Flashcards in (Mostly) Sexually Transmitted Diseases Deck (121)
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1
Treponema pallidum is commonly referred to as...
Syphilis
2
Describe the structure of Treponema pallidum
Long, thin spirochete
- Unseen in light microscope, seen by silver stain
3
What type of microscope can view Treponema pallidum?
Dark Field Microscope
4
What surrounds every Treponema pallidum cell?
Glycosaminoglycan sheath
5
How is Treponema pallidum made motile?
Endoflagella within the periplasm (3 per end)
6
What is unique about Treponema pallidum's envelope?
No LPS
Cardiolipin in membrane
7
Does Treponema pallidum have many outer membrane proteins? Significance of this knowledge?
Few OM proteins
Makes it hard for immune system to find it and make Abs
8
Method used to culture Treponema pallidum?
None. So far unculturable in lab
Grown in rabbit testes instead
9
Oxygen metabolism of Treponema pallidum?
Microaerophilic
10
What is a chancre?
Defined, Unpainful papule at site of infection
11
Describe the symptoms common to Primary Treponema pallidum infection.
Ulcerated, Chancre, Regional LN swelling
Heals spontaneously, but organisms remain in blood
12
Describe the clinical presentation of secondary Treponema pallidum infection.
Red macular/macropapular rash anywhere
Condylomas in mount areas
13
What is unique about the red macular/macropapular rash of Treponema pallidum?
One of few to appear on soles and palms
14
What is a condyloma?
Raised, White, wart-like papule (seen in Treponema pallidum)
15
Difference between the early and late latent period?
Early -- Within a year of secondary
Late -- 1-20+ years
16
What is tertiary Treponema pallidum response?
Lesions of tissues through body caused by immune response
17
Why can't you culture a tertiary Treponema pallidum response?
Treponema pallidum hasn't been able to be cultured so far
Even if it could, its only immune response at this point, not the actual bacteria
18
Important causes of vertically transmitted disease
Toxoplasma
Other -- HIV, Coxsackie, Chicken Pox, etc.
Rubella
Cytamegalovieus
HErpes
Syphilis
19
Clinical presentation of tertiary Treponema pallidum response?
Gummas
Bones: porous, bendable, fragile
Heart: aorta swells, ruptures
liver
CNS
20
Two manifectstions of Treponema pallidum in the CNS
Brain -- General paresis
Spine -- tabes dorsalis
21
Significance of Treponema pallidum in pregnant women?
20% abortion or stillbirth
80% have congenital defects
22
Primary defects associated with Treponema pallidum transmission in utero? (Name the group name)
Hutchison's triad
23
What does Hutchison's Triad entail?
Blindness
VIII Nerve Deafness
Hutchison's Teeth
24
What are Hutchison's Teeth?
Double pointed incisors
25
What organisms can carry Treponema pallidum?
Only humans
26
How is Treponema pallidum transmitted?
Exclusively STD
27
How long are infected individuals contagious with Treponema pallidum?
3-5 years
28
What population is seeing the most rapid increases in Treponema pallidum diagnosis?
Over 50
29
Two groups that should always be tested for Treponema pallidum
High-Risk Populations
After any stillbirth
30
