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msk1 Flashcards

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1
Q

3rd pharyngeal pouch

A

inferir parathyroids

thymus

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2
Q

immune defiency associwthe w infectioun following live vaccines

A

deficiences of T cell mediated immunity

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3
Q

Graft vs host disease organs

A

liver , skin , GI tract

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4
Q

gvhd

A

graft T cell sensitizioatn against host MHC antigens

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5
Q

Lambert eaton myasthenic syndrome most often involves the

A

legs

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6
Q

neuropsych disturbances in which muscle disroder

A

fibromyaliga

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7
Q

soft tissue tendrenss in

A

fibromyalgia

NOT POLYMYALGIA rheuamtica

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8
Q

fat cell in a fibrous capsule

A

lipomas

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9
Q

clonal proliferation of benign melanocytes

A

congenital melanocytic nevi

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10
Q

failure of involution of mammary ridge

A

accessory nipple

hyperpigmentation, raised; epidermal thickening

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11
Q

hypergranulosis seen in

A

lichen planus

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12
Q

thickening of spinosum

A

acanthosis

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13
Q

thickening of stratum spinosum and stratum corneum produce what type of plaques

A

raised scaly plaques

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14
Q

deep brachial artery

A

radial nerve (foreram extensors)

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15
Q

medain nerve damage affects what artery

A

brachial artery

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16
Q

pain popping on external rotation mcmurray test

A

medial meniscal tear

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17
Q

excessive medail space widening of tibia; given a valgus force

A

MCL

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18
Q

excessive prodcution of mineralized bone

A

osteosarc`oma

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19
Q

frontal bossing seen in

A

achrondoplasia
and
rickets
however ricktes have decreased muscle tone causing lateral femoral and tibial bowing (genu varum)

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20
Q

foreign body causes what type of inlammation

A

granulomatous inflammation

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21
Q

triad of fibrous dysplasia (multiple osteolytic appearing lesions of hip and pelvis), endocrine abnormalities, and irregular cafe au lait spots suggests diagnosis of

A

McCune Albright syndrome

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22
Q

mccune albright syndrome: mutation causing

A

constitutive activatio nof G protein/Camp/adneylase cyclase causing gain of fucntion: Gs activity in mealoncytes : causing Cafe au lait macules (large, unilateral irregular border

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23
Q

endocrine abnormalities in mccune albright

A

precocious puberty, thyrotoxics, acromegaly

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24
Q

cafe au lait macules are what shaped

A

smaller, bilateral and smooth border

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25
definition of heteroplasmy
different mitochondrial genomes within a single cell
26
what type of cells are langerhans cells
dendritic cells | derived from myeloid line
27
color of cavernous hemangiomas
soft blue
28
in contrast to bony enlargmeent in OA, involved joints in RA have
active synovitis, w warmth and spongy swelling
29
sitting up from supine position involes what muscles
external abdominal obliques, rectus abdominis, hip flexors (psoas) rectus femoris, sartorius, tensor fascial lata, flex as well
30
fever, pruiritic skin rash, arthalgia 7-14 days after exposure to antigen
serum sickness
31
fibrinoid necoriss with neturophil infiltration
serum sickness (type III HSR - immune complex deposiotn)
32
acute serum sickness is what type of hsr
type 3
33
drug induced hyperesntiivity
type 3
34
charactersitic finding of type 3 hypersenstiviey seru m sickness
Low serum C3 and C4 levels
35
college quarterback: blow to arm whe ntackled mid throw
blow when externally rotated, abducted anterior dislocation of humerus flatting deltoid, protrusion of prominence
36
disseminated herpes simplex infection seen in
immunocompromised patietns
37
erythema multiforme is what type of process
cell mediated, Cd8+ lymphocytes
38
superior displacement of medial fragment of clavicle
SCM
39
inferior displacment of lateral fragment of clavicle
weight of arm and pec major
40
how do glucocorticoids cause osteoporsisi
``` decrease GI absorption of calcium, inhibit collagen syntehsis b y osteoblstst decrease gnrh (leading to hypogoandsim< and increase urinary calcium loss ```
41
GH deficeincy affects which bones
long and flat bones | unlike just long bones in achrondoplasia which also has midface hypoplsaia, macrocepahly
42
exaggerated INHIBITION of chrondocyte proliferation
FGFR3
43
which melanoma is associated with multinucleated giant melanocytes
lentigo maligna melanoma
44
mutation in gene responsible for myelin syntehssi in child
charco marie tooth disease
45
follwoing drug hypersentivity; | urticaria: raised erytehmatous plaques wheals caused by ig3 mediated degrnaulation of mast cells
urticaria
46
edema of superficial dermis
urticaria
47
abnormal narrowing of spinal canal occuring most commonly in lumbar region
spinal stenosis
48
neurogenic claudication
spinal stenosis
49
extension of lumbar spine (standing walking uprigh narrows spinal canla worsens symptoms
spinal stenossi
50
walking uphill/leaning on stroller / shopping cart: lumbar flexion reliees pain
spinal stenosis
51
spinal stenosi causes narorwing of spinal canal due to intervertebral disc herniation, ligamentum flavum _____
ligamentum flavum hypertrophy, | and osteophyte formation affecting facet joints
52
latissimus dorsi innervated by
thoracodorsal nerve primary function: extension adduction medial rotation of humerus
53
poor melanin formation in melaoncytes
albinism
54
melanosome aggregates within cytoplasm of melanocytes
cafe au lait spots
55
LEMS vs MG | hyporeflexia, areflexia, autonomic symptoms (dry mouth, imptoence),
LEMS
56
rotates the scapula upward
serratus anterior
57
ige mediated degranulation vs ige independent mast cell activation
independent: following meds, including opioids, radiocontrast agents, antiboitics (vancomycin) ige mediated: environmental exposures suchas foods or vespid stings
58
serum sickness is 7-14 days after
ige medaited/independnt 1 hour after
59
overuse injury of secondary ossficiation center of tibial tubercle
osgood schlatter disase | common cause of knee pain in young adolescent athletes
60
osgood schlatter causes insertion of what on to what
patella on to tibial tuberosity. repertive quad contraction: OSgood schallter chronic avusion: causes proximal patellar tendon to separte
61
separation of medial and lateral condyles of tibia
anterior intercondylar area
62
carpal tunnel defined by carpal bones on dorsal surface and ___ on volar surface
transverse carpal ligament
63
carpel tunnel contains
tendons of Flexor digitorum profundus + superficialis | flexor pollicis longus
64
piriformis passes through
greater sciatic foramen sciatic nerve cross below pirfiromis muscle
65
piriforms does what
external hip rotation
66
muscle injury or hypertrophy can compress sciatic nerve: sciatica: piriformis syndorme
sciatica: pain tingling numbness in buttocks along nervedistirubtion
67
passes through lesser sciatic foramen and inserts on greater trochanter of femur
obturator internus
68
evert foot
superifical peroneal nerve
69
dorsiflexion of foot | toe extension
deep peroneal nerve
70
loss of dorsal foot sensation
injury to commmon peroneal nerve
71
loss of sensation at medial aspect of leg
saphenous nerve
72
actin contain fibroblasts
myofibroblasts
73
increased MMP and actin contain fibroblasts related to
contracture
74
inadequte vascularizaiton during healing
ulceration
75
wound dehiscne
rupturuing of preivous closed wound | insufficent granulatio and scar tissue
76
strong Th1 mediated response
Il2, ifn gamma, il 12 seen in tuberculoid m. leprae symptoms: small number of hypopigmented well damracted skin palques; decreased sensation
77
more disseminated veriso of m. lepare is what repsosne
th2: il4, il5, il10; leprotamous leprosy
78
pt's with strong cd4 th1 immune repsone will have indurated nodule in lepromin skin test
tuberculoid leprsoy
79
leprotamous leprsy tests negative to
lepromins kin test due to weak th1 mediatec cell immune repsone
80
medial band like calcifciations
monckeberg medial calcific scelrosis
81
multinucleated cells w intranuclear inclusiosn
vzv
82
eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions
molluscum bodies
83
in churg struss mononeuritis multiplex is common
asysmettic multifocal neuropahty due to vasculitis affeting epinerual vessels

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