True

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165
Q

Bluetongue also infects pigs

A

False

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166
Q

Bluetongue infects all hooved animals

A

False

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167
Q

No long-term carrier stage is observed in Bluetongue virus infections

A

False

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168
Q

Bluetongue virus is typically vectored by ticks

A

False

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169
Q

Sheep are less sensitive to Bluetongue than swine

A

False

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170
Q

Ruminants and swine are the most important hosts of the Bluetongue virus

A

False

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171
Q

Lameness is one of the clinical signs of Bluetongue disease in sheep

A

True

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172
Q

Rodents are the main reservoirs of the Bluetongue virus

A

False

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173
Q

Bluetongue is present only in tropical areas

A

False

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174
Q

Lameness is a frequent clinical sign of Bluetongue in sheep

A

True

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175
Q

Vaccination against Bluetongue provides serotype-specific protection

A

True

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176
Q

Serological cross protection exists between 25 known serotypes of Bluetongue virus

A

False

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177
Q

No long-term carrier stage is observed in Bluetongue infections

A

False

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178
Q

Epizootic Haemorrhagic Fever is a Bluetongue-like disease of wild ruminants in America

A

True

179
Q

Ibarki disease is a Bluetongue-like disease in Asia and in America

A

True

180
Q

The serotype 8 strain of the Bluetongue virus, which emerged in Western Europe, does not cause clinical signs in cattle

A

False

181
Q

Epizootic Haemorrhagic Disease was described only in Australia so far

A

False

182
Q

African Horse Sickness is a frequent disease, distributed worldwide

A

False

183
Q

Respiratory signs are the most frequent symptoms in acute African Horse Sickness

A

True

184
Q

The differential diagnosis of African Horse Sickness and Tetanus is rather complicated

A

False

185
Q

African Horse Sickness is spread primarily by “small mosquitos”

A

False

186
Q

Carriers for African Horse Sickness are zebras and donkeys

A

True

187
Q

African Horse Sickness is not present in Europe today

A

True

188
Q

African Horse Sickness is caused by an arbovirus

A

True

189
Q

African Horse Sickness is caused by Orbivirus

A

True

190
Q

The most characteristic post mortem lesion in African Horse Sickness is haemorrhages and oedema

A

True

191
Q

Reservoir for African Horse Sickness is zebras and donkeys

A

False

192
Q

African Horse Sickness is presented mainly per-acutely in donkeys

A

False

193
Q

African Horse Sickness virus only infect horses

A

False

194
Q

Zebras are more resistant to African Horse Sickness than horses

A

True

195
Q

Immunized horses may develop a chronic febrile form of the African Horse Sickness

A

True

196
Q

Horses are more susceptible than zebra in African Horse Sickness

A

True

197
Q

Hemorrhagic meningoencephalitis is the most frequent sign of the African Horse Sickness

A

False

198
Q

The African Horse Sickness virus may infect dogs too

A

True

199
Q

The African Horse Sickness and the Infectious Equine Arteritis may have similar clinical signs

A

True

200
Q

African Horse Sickness is a world-wide distributed and frequent disease

A

False

201
Q

The subacute form of the African Horse Sickness is mainly characterised by oedematisation and cardiac dysfunctions

A

True

202
Q

Midges are the main vectors of the Equine Encephalosis Virus

A

True

203
Q

Avian Orthoreoviruses may cause necrotic foci in the visceral organs of birds

A

True

204
Q

Avian Orthoreoviruses infect only via inhalation and parenterally

A

False

205
Q

Avian Orthoreoviruses only infect via PO infections

A

False

206
Q

All Avian Orthoreoviruses can spread germinatively

A

True

207
Q

Helicopter Disease causes feather problems

A

True

208
Q

Rotaviruses frequently cause tenosynovitis in birds

A

False

209
Q

Avian Orthoreoviruses usually cause disease in adult birds

A

False

210
Q

Avian Orthoreovirus may cause necrotic foci in the visceral organs of birds

A

True

211
Q

Orthoreovirus infections cause immunosuppression in birds

A

True

212
Q

Tenosynovitis is a frequent sign of Avian Orthoreovirus infection

A

True

213
Q

Orthoreovirus mainly infects younger animals in domestic animals

A

True

214
Q

Orthoreovirus causes respiratory and GI disease in domestic animals

A

True

215
Q

Orthoreovirus causes tenosynovitis in piglets

A

False

216
Q

Tenosynovitis is caused by only one Orthoreovirus

A

False

217
Q

Orthoreoviruses frequently cause tenosynovitis of horses

A

False

218
Q

Infectious Bursal Disease causes severe illness, mainly in waterfowl

A

False

219
Q

Infectious Bursal Disease is especially sensitive to detergents

A

False

220
Q

The most frequent sign of Infectious Bursal Disease is lameness

A

False

221
Q

Only attenuated live vaccines are effective against Infectious Bursal Disease

A

False

222
Q

Several antigenic and virulence variants of Infectious Bursal Disease virus are known

A

True

223
Q

The Infectious Bursitis Virus is usually seen in 3 to 8 weeks-old flocks

A

True

224
Q

The most frequent sign of Infectious Bursal Disease is lameness due to the inflammation of the subtendineal bursae

A

False

225
Q

IBDV does not cause disease in chicken over the age of two months

A

True

226
Q

The Infectious Bursitis Virus is inactivated within 1-2 days in the environment

A

False

227
Q

A frequent sign of the Infectious Bursitis Virus is encephalitis

A

False

228
Q

In Europe, only low virulence strains of Infectious Bursitis Virus can be found

A

False

229
Q

The Infectious Bursitis Virus does not cause any damage in chickens under the age of two weeks

A

False

230
Q

Togaviruses cause encephalomyelitis in horses in East-Asia and in Australia only

A

False

231
Q

Several Togaviruses are zoonotic agents

A

True

232
Q

An early sign of Eastern Encephalomyelitis is biphasic fever

A

True

233
Q

No vaccines are available against Togaviruses

A

False

234
Q

Mainly ticks are the vectors of Equine Encephalomyelitis Viruses

A

False

235
Q

Serological cross-reactions are seen between certain encephalomyelitis viruses

A

True

236
Q

Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus infects only horses

A

False

237
Q

Mosquitoes are the principle vectors of Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus

A

True

238
Q

Equine Encephalomyelitis Viruses cause disease in horse populations worldwide

A

False

239
Q

Equine Encephalomyelitis outbreaks are usually emerging in summer or rainy seasons

A

True

240
Q

After recovery from acute viral encephalomyelitis, permanent lesions may remain in horses

A

True

241
Q

The Equine Encephalomyelitis Viruses are zoonotic agents

A

True

242
Q

Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus infects only horses

A

False

243
Q

Togavirus infections can unambiguously be diagnosed based on clinical signs and pathology

A

False

244
Q

In Europe vaccination of horses against Equine Encephalomyelitis is compulsory

A

False

245
Q

Wild birds are involved in the transmission cycle of Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis

A

True

246
Q

Ticks are involved in the transmission cycle of EEE

A

False

247
Q

Viral Equine Encephalomyelitis is usually diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs

A

False

248
Q

In endemic countries, vaccines are available against Equine Viral Encephalomyelitis

A

True

249
Q

Mainly ticks are the vectors of Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus

A

False

250
Q

Togavirus infections can unambiguously be diagnosed based on clinical signs and pain

A

False

251
Q

Many of the Flaviviruses are zoonotic agents

A

True

252
Q

The Pestiviruses are Arboviruses

A

False

253
Q

Flaviviruses form distinct serotypes without serological cross-reactions

A

False

254
Q

Pestivirus are zoonotic agents

A

False

255
Q

Viruses of the Pestivirus genus are more resistant in the environment than the other members of the Flavivirus genus

A

True

256
Q

Yellow Fever Virus and Dengue virus are human pathogens

A

True

257
Q

Flaviviruses are resistant to lipid solvents

A

False

258
Q

Louping ill is seen in cattle in North America

A

False

259
Q

Louping ill present only in tropical and subtropical countries

A

False

260
Q

Louping ill is mostly seen in sheep

A

True

261
Q

Louping ill is usually seen in rabbits

A

False

262
Q

Abortion and foetal malformations are the most typical signs of Louping ill in sheep

A

False

263
Q

Differential diagnoses of Louping-ill: Listeria, Rabies, Scrapie

A

True

264
Q

Louping-ill is a disease of swine

A

False

265
Q

Louping ill occurs in the Far-East

A

False

266
Q

The main vectors of the Tick-borne encephalitis virus are Hyalomma and Dermacontor species

A

False

267
Q

The Tick-borne encephalitis virus is resistant to detergents

A

False

268
Q

Mainly birds develop Tick-borne encephalitis

A

False

269
Q

The consumption of raw goat milk is a possible cause of the human Tick-borne encephalitis

A

True

270
Q

Biphasic fever is a characteristic sign of Tick-born encephalitis

A

True

271
Q

Tick-borne encephalitis viruses are present only in tropical regions

A

False

272
Q

Inactivated vaccines are available against tick-borne encephalitis for humans

A

True

273
Q

The Tick-borne encephalitis is widespread in North America

A

False

274
Q

The West Nile Virus is present only in Africa

A

False

275
Q

Mosquitoes are the principle vectors of the West Nile Virus

A

True

276
Q

Horses and humans do not play a significant role in the transmission of West Nile Virus

A

True

277
Q

The weather does not influence the occurrence of West Nile Fever outbreaks.

A

False

278
Q

Horses are the reservoirs host of West Nile Virus

A

False

279
Q

The weather influences the emergence of WNV outbreaks through its effect on mosquito propagation dynamics

A

True

280
Q

The sero-diagnostics of West Nile Virus is complicated by cross-reactions with related Flaviviruses

A

True

281
Q

The West Nile Virus is genetically uniform, but at least 15 serotypes are known

A

False

282
Q

Certain predatory bird species are particularly sensitive to West Nile Virus infections

A

True

283
Q

The use of repellents may reduce the risk of infection with West Nile Virus

A

True

284
Q

Fomites play the most significant role in the transmission of the West Nile Virus

A

False

285
Q

West Nile Virus typically causes reproductive problems in cattle

A

False

286
Q

West Nile Fever can be unambiguously diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs

A

False

287
Q

There are no available vaccinations for humans against West Nile Virus yet

A

True

288
Q

The principal vectors of the West Nile Virus are midges

A

False

289
Q

Different genetic lineages of West Nile Virus are circulating in Europe

A

True

290
Q

West Nile Virus mainly causes diarrhoea in sheep

A

False

291
Q

West Nile Virus typically causes reproductive problems in cattle

A

False

292
Q

West Nile Virus can be unambiguously diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs

A

False

293
Q

Wild birds are the natural hosts of West Nile virus

A

True

294
Q

Mammals are usually accidental, dead-end hosts of WNV

A

True

295
Q

West Nile Virus causes central nervous signs in 80-90% of the infections

A

False

296
Q

West Nile Virus outbreaks usually develop in the end of summer and in autumn

A

True

297
Q

West Nile Virus cannot be isolated in cell cultures

A

False

298
Q

Vaccines are available for the prevention of horses from WNV infections

A

True

299
Q

West Nile Virus is the only known zoonotic flavivirus

A

False

300
Q

Attenuated vaccine strains against Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus may have foetopathic effects

A

True

301
Q

Eradication of BVD is based on the removal of immunotolerance

A

True

302
Q

The only efficient way of BVD eradication is the replacement of all the animals in the farm

A

False

303
Q

In sheep, BVD may cause a disease similar to the border disease

A

True

304
Q

Bovine Viral Diarrhoea and Mucosal Disease are caused by the same virus species

A

True

305
Q

Mucosal disease usually emerges in cattle farms as explosive outbreaks with high morbidity

A

False

306
Q

Swine are not susceptible for Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus

A

False

307
Q

Two serotypes of the Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus are known so far, serotype two is more virulent

A

False

308
Q

BVDV cannot be propagated in cell cultures

A

False

309
Q

BVDV is practically sensitive to disinfectants

A

True

310
Q

Rodents play a central role in the maintenance of BVD Virus in the environment

A

False

311
Q

Bovine Viral Diarrhoea cannot be transmitted with AI

A

False

312
Q

Non-cytopathic BVD strain can mutate and become cytopathic

A

True

313
Q

Intrauterine BVD infection always cause abortion

A

False

314
Q

Cytopathic and non-cytopathic biotypes of the BVD Virus are known

A

True

315
Q

Wild birds are the natural hosts of the Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus

A

False

316
Q

Environmental contamination does not play a role in the spread of the BVD Virus

A

False

317
Q

The BVD Virus typically damages endothelial epithelial- and lymphatic tissues

A

True

318
Q

Cattle which are immune-tolerant to BVDV may develop Mucosal Disease

A

True

319
Q

Mucosal Disease, only inactivated vaccines can be used for the prevention against BVD

A

False

320
Q

Cytopathic BVDV strains cause Mucosal Disease in immune-tolerant calves

A

True

321
Q

Non-cytopathic BVDV infections have immunosuppressive effect

A

True

322
Q

Because Europe is free from BVD, it is forbidden to use vaccines against it

A

False

323
Q

The BVD Virus genotype 2 is less virulent than genotype 1

A

False

324
Q

The BVDV typically damages endothelial-, epithelial- and lymphatic tissues

A

True

325
Q

Only inactivated vaccines can be used for the prevention against BVD

A

False

326
Q

BVDV infection may cause immunosuppression

A

True

327
Q

BVDV in sheep causes Border Disease-like illness

A

True

328
Q

Two genotypes of the BVDV are known

A

True

329
Q

BVDV forms one serotype, but there are significant antigenic differences between the strains

A

True

330
Q

Persistently infected animals play the major role in the maintenance and spread of BVDV

A

True

331
Q

Eradication of BVDV is based on the removal of immunotolerant animals

A

True

332
Q

Because BDV is an immunosuppressive virus, no vaccines available against it

A

False

333
Q

Border Disease is most frequently seen in horses

A

False

334
Q

In utero Border Disease virus may cause immunotolerance

A

True

335
Q

The Border Disease virus may infect goats too

A

True

336
Q

Border Disease of sheep is mainly characterised by foetal damages

A

True

337
Q

The Border Disease is a hemorrhagic, respiratory syndrome in sheep

A

False

338
Q

In the sheep, Border Disease may cause a disease similar to the BVD

A

True

339
Q

Border Disease is a respiratory and enteric disease of lambs

A

False

340
Q

Border Disease occurs in Hungary

A

True

341
Q

Border Disease causes abortion in ewes

A

True

342
Q

Border Disease of sheep can be controlled by screening for carriers

A

True

343
Q

All wild type of strains of Classical Swine Fever are highly virulent

A

False

344
Q

Six distinct serotypes of Classical Swine Fever Virus are recognised so far

A

False

345
Q

Classical Swine Fever Virus is an arbovirus

A

False

346
Q

Classical Swine Fever Virus is a zoonotic agent

A

False

347
Q

Classical Swine Fever Virus infection has an immunosuppressive effect

A

True

348
Q

Pigs shed Classical Swine Fever Virus only during the clinical stage of the disease

A

False

349
Q

Central nervous signs might be seen in Classical Swine Fever

A

True

350
Q

Based on pathology and clinical signs, chronic Classical Swine Fever is easy to diagnose

A

False

351
Q

All known strains of the Classical Swine Fever Virus are highly virulent

A

False

352
Q

Classical Swine Fever Virus spreads slowly in the host and causes mainly chronic disease

A

False

353
Q

Complicated forms of the Classical Swine Fever are rarely seen

A

False

354
Q

The Classical Swine Fever virus may cause reproductive disorders

A

True

355
Q

Haemorrhages are the most typical lesions of acute Classical Swine Fever

A

True

356
Q

Classical Swine Fever can be unambiguously diagnosed by the clinical signs and pathology

A

False

357
Q

Domestic swine of most European countries are free from Classical Swine Fever Virus

A

True

358
Q

The Classical Swine Fever may appear in a milder form in wild boar than in domestic swine

A

True

359
Q

Low virulence strains of CSFV may lead to asymptomatic infection

A

True

360
Q

CSF is spread via infected pigs

A

True

361
Q

Sows infected by CSF will have immunotolerant piglets

A

True

362
Q

Piglets of sows vaccinated against CSF are vaccinated at 6-12 months

A

False

363
Q

To prevent CSF, we vaccinate pigs older than 6 months of age with live vaccine

A

False

364
Q

To prevent CSF we use inactivated vaccines made from the Chinese strain

A

False

365
Q

In CSF, shedding may start 2-3 days after the first clinical signs

A

False

366
Q

CSF can be prevented by inactivated vaccines

A

False

367
Q

CSF can hardly be distinguished from African Swine Fever

A

True

368
Q

CSF always causes abortion in pigs

A

False

369
Q

Hungary does not have to make any preventative action against CSF

A

False

370
Q

Incubation of CSF is 8-22 days

A

True

371
Q

CSF was first written about in USA

A

True

372
Q

First symptom of CSF is drooping ears

A

False

373
Q

CSF Virus has good resistance

A

True

374
Q

Classical Swine Fever Virus is mainly transmitted by mosquitoes

A

False

375
Q

The presence of CSFV in a herd does not influence reproduction parameters

A

False

376
Q

CSF is frequently complicated with bacterial infections

A

True

377
Q

The clinical signs of CSF and ASF are similar

A

True

378
Q

Central nervous signs are never seen in CSF

A

False

379
Q

Serological cross reactions may occur between BVDV and CSFV

A

False

380
Q

Only inactivated vaccines are available against CSFV

A

False

381
Q

CSFV: It is a disease of domestic swine and wild boars, but several other species are also susceptible

A

False

382
Q

Only domestic swine and wild boars are susceptible to CSFV

A

True

383
Q

Fever, anorexia haemorrhages in the skin and weakness of the hind legs are the most important signs of CSFV

A

True

384
Q

For prevention of CSFV state medical steps and vaccination are used in Europe

A

False

385
Q

The CSFV typically damages endothelial- and lymphatic tissues

A

True

386
Q

Boutons in the large intestine are the earliest lesions in CSF

A

False

387
Q

Swine shed CSFV only in the terminal phase of the disease

A

False

388
Q

Wild boar may play a role in the maintenance and spread of Classical Swine Fever

A

True

389
Q

In Europe vaccination of domestic pigs against Classical Swine Fever is common

A

False

390
Q

Classical Swine Fever is a notifiable disease in Europe

A

True

391
Q

In Europe, vaccination of domestic swine populations against CSF is compulsory

A

False

392
Q

Orthobunyaviruses are transmitted by hematophagous arthropods

A

True

393
Q

Several virus species belong to Bunyaviridae family, many present only in tropical regions

A

True

394
Q

Bunyaviruses are typically arboviruses

A

True

395
Q

Several Bunyaviruses are zoonotic agents

A

True

396
Q

Serological cross-reactions are frequent between related Bunyaviruses

A

True

397
Q

Bunyaviriuses has good antigens and good immune reaction

A

True

398
Q

Akabane Disease virus causes foetal damage in sheep

A

True

399
Q

The main symptoms of the Akabane Disease are foetal development disorders

A

True

400
Q

The Akabane Disease can cause abortion in sheep

A

True

401
Q

The main symptoms of Akabane Disease are the malformation of the foetus

A

True

402
Q

Akabane, Aino and Schmallenberg viruses cause similar disease in ruminants

A

True

403
Q

Akabane Disease occurs in South-West Africa and is a disease of swine

A

False

404
Q

The Akabane Disease is mainly seen in geese

A

False

405
Q

Abortions and fetal malformations are the most typical signs of Akabane Disease

A

True

406
Q

Schmallenberg Virus causes foetal damages in sheep

A

True

407
Q

Schmallenberg Virus emerged in Western Europe, in 2011, and spread rapidly in ruminants

A

True

408
Q

In sheep the Schmallenberg Virus mainly causes foetal malformations

A

True

409
Q

Schmallenberg Virus causes severe diseases in humans

A

False

410
Q

Schmallenberg Virus-associated disease was first observed in 2011, in certain Western European countries

A

True

411
Q

Schmallenberg spreads by midge vectors

A

True

412
Q

No human case report on Schmallenberg Virus

A

True

413
Q

Pneumonia and abortion are the main signs of Schmallenberg Virus infection in sheep

A

False

414
Q

Midges are the main vectors of Schmallenberg Virus

A

True

415
Q

Signs of acute Schmallenberg Virus infection in cattle are lower and reduced milk production

A

True

416
Q

Rift Valley Fever Virus causes foetal damages in sheep

A

False

417
Q

Rift Valley Fever Virus caused severe human outbreaks in Africa and in the Arab peninsula

A

True

418
Q

Necrotic hepatitis is a typical lesion of Rift Valley Fever

A

True

419
Q

The principle vectors of the Rift Valley Disease are gnats

A

False

420
Q

Rift Valley Fever outbreaks are most frequently seen in horses

A

False

421
Q

Rift Valley Fever Virus may cause 100% mortality in young susceptible animals

A

True

422
Q

In enzootic regions, vaccines are used for the prevention of Rift Valley Fever

A

True

423
Q

Rift Valley Fever may cause high mortality in young ruminants

A

True

424
Q

Nairobi Disease viruses causes foetal damages in sheep

A

True

425
Q

Hemorrhagic gastroenteritis is a typical lesion of Nairobi Sheep Disease

A

True

426
Q

Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic fever virus is tick born

A

True

427
Q

The Nairobi Sheep Disease may cause abortion in pregnant ewes

A

True

428
Q

The most important symptom of the Nairobi Sheep Disease is nephritis

A

False

429
Q

Nairobi Disease occurs mainly in sheep

A

True

430
Q

The leading symptom of Nairobi Disease is renal insufficiency

A

False

431
Q

The Nairobi Sheep Disease is vectored by ticks

A

True

432
Q

Nairobi Sheep Disease primarily causes pathological changes in the kidney (renal insufficiency)

A

False

433
Q

Hantaviruses cause hemorrhagic fevers in rodents

A

False

434
Q

Hantaviruses can cause renal symptoms in humans

A

True

435
Q

Mainly rodents are the natural reservoir of Hantaviruses

A

True

436
Q

Hantaviruses are naturally maintained by rodents

A

True

437
Q

In domestic animals, Hantaviruses typically cause liver dystrophy

A

False

438
Q

Hantavirus-infected people may develop severe renal failure

A

True

439
Q

Rodents are reservoir for Hantavirus

A

True

440
Q

Hantavirus cause renal disorders in humans

A

True

441
Q

In domestic animals, Hantavirus typically cause liver dysfunction

A

False

442
Q

Crimean-Congo fever is spread by ticks

A

True

443
Q

Hantavirus may cause respiratory disease in humans

A

False

444
Q

Hantaviruses cause encephalitis in horses

A

False

Epidemiology (12 decks)

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