Musculoskeletal: Orthotics & Prosthetics

Question 0

Metal AFO

Answer 0

Two metal uprights, calf band, mechanical ankle joint and shoe
Locked or limited ant/post motion

Question 1

Foot Orthotic

Answer 1

Semirigid or rigid insert
Correct foot alignment
Improve function
May reduce pain
Custom made

Question 2

Plastic AFO

Answer 2

Cast mold of patient’s LE in subtalar neutral
More cosmetic, lighter
Edema must be controlled
Footplate added to reduce tone

Question 3

Solid AFO

Answer 3

Trim line anterior to malleoli
Control DF/PF and INV/EV
90 degrees or articulating ankle allows tibia to advance in mid-late stance

Question 4

Posterior Leaf Spring

Answer 4

Plastic AFO with trim line posterior to malleoli
Assists with DF and preventing foot drop
Requires patient med/lat control.

Question 5

Floor Reaction AFO

Answer 5

Assists with knee extension in stance with calf band and/or ankle positioning

Question 6

AFO Indications

Answer 6

Peripheral neuropathy
Nerve lesions
Hemiplegia

Question 7

Metal KAFO

Answer 7

Two metal uprights from foot/shoe to calf and thigh bands
Allow locking mechanism at the knee
Ankle held in proper alignment

Question 8

Plastic KAFO

Answer 8

Plastic thigh shell connected to plastic AFO by two metal uprights med/lat to knee
Allow locking mechanism at the knee
Ankle held in proper alignment

Question 9

Craig-Scott KAFO

Answer 9

Designed for paraplegia

Allows one to stand with posterior trunk lean

Question 10

HKAFO

Answer 10

Bilateral KAFOs with extension to hip joints and pelvic band
Can control hip rotation, abd/add
Heavy and restricts to swing-to or swing-through gait pattern

Question 11

Reciprocating Gait Orthosis (RGO)

Answer 11

HKAFO derivative with cable system that advances one LE after patient shifts their weight to the other LE
Mainly for paraplegia

Question 12

Parapodium

Answer 12

Prefab standing frame allowing patient to sit when needed
Ambulation by shifting weight and rocking base across floor
Mainly for pediatrics.

Question 13

Corset

Answer 13

Fabric, may have metal uprights for abdominal compression and support
Provide pressure, relieve pain in mid/low back pathology

Question 14

Halo Vest Orthosis

Answer 14

Full restriction of all cervical motion
4 pins from ring into skull
Cervical SCI
Worn until spine becomes stable

Question 15

Milwaukee Orthosis

Answer 15

Correct scoliotic curvature
Custom
Pelvis to upper chest
Corrective padding to areas of severity of the curve

Question 16

Taylor Brace

Answer 16

TLSO limiting trunk flexion and extension

3-point control design

Question 17

TLSO

Answer 17

Custom TLSO prevents all trunk motion
Rigid plastic shell of bivalve style using straps/Velcro
Mainly post-surgical.

Question 18

Forequarter (Scapulothoracic)

Answer 18

Amputation of entire UE including the shoulder girdle

Question 19

Shoulder Disarticulation

Answer 19

Amputation of UE through the shoulder

Question 20

Transhumeral

Answer 20

Amputation of UE proximal to the elbow

Question 21

Elbow Disarticulation

Answer 21

Amputation of UE through the elbow

Question 22

Transradial

Answer 22

Amputation of UE distal to the elbow

Question 23

Wrist Disarticulation

Answer 23

Amputation of the hand through the wrist

Question 24

Partial Hand

Answer 24

Amputation of portion of the hand and/or digits at transarpal, transmetacarpal, or transphalageal level

Question 25

Digit Amputation

Answer 25

Amputation of digit at MCP, PIP, or DIP level

Question 26

Hemicorporectomy

Answer 26

Amputation of entire pelvis and both LEs

Question 27

Hemipelvectomy

Answer 27

Amputation of half of the pelvis and the LE

Question 28

Hip Disarticulation

Answer 28

Amputation of LE from the pelvis

Question 29

Teansfemoral

Answer 29

Amputation of LE proximal to the knee

Question 30

Knee Disarticulation

Answer 30

Amputation of LE through the knee joint

Question 31

Transtibial

Answer 31

Amputation of LE distal to the knee

Question 32

Syme's

Answer 32

Amputation of the ankle including the malleoli

Question 33

Chopart's

Answer 33

Amputation of the foot at the midtarsal joint

Question 34

Transmetatarsal

Answer 34

Amputation of the foot at the midsection of the metatarsals