module 2: theories of development Flashcards
(13 cards)
What is biological psychology
Biological Psychology is concerned with understanding the role that genetic inheritance plays in a child’s development.
when is the germinal period
approximately day 1 to day 14
what is the germinal period
And on the very first day of gestation, this is when the egg is fertilized. So we call that day one, and by the second day, the single cell zygote is beginning to divide, and then between day three and 14, the cell is traveling down. The cells are traveling down the fallopian tube to the uterus, where they then attach to the uterine wall. Between days five and seven of life, there is a lot of cell growth, and so by around day 14, there’s approximately 16 cells
what is the embryonic period
During week three of gestation, the embryo develops three layers, the ectoderm, the mesoderm and the endoderm. And in the weeks that follow in this embryonic period, these layers develop in different ways.
what are the three layers which the embryo develops into during the embryonic period
the ectoderm begins to fold from the outer layer and form the neural tube. In the mesoderm, the most central layer, the heart, is beginning to form. And in the endoderm, in between that and around the heart, the lungs are beginning to form, and also the gastrointestinal tract, the eyes are also beginning to develop during these week this week as well.
what is the period of weeks in which the embryonic period occurs
weeks 3 to 8
what occurs during weeks 5 to 8 of the embryonic period
From week five, we start to see some of the external features developing so the ears, the mouth and the throat and the arm and the leg buds as well. And the heart is also dividing into the two regions, which will become the chambers, and the brain is also differentiating, as well, into the forebrain, the midbrain and the hindbrain. By six to eight weeks, we begin to see some sexual differentiation occurring
what is the fetal stage of development
The fetal stage of development refers to the period from week nine of gestation all the way up to birth. So full term birth is generally 37 weeks plus earlier than that is preterm birth
when does it change from embryo to foetus
Prior to nine weeks, we refer to the developing baby as the embryo. From around week nine - as the foetus begins to develop bone tissue, we start to refer to the developing baby as the foetus.
influences on prenatal development
alcohol, rubella, lead or mercury poisoning, stress
what are teratogens
the substance or environmental influences that can interfere with or permanently damage embryo growth
what are the issues that aboriginal mothers face during pregnancy
maternal health and wellbeing, substance abuse, racism - increases stress creates higher rates of preterm birth and low birthweight, barriers to accessing care, nutrition and lifestyle
