neuro2

Question 1

Wilson disease: cystic degneration of

Answer 1

putamen
lentiform nucleus (glubs palldius and putamen)

Question 2

finger abduction and adduction other than thumb

Answer 2

ulnar nerve

solely thumb adduction

Question 3

wrist adduction

Answer 3

ulnar nerve

Question 4

runs thorugh GUyon’s canal

Answer 4

ulnar nerve

Question 5

elbow flexion

Answer 5

musculateocutaneous nerve

Question 6

wrist abduction

Answer 6

median nerve

Question 7

p53 is on chormosome

Answer 7

17

Question 8

right eye field generates conjugate gaze movements to the

Answer 8

left

Question 9

pupillary reflexes normal in lesion to lgn and optic radiation

Answer 9

true

Question 10

contralateral hemiblaism

Answer 10

damage to subthalamic nucelus

commmonly in lacunar stroke

Question 11

loss of sensation to lateral shoulder

Answer 11

damage to axillary nerve

Question 12

weakness of shoulder abduction due to denervation of deltoid muscle

Answer 12

axillary nerve

Question 13

sequential impusles from same neuron oaver time

Answer 13

temporal summation

Question 14

combined effect of simulatenous impulses from several different neurons

Answer 14

spatial summation

Question 15

using a screwdriver

Answer 15

radial nerve injury: repetiive pronation / supination

Question 16

where wouuld repetpive prnoantion and supinatnion injrue

Answer 16

radial nerve thorugh supinator canal

Question 17

injury when radial nerve travels through supintaror canal

Answer 17

finger and thumb extension weaknese without wrist drop or sensory deficits

Question 18

injury to radial nerve at axilla

Answer 18

weakness of forearm, hand, and finger extensor muscles (wrist drop, absent triceps reflex) w sensory loss over posterior arm , forearm, dorsolateral hand

Question 19

injury to radial nerve at midshaft humerus

Answer 19

weakness of hand/ finger extensor muscles with sparing of triceps brachii and sensory loss over posterior forearm/dorsolateral hand

Question 20

diabaetic mononeuropathy involves which CN

Answer 20

3

Question 21

diabetic mononeuropathy spares

Answer 21

parasymp fibers: so normal pupilliaryy size nd reactivity. accomodaotion reflexes are noraml

Question 22

congenital hydrocephauls ; prone to develop

Answer 22

muscle hypertonicity
hyperreflexia
from UMN injury caused by stretching of pervientricular pyramidal tracts

Question 23

microglial nodules seen in

Answer 23

MS and HIV encephalopathy

Question 24

negri bodies

Answer 24

viral inclusions in cytoplasm of nerve cells in pt’s with rabies

Question 25

blurred vision | fatigue w exercise

Answer 25

fatigue w exercise is unthoff's phenomeon MS

Question 26

perivenular inflammatory infiltrates

Answer 26

MS

Question 27

optic tract lesions cause a relative afferent pupillary deficit in the pupil

Answer 27

contralateral to tract lesion, as nasal portion of retina contributes more input to pretectal nucleus than temporal part of retina

Question 28

arcuate scotomoas damage to

Answer 28

particular region of optic nerve head

Question 29

posterior displacement of tongue

Answer 29

glossoptosis see in pierre roin sequence

Question 30

failure of fusion of secondary palate w primary palate

Answer 30

cleft palate

Question 31

absent triceps reflex

Answer 31

radial nerve

Question 32

crutch palsy

Answer 32

radial nerve

Question 33

which nerve mediates the afferent limb of teh cough reflex above vocal cords

Answer 33

internal laryngeal nerve

Question 34

internal larygneal nerve is a branch of the

Answer 34

vagus cn 10

Question 35

foreign bodies lodged in piriform recess damage the

Answer 35

internal larygneal nerve

Question 36

which artery causes amaursosi fugax

Answer 36

ophthatlimc artery

Question 37

hypertensive retinal hemorrageh (flame shaped hemorraghe, cotton wool spots, av nicking

Answer 37

painless unilateral visual disturbances | range from mild obscuration w.o. loss of vsiual acuity to permanent blindness

Question 38

cholesterol crystals; calcified cysts

Answer 38

craniopharyngiomas

Question 39

slit like white matter cavitiies w surrounding gliosis

Answer 39

lacunar infarctions

Question 40

anterior nasal septum contains what plexus

Answer 40

kiesselbach plexus

Question 41

most common site of nasal polyps

Answer 41

middle meatus

Question 42

alzheimre most pronounced in

Answer 42

temporoparietal lobes and hippocampus

Question 43

increased volume and pressure of endolymph in vesitnbular apparatus

Answer 43

meniere disease (vertigo, tinnnitus, sensorinueural hearing loss)

Question 44

optiaml site for femoral nerve block

Answer 44

inguinal crease | at lataeral border of femoral artery

Question 45

intraventricular hemorraghe is complication of

Answer 45

prematurity

Question 46

intraventircular hemorraghe in newborn originates from the

Answer 46

germinal matrix a highly cellular and vascularized layer in subventricular zone from which neurons and glial cells migrate out during brain development.

Question 47

high frequency hearing loss

Answer 47

organ of corti damage | specifically to stereociliated hair cellws

Question 48

white pupillary reflex what cancer

Answer 48

retinoblastoma

Question 49

nf1 and ataxia telangiectasia increaes developemnt of what blood cancer

Answer 49

ALL

Question 50

attached to dura mater

Answer 50

meningiomas

Question 51

damage to brainstem at or below level of red nucleus (midbrain tegmentum, pons)

Answer 51

decerebrate (extensor posturing)

Question 52

damage to neural structures above red nucleus (cerebral hemisphere, internal capsule)

Answer 52

decroticate (flexor) posturing due to loss of descending inhbition of red nucleus and subseuqntly hyperactivity of upper limb flexors

Question 53

posteiror part of external audtiory canal innervated by

Answer 53

small auricular branch of vagus nerve

Question 54

if you stimulate external audtiory canal by otoscope can cause

Answer 54

vasovagal syncope | prasymp outflow leads to decreaesd HR and BP

Question 55

bednign forward or lifting objects young obese women pappiledema

Answer 55

pseudotumor cerebri headaches vaslavla; bending down, coughin

Question 56

increased ICP in pseduotumor cerebri compress optic nerve resulting in

Answer 56

impaired axoplasmic flow and optic disc edema

Question 57

chorioidal infalmmation

Answer 57

postiero uveitis

Question 58

cricothyrotomy incision passes thorugh

Answer 58

superior cervical fascia | pretracheal fascia, cricothyroid membrane

Question 59

voluntary breathing unaffected in

Answer 59

brain stem lesion

Question 60

median nerve courses bw humeral and ulnar heads of pronator teres muscle and then runs between

Answer 60

flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus muscle before crossign wrist wtihin carpal tunnel

Question 61

lies bw flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor digitorum profundus

Answer 61

ulnar nerve

Question 62

squamous cell debris that form a round pearly mass behind tympanic membrane in middle ear

Answer 62

cholesteatomas

Question 63

choleasteatomas cause hearing lsos due to erosion into

Answer 63

auditory ossicles | Conductive hearing loss

Question 64

ulcerated plaque or nodule in ear canal

Answer 64

scc

Question 65

increased volume and pressure of endolymph (endolymph hydrops) in inner ear

Answer 65

meniere disease

Question 66

inflammation of vestibular nerve | single episode that can last days

Answer 66

labyrinthitis (usually occurs after single episode followign viral episode)

Question 67

sclerosis of ossicles

Answer 67

otoscelrosis: commonly in middle age | no vertigo

Question 68

unilateral sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus; recurrent vertigo; increased pressure and volume of endolymph

Answer 68

meniere disease

Question 69

benign paroxsymal positional vertigo

Answer 69

otoliths in semicuruclar canals brief episodes of vertiogo borught by head movement no auditory symptoms