MISC - Cancer medicine Flashcards

1
Q

describe the biology of a cancer cell

A
  • Transformation from a cell of origin
  • Acquisition of invasive properties
  • Activation of cellular proliferative signals
  • Abrogation of cell cycle control
  • Up-regulation of angiogenesis
  • Further clonal evolution

Cancer may be:

  • localised
  • locally advanced
  • metastatic
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2
Q

describe the principles of diagnosis and staging in cancer patients

A

Imaging and Pathology

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3
Q

describe the (3) principles of treating cancer patients

A

•Local therapies (e.g. breast lesion)
–Surgery
–Radiotherapy

•Systemic therapies (e.g. metastatic cancer)
–Chemotherapy
–Hormone therapy
–Immunotherapy
–Molecular therapy

•Clinical Trials

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4
Q

define the difference between treatment with curative intent and palliative intent

A

Curative intent for Curable cancers
- Tolerate significant toxicity (even mortality) for chemo etc

Palliative intent for incurable cancers. Emphasis on QOL.
- Toxicity not tolerated

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5
Q

Name (3) screenings for cancer

A

Pap smears, Mammography and Faecal occult blood

Ongoing controversies: prostate, lung

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6
Q

(2) general Prevention of cancer

A

Smoking cessation and Sun smart

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7
Q

Describe roles of adjuvant treatment

A
  • Breast / Colon / Lung / Sarcomas
  • Reduces the risk of local recurrence
  • Reduces the risk of systemic recurrence
  • Improves overall survival
  • Finite therapy
  • Large numbers of patients treated for some individuals to benefit
  • Tolerate some toxicity
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8
Q

What is the molecular target in CML/GIST? Treatment?

A

Bcr-Abl

Rx: Glivec

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9
Q

What is the molecular target in LUNG cancer? Treatment?

A

Anti-EGFR

Rx: Iressa

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10
Q

What is the molecular target in COLON cancer? Treatment?

A

VEGFRi

Rx: Bevacizumab

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11
Q

What is the molecular target in RENAL cancer? Treatment?

A

VEGFRi

Rx: Sunitinib

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12
Q

What is the molecular target in BREAST cancer? Treatment?

A

Her-2

Rx: Herceptin

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13
Q

What is the molecular target in LYMPHOMA cancer? Treatment?

A

Anti-CD20

Rx: Mabthera

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14
Q

What is the molecular target in MELANOMA cancer? Treatment?

A

B-Rafi

Rx: Vemurafinib

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