msk2

Question 1

bluish tumor under nail bed

Answer 1

glomus tumor or subungual melanoma (pigmentation)

Question 2

suprapatellar bursitis vs prepatellar bursitsi

Answer 2

repetiiive anterior knee truam: prepatellar bursitis: prolonged kneeling

suprapatellar bursitis: running; prolonged quad activity

Question 3

tartrate resistant acid phosphatase, urianry hydroxyproline , urinary deoxypyridinoloine measure

Answer 3

osteoclastic activity

Question 4

inability to extend knee against gravity

Answer 4

patellar fracture

mvc, landing on feet after falling from height

Question 5

excessive joint widening on valgus stress

Answer 5

mcl

Question 6

inability to flex knee against resistance

Answer 6

hamstring muscles injury

biceps femors, semitendinosus, semimebmranonuss, gracilis, gastrocnemisu, sartorisu

Question 7

impingement bw acromion and head of humerus affects

Answer 7

supraspinatus tendon

Question 8

impaired osteoid production by osteoblasts

Answer 8

osteogenesis imperfecta

type i collage is present in osteoid (organic portion of bone matrix)

Question 9

impaired bone remodeling

Answer 9

osteopetrosis

defective osteoclasts

Question 10

lateral ankle sprain

Answer 10

anteirot talofibular ligament

Question 11

lateral epicondylitis is caused by overuse of

Answer 11

extensor carpi radialis brevis

Question 12

extensor carpi radialis brevis and extesnor digitorum are involved in wrist

Answer 12

extension

Question 13

overuse of abductor pollicus longus and brevis lead to de quervain tenosynovitis causing thumb and

Answer 13

wrist flexion pain

Question 14

parvovirus b19 in adults

Answer 14

symmetric polyarthitis involivn pip, metacarpal knee and ankle joints

arthritis is self limited and non destructive

Question 15

adult osteomyelitis

Answer 15

epiphysis

common spreading is vertebral body

Question 16

supracondylar fractures resulting in anterolateral displacement of proximal

Answer 16

radial nerve

Question 17

supracondylar fractures resulting in anteromedial displacement of proximal fracture

Answer 17

cause median nerve and brachial artery (pulseless hand) damage

Question 18

osteocytes remain connected to each other by

Answer 18

gap junctions

send signals to and exchange nutrients and waste products w osteocytes wihtin neighboring lamella via gap junctions

Question 19

chronic lymphedema (From axillary lymph node dissection) predisopses to a

Answer 19

angiosarcoma (stewart reves syndrome)

Question 20

forcibly exhaling against closed glottis

Answer 20

valsalva

Question 21

deforimty of long bones w hearing loss

Answer 21

paget’s

Question 22

osteoclasts origniate from hematopoietic progeniotr cells. macrophage csolony stimualting factor and RANKL play a role

Answer 22

in onsteoclast differentiatoin

Question 23

mulinucleated mature cell

Answer 23

osteoclast ( havev up to 100 nuclei)

Question 24

fgf’s induce proliferation of

Answer 24

ostebolastic precurosr cells

Question 25

drug induced vasculitist

Answer 25

cutaneous small vessel vasculitis | penicillins, cephalosporins, sulfonamdies, phentyoin, allopurinol

Question 26

cutaneous small vesse lvasculitis features

Answer 26

nonblanching palpable purpura. histo: perivascualr inflammation of small blood vessels w fibrinoid neucrosis and predominance of neutrophils and fragmented neutrophilic nuclei (leukocytoclastic vasculitits)

Question 27

absorbed in upper dermis ; contribute to sunburn and increase risk of malignancy

Answer 27

UVB

Question 28

penetrate deeper into skin and cause photoaging

Answer 28

UVA : produces ROS

Question 29

UVA produces ROS that decresase

Answer 29

collagen fibril production and along w upregulation of MMP (including collageneases) that degrade type I and 3 collagen and elastin

Question 30

photoaging

Answer 30

graudal thinning of epidermis rete ridges at dermoepidermal junction become flattened crosslinking of collagen

Question 31

innervates lateral leg and dorsum of foot

Answer 31

superifical peroneal nerve

Question 32

the skin bw great toe and second toe

Answer 32

deep peroneal nerve

Question 33

why do ecchymoses not blanch

Answer 33

rbc not containted within vasculature

Question 34

attaches to anterior portion of intercondylar tibia

Answer 34

ACL

Question 35

attachest to posterior portion of intercondylar tibia

Answer 35

PCL

Question 36

pain from sharp pull on hand while forearm is pronated and elbow is extended

Answer 36

radial head subluxation (nursemaid 's elbow) | injiry to annular ligament

Question 37

radial head subluxation

Answer 37

injury to annular ligament

Question 38

prostatic plexus innervates

Answer 38

corpus cavernosum

Question 39

prostatectomy or injury to prostatic plexus can cause

Answer 39

erectile dysfunction

Question 40

incompelte degernation of central portion of fibrous tissue band connecting walls of vagina

Answer 40

imperforate hymen

Question 41

presenting signs of imperforate hymen

Answer 41

primary amenorrhea, normal sedondary sex characeerisitics w cyclic abdominal or pelvic pain due to accumulation of menstrual blood in vagina and uterus (hematocolpos)

Question 42

mass palpated anterior to recutm

Answer 42

imperforate hymen