Mindterm 4 (3) Flashcards by Henriette Wisnes

Mycobacteria are very resistant

True

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Obligate pathogenic Mycobacteria can only reproduce in the infected body

True

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Mycobacterium caprae only infects goats

False

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis only infects humans

False

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Bovine tuberculosis shows clinical signs mainly under the age of 6 months

False

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Bovine tuberculosis is spread mainly via aerogenic way

True

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The main pathogen causing bovine tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis

False

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Bovine tuberculosis only affects the lungs

False

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The result of the intradermal tuberculin test is: 1,9 mm and local reaction – it is +

True

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The result of the intradermal tuberculin test is: 2,5 mm and local reaction – it is +

True

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The result of the intradermal tuberculin test is: 3,5 mm and no local reaction – it is -

False

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The result of the intradermal tuberculin test is: 4,2 mm and no local reaction – it is +

True

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Actinomycosis bovis causes actinomycosis in cattle

True

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Changing teeth is a predisposing factor in actinomycosis

True

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In bovine actinomycosis wooden tongue is common

False

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Use of attenuated vaccines against actinomycosis is widespread

False

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Enterotoxic E. coli strains can cause diarrhea in newborns

True

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Enteropathogenic E. coli strains mainly damage the villi

True

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E. coli strains always cause generalized infections in animals

False

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Entertoxins of E. coli cause severe inflammation in the small intestines

False

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Coli septicaemia of calves is mainly seen after weaning

False

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Coli septicaemia of calves causes high fever

True

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At coli septicaemia of calves, the clinical signs are caused by the enterotoxins

False

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Coli septicaemia of calves can be diagnosed by measuring antibodies

False

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Fusobacterium necrophorum causes calf diphtheria

True

Respiratory diseases predispose calves for calf diphtheria

True

Calf diphtheria affects the oral cavity and the oesophagus

True

Calf diphtheria causes erosion of the larynx

True

Salmonellosis in cattle is mainly cause by Salmonella bovis strains

False

Salmonella can cause disease in calves bought and fattened at young age

True

Salmonellosis in cattle is spread mainly in aerogenic way

False

Chronic salmonellosis of cattle/calves causes arthritis

True

Salmonella abortusequi causes abortion in horses

True

Young pregnant mares are more susceptible for Salmonella abortusequi infection than older ones

True

Salmonella abortusequi causes septicaemia in horses

True

Vaccination against Salmonella abortusequi is widespread to prevent losses

False

Salmonella typhisuis infect ruminants and swine

False

Salmonella typhisuis causes paratyphoid in swine

False

Porcine paratyphoid mainly affects 2-5 months old pigs

True

In case of paratyphoid, the pigs on the farm must be culled/eradicated

True

Salmonella gallinarum causes fowl typhoid in poultry

True

In fowl typhoid there are two peaks during the epidemic

True

Fowl typhoid can’t spread in a germinative manner

False

Fowl typhoid can be diagnosed locally with agglutination methods

True

Y ersinia enterocolitica infects pigs

True

Yersinia enterocolitica strains, can cause cross-reaction with Brucella

True

Yersinia enterocolitica is mainly spread per os

True

Y ersinia enterocolitica does not infect humans

False

Haemorrhagic septicaemia of cattle generally occurs in tropical countries

True

Haemorrhagic septicaemia infects cattle mainly from the environment

True

Haemorrhagic septicaemia of cattle’s endotoxin causes clinical symptoms

True

There is no functioning vaccine to prevent haemorrhagic septicaemia of cattle

False

The dermonecrotoxin of Pasteurella multocida causes irreversible changes in pigs

False

At atrophic rhinitis the conchae absorb

True

Isolating Pasteurella multocida from pigs’ noses proves atrophic rhinitis

True

Atrophic rhinitis can be prevented by vaccinating pregnant sows

True

Fowl cholera is the most severe among day-old chicken

False

Fowl cholera is caused by introducing highly virulent Pasteurella multocida strains

True

Plucking and fattening of geese is a predisposing factor for fowl cholera

True

Fowl cholera causes acute septicaemia

True

Bovine actinobacillosis is a generalized disease with high fever

False

Bovine actinobacillosis affects mainly suckling calves

False

Excess salivation is a common symptom for bovine actinobacillosis

True

Actinobacillus bovis causes bovine actinobacillosis

False

Infectious coryza of poultry can infect all kinds of birds

False

Infectious coryza is caused by Avibacterium paragallinarum

True

Germinative infection is an important route of spreading for infectious coryza

False

Infectious coryza generalizes and causes fever

False

Brucella are facultative intracellular bacteria

True

With Köster-staining all Brucella are positive

True

Sheep and goat are the reservoirs for Brucella

False

Hungary is Brucella free

False

Brucella melitensis causes abortion in cattle

True

Brucella abortus causes abortion in cattle

True

Brucella suis causes abortion in pigs

True

Brucella abortus causes no disease in bulls

False

Sheep, goats, cattle are susceptible for Brucella ovis

False

Brucella ovis causes in rams orchitis and epididymitis

True

Rams are lifelong carriers of Brucella ovis

True

Brucella ovis infects humans as well

False

The habitat of saprophytic, facultative pathogenic mycobacteria is the environment

True

Mycobacteria are intracellular bacteria

True

Facultative pathogenic mycobacteria cannot cause tuberculosis

False

Facultative pathogenic mycobacteria cannot colonize mammals

False

Mycobacterium bovis and M. caprae are causative agents of bovine tuberculosis

True

Bovine tuberculosis cause mainly exudative lesions in calves below 1 month

False

Bovine tuberculosis is an acute disease

False

Cough is a frequent sign of bovine tuberculosis

True

If in the intradermal tuberculin test the increase of the thickness of the skin fold is: 5.1 mm and there are local reactions, the test is positive

True

If in the intradermal tuberculin test the increase of the thickness of the skin fold is: 5.1 mm and there are no local reactions, the test is positive

True

If in the intradermal tuberculin test the increase of the thickness of the skin fold is: 2.8 mm and there are local lesions, the test is positive

True

If in the intradermal tuberculin test the increase of the thickness of the skin fold is: 2.8 mm and there are no local lesions, the test is positive

False

Actinomycosis is seen in cattle as lumpy jaw

True

The pathological lesions of actinomycosis in pigs are seen in the udder

True

Sulphur granules are seen in the lesions of actinomycosis

True

Actinomycosis is prevented with wide vaccination

False

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains cause neonatal diarrhea in calves and piglets

False

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains damage the microvilli

True

Verotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains can cause disease in pigs

True

Verotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains frequently cause septicemia in chicken

False

Coli-septicemia of cattle can occur at any age

False

Hypo-gammaglobulinemia is a predisposing factor of coli-septicemia of cattle

True

Severe watery diarrhea is the main clinical sign of bovine coli-septicemia

False

The endotoxin of Escherichia coli is responsible for the clinical signs of coli- septicaemia

True

Wounds on the oral mucosa can predispose animals to Necrobacillosis

True

The clinical signs of Necrobacillosis can frequently be seen in young animals

True

Necrobacillosis is a generalized disease with high fever and depression

False

Vaccines containing attenuated agents are widely used to prevent Necrobacillosis

False

Salmonella Typhisuis can infect pigs and humans

False

Asymptomatic infection by salmonellae can happen in animals

True

Salmonella infections are always limited to the gut

False

Salmonella can be isolated from feces using the selective enrichment method

True

Salmonella Equi is the main agent of equine salmonellosis

False

Transportation is a predisposing factor of equine salmonellosis

True

Diarrhea is a clinical sign of equine salmonellosis

True

Diarrhea is the only clinical sign of equine salmonellosis

False

Swine typhoid is caused by Salmonella Choleraesuis

False

Swine typhoid is a frequent disease in Europe causing high losses

False

The agent of swine typhoid replicates in the large intestine

True

Killed vaccines are used to prevent swine typhoid

False

Salmonella Enteritidis is a frequent agent of fowl typhoid

True

The clinical signs of fowl paratyphoid can be seen mainly in adult hens

False

Fowl paratyphoid is a generalized disease with septicemia

True

Isolation of the agent of fowl paratyphoid from the parenchymal organs results in etiological diagnosis

True

Yersinia enterocolitica can infect pigs

True

Diarrhea is a common clinical sign of yersiniosis in pigs

True

The agent of yersiniosis cannot be cultured, PCR is the only way of its detection

False

Yersiniosis is a zoonosis

True

Capsule is a virulence factor of Pasteurella multocida

True

Leukotoxin is produced by the majority of Pasteurella multocida

False

Pasteurella multocida can cause disease only in ruminants

False

Pasteurella multocida is the agent of haemorrhagic septicaemia of cattle

True

Respiratory pasteurellosis has been already eradicated in Europe

False

Mannheimia haemolytica is a causative agent of respiratory pasteurellosis

True

Transportation is a predisposing factor of respiratory pasteurellosis of cattle.

True

There are no vaccines for the prevention of respiratory pasteurellosis of cattle

False

Acute systemic pasteurellosis is caused by Bibersteinia trehalosi

True

Acute systemic pasteurellosis typically occurs in 3-12 months old small ruminants

True

Bacterium emboli are responsible for the clinical signs and lesions of acute systemic pasteurellosis

True

Fibrinous pneumonia is the main post mortem lesion of acute systemic pasteurellosis

False

Actinobacillus equuli is the causative agent of equine actinobacillosis

True

Shortage of colostrum can predispose foals to actinobacillosis

True

Central nervous clinical signs are typical in the case of actinobacillosis of foals

False

Abscesses in the kidney are typical post mortem lesions of actinobacillosis of foals

True

Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia of swine is caused by Actinobacillus suis

False

Cytotoxins are produced by the agent of porcine Actinobacillus pneumonia

True

Lesions of porcine Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia are mainly seen in the diaphragmatic lobe

True

Only live attenuated vaccines are used for the prevention of porcine actinobacillosis

False

Brucella are introduced in a herd with infected animals

True

Brucella colonize the lymph nodes in young calves

True

Brucella abortus can colonize only cattle

False

Retention of fetal membrane is common in the case of brucellosis

True

Brucellosis of sheep caused by B. ovis is zoonosis

False

Epididymitis and orchitis are the main signs of brucellosis of sheep caused by B. ovis

True

Sometimes abortion can be seen in the case of brucellosis of sheep caused by B. ovis

True

Brucellosis of sheep caused by B. ovis is generally treated with tetracyclines

False

Canine brucellosis is a zoonotic disease

True

Brucella suis is a zoonotic agent

True

Vaccination against bovine brucellosis is common in EU

False

Dog and cat can carry and shed Brucella species

True

Mycobacteria are not resistant, they can survive in the environment for maximum of two days

False

Mycobacterium tuberculosis can cause tuberculosis only in humans

False

Mycobacterium caprae can cause tuberculosis in cattle

True

Facultative pathogenic mycobacteria can cause tuberculosis in fishes

True

If in the intradermal tuberculin test the increase of the thickness of the skin fold is: Increased by 3.2 mm and there are no local reactions, the test is negative

False

If in the intradermal tuberculin test the increase of the thickness of the skin fold is: Increased by 1.8 and there are no local reactions, the test is negative

True

If in the intradermal tuberculin test the increase of the thickness of the skin fold is: Increased by 4.2 mm and there are no local reactions, the test is negative

False

If in the intradermal tuberculin test the increase of the thickness of the skin fold is: Increased by 4.2 mm and there are local reactions, the test is negative

False

Mycobacterium bovis can cause generalized tuberculosis in pigs

True

Mycobacterium tuberculosis can cause generalized tuberculosis in pigs

True

Only Mycobacterium avium subsp. Avium can infect birds

False

Avian tuberculosis has been eradicated in Europe

False

Rhodococcus equi can cause pneumonia in 1-3 years old foals

False

Interstitial pneumonia is the main lesion caused by Rhodococcus equi in foals

False

Pneumonia caused by Rhodococcus equi can be successfully treated with colistin

False

Rhodococcus equi can cause lesions in humans

True

Endotoxin is a virulence factor of Escherichia coli

True

Enterotoxins and fimbria are virulence factors enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains

True

Verotoxins are virulence factors of septicemic Escherichia coli strains

False

Enterotoxins are virulence factor enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains

False

Edema disease is caused by verotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains

True

Edema disease can occur at any age

False

Weaning is a predisposing factor of edema disease

True

Vaccination of the sows is widely used in order to prevent edema disease

False

Necrobacillosis is caused by Dichelobacter nodosus

False

Foot rot is the main sign of Necrobacillosis

False

Navel infection can result in Necrobacillosis in sheep

True

Lesions of Necrobacillosis are frequently seen on the oral mucosa

True

Salmonellosis can cause disease in calves between 2-6 weeks

True

Cattle are mainly infected per os with salmonellae

True

Diarrhea without fever is a typical clinical sign of bovine salmonellosis

False

Arthritis can be seen in the case of chronic salmonellosis of cattle

True

Salmonella Typhimurium can frequently cause salmonellosis in sheep

True

Salmonella Abortusovis can cause abortion in sheep

True

Salmonella Abortusovis can frequently cause orchitis in rams

False

Mixing old and young pregnant ewes is a predisposing factor of ovine abortion

True

Swine paratyphoid is a chronic disease

False

Salmonella Choleraesuis can cause swine paratyphoid

True

Swine paratyphoid is most frequent among suckling piglets

False

High fever is a typical clinical sign of swine paratyphoid

True

Fowl typhoid can mainly be seen in large scale farms nowadays

False

Germinative infection can happen in the case of fowl typhoid

True

Fowl typhoid is caused by Salmonella avium

False

The agent of fowl typhoid is shed in the faces in high number

True

Yersiniosis of rodents can be caused by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis

True

Carrier animals shed the agent of yersiniosis in the faeces

True

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis can cause severe pleuropneumonia in rodents

False

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis can infect humans

True

Leukotoxin is a virulence factor of Mannheimia haemolytica

True

Mannheimia haemolytica can cause disease mainly in ruminants

True

Bibersteinia trehalosi can infect ruminants

True

Pasteurellaceae are resistant bacteria, they remain viable for a long time in the soil

False

Exhausting work is a predisposing factor of hemorrhagic septicemia

True

The morbidity of hemorrhagic septicemia is high

True

The clinical signs of hemorrhagic septicemia are caused by the dermonecrotoxin of the agent

False

There are no vaccines for the prevention of hemorrhagic septicemia

False

Atrophic rhinitis is caused by Mannheimia haemolytica

False

The endotoxin of the agent is responsible for the clinical signs and lesions of atrophic rhinitis

False

Atrophy of the turbinates is a lesion of atrophic rhinitis

True

There are no vaccines for the prevention of atrophic rhinitis

False

Actinobacillus lignieresii is the causative agent of bovine actinobacillosis

True

Bovine actinobacillosis is an acute or per-acute disease

False

Dry rough feed can predispose animals to bovine actinobacillosis

True

Bovine actinobacillosis is a zoonosis

False

Porcine polyserositis is caused by Haemophilus suis

False

Porcine polyserositis is mainly seen in 1-2 months old piglets

True

Transportation can be a predisposing factor of porcine polyserositis

True

Hypersensitivity is a clinical sign of porcine polyscrositis

True

Brucella are facultative pathogens

False

Cattle are mainly infected with Brucella sexually

Flase

Cattle brucellosis is a self-limiting disease

True

Brucellosis of cattle is mainly limited to the genital tract only

False

Brucella melitensis is endemic in the Mediterranean area

True

Self-limiting nature of brucellosis caused by Brucella melitensis is strong

True

Focal necrosis and inflammation are seen in fetuses aborted due to Brucella

True

Humans are resistant to Brucella melitensis

False

Raw milk consumption can be the source of human brucellosi

False

Brucella canis is not a zoonotic agent

False

Vaccination against brucellosis is common in the EU

True

Attenuated vaccine strains can cause abortion in pregnant animals

True

Mycobacterium suis is the most frequent agent of tuberculosis of pigs

False

Facultative pathogenic mycobacteria can colonize the gut of pigs

True

Sometimes facultative pathogenic mycobacteria cause lesions in pigs

True

Mycobacterium tuberculosis cannot cause tuberculosis in pigs

False

Avian tuberculosis can be typically seen in old, adult birds

True

Avian tuberculosis is a generalized disease

True

Mycobacterium tuberculosis can cause clinical signs in some bird species

True

The agent of avian tuberculosis cannot survive in the environment, its resistance is low

False

Paratuberculosis occurs mainly in the tropical and subtropical countries

False

Paratuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis

True

The agent of paratuberculosis is shed in the faces and milk

True

The clinical signs of paratuberculosis are more severe in sheep than cattle

False

Hard, stinging feed predisposes cattle to actinomycosis

True

In the case of bovine actinomycosis the lesions are localized in the udder

False

Wounds on the udder predispose swine to actinomycosis

True

Actinomycosis is mainly an acute disease

False

There is no germinative infection in the case of Escherichia coli in poultry

False

Mycoplasma can predispose chicken to Escherichia coli infection

True

Escherichia coli can cause only local lessons in chicken, it cannot be generalized

False

Omphalitis is a frequent post mortem lesion of Escherichia coli disease in poultry

False

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains are the main causative agents of coli-diarrhea in weaned pigs

True

Mainly viral infections predispose weaned piglets to coli-diarrhea

False

Edema formation is the main clinical sign of coli-diarrhea of weaned piglets

False

Increasing the fiber content of the feed can reduce the losses of coli-diarrhea in weaned pigs

True

Toxins are the main virulence factors of Dichelobacter nodosus

False

Warm and wet climate predispose animals to foot rot

True

The hoof wall can can be detached in the case of foot rot

True

There are no vaccines to prevent foot rot

False

Salmonella Typhimurium can cause salmonellosis in sheep

True

Fever and diarrhea are frequent clinical signs of ovine salmonellosis

True

Abortion can be a clinical sign of ovine salmonellosis

True

EHV-1 virus can predispose mares to salmonella-abortion

True

Swine paratyphoid typically occurs in neonatal piglets, in the first week of life

False

High fever is a typical sign of swine paratyphoid

True

Typhlocolitis of pigs are mainly caused by Salmonella Typhimurium

True

In the case of Typhlocolitis swine the agent can be isolated from the liver in large number

False

Fowl typhoid is caused by Salmonella Avium

False

The agent of fowl typhoid infects birds only per os

False

There is no germinative infection in the case of fowl typhoid

False

Omphalitis is a clinical sign and lesion of fowl typhoid

True

All salmonella serotypes can cause disease in humans

False

Poultry meat and eggs are common source of human salmonella infections

True

Salmonella generally cause gastroenteritis in humans

True

In the case of diarrhea caused by salmonella in humans, penicillin treatment is recommended

False

Yersinia pestis has been eradicated from the Earth

False

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis can cause disease in hares

True

Infection caused by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is always limited to the gut

False

Only rodents are susceptible to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis

Fasle

Buffalos and cattle are the most susceptible species to hemorrhagic septicemia

True

Hemorrhagic septicemia is mainly seen in 1-2 months old animals

False

Bleeding is the most typical clinical sign of hemorrhagic septicemia

False

Hemorrhagic septicemia can be prevented with vaccination

True

Mannheimia haemolytica is an agent of bovine respiratory pasteurellosis

True

Mycoplasmas can predispose cattle to respiratory pasteurellosis

True

The lesions of bovine respiratory pasteurellosis are generally seen in the diaphragmatic lobes

False

There are no vaccines for the prevention of bovine respiratory pasteurellosis

False

Anatipestifer disease is caused by Pasteurella multocida

False

The clinical signs of Anatipestifer disease are more severe in Turkey than water fowl

False

The agent of Anatipestifer disease causes septicemia

True

Ataxia and spasms are frequent clinical signs of Anatipestifer disease

True

Infectious coryza of hens is caused by Avibacterium paragallinarum

True

The agent of infectious coryza can survive in water for a few days

True

The germinative infection is very important in the case of infections coryza

False

Sinusitis is an important sign of infectious coryza

True

Taylorella equigenitalis mainly causes septicemia in horses

False

Clinical signs caused by Taylorella equigenitalis can mainly be seen in young foals

False

Vaginal discharge is a common clinical sign of Taylorella equigenitalis infection

True

The clinical signs of Taylorella equigenitalis infection are more severe in males than females

False

Brucella melitensis can infect only goats

False

All Brucella species are red when stained with the Köster method

False

There is close antigenic relationship between B. melitensis and B. ovis

False

Hares are hosts of B. abortus biotype 2

False

Antibodies against Brucella melitensis can be detected in small ruminants all over Europe

False

Brucella abortus can be carried and shed by dogs and cats

True

Brucella abortus can cause abortion wave in a cattle herd, when it is newly introduced

True

Fetus, fetal membranes and blood sample of the cow have to be sent to the diagnostic institute in case of abortions

True

Antibodies against Brucella abortus are detected in the ABR test

True

Male calves may be vaccinated with vaccines containing live attenuated strains, without any side effects

False

Brucella suis can infect only pigs

False

Rev-1. vaccine can cause abortion of pregnant animals

True

Mindterm 4 (3) Flashcards

(320 cards)