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Jeck reviewer > natssci > Flashcards

natssci Flashcards

1
Q

the scientific theory that describes the large scale motions of earth’s crust

A

Plate Tectonics

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2
Q

THE HYPOTHESIS THAT EARTH’S CONTINENT WERE ONCE ALL ONE AND THEN DRIFTED APART

A

CONTINENTAL DRIFT HYPOTHESIS

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3
Q

ARE THE EDGES WHERE TwO PLATES MEET

A

PLATE BOUNDERIES

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4
Q

PLATES MOVES AWAY TOWARD EACH OTHER

A

DIVERGENT PLATE

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5
Q

PLATE MOVE TOWARD EACH OTHER

A

CONVERGENT PLATE

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6
Q

PLATE SLIP PAST EACH OTHER

A

TRANSFORM PLATE

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7
Q
  • the initial breakdown of glucose into an intermediate compound. It takes
    place in the cell’s cytoplasm and does not require oxygen
A

Glycolysis

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8
Q
  • the partial breakdown of pyruvic acid which is produced during glycolysisby enzyme action in the absemce of oxygen
A

. Fermentation

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9
Q
  • during this process, all the remaining carbon is removed as carbon dioxide
    and hydrogen ions are also given up.
A

. Krebs cycle

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10
Q

. - the main producer of ATP, through the use of molecular
oxygen.

A

Electron transfer system

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11
Q

is an increase in the amount of living material
in a plant of animal.

A

GROWTH

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12
Q

The series of changes a living thing undergoes in
attaining its final form is called

A

DEVELOPMENT

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13
Q

Heat from the mantle raises material to the surface while sinking cold materials below

A

MANTLE CONVECTION

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14
Q

The older rocks at the edges of the plate are subducted to the bottom along the edge of the continental plate.

A

SLAB PULL

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15
Q

Gravitational push on the elevated ridge caused at the divergent boundaries

A

RIDGE
PUSH

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16
Q
  • caused by magma movement associated with volcanic activity
A

Volcanic earthquake

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17
Q
  • caused by abrupt slipping of the tectonic plates
A

Tectonic earthquake

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18
Q

Point of impact; underground origin of the earthquake.

A

HYPOCENTER

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19
Q

Surface impact; part of the surface where directly above the hypocenter

A

EPICENTER

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20
Q

Shocks before the plates abruptly slip past one another

A

FORESHOCK

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21
Q

Actual shock caused by the abrupt slip of tectonic plates

A

MAINSHOCK

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22
Q

Shocks following the mainshock, caused by rearranging of rocks

A

AFTERSHOCK

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23
Q

is the smallest planet and the closest to the
Sun. It has an extremely thin atmosphere so surface
temperatures range from very hot to very cold

A

Mercury

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24
Q

has a very thick, corrosive atmosphere,
and the surface temperature is extremely high

A

Venus

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25
Q

is the only planet known to have
life. Conditions on Earth are ideal for life!

A

Earth

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26
Q

is red because of rust in its soil.

A

Mars

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27
Q

is the largest planet in the solar
system.

A

Jupiter

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28
Q

has a large system of beautiful
rings.

A

Saturn

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29
Q

is tilted on its side, probably due to a
collision with a large object in the distant past

A

Uranus

30
Q

is very cold and has very strong
winds.

A

Neptune

31
Q
  • All are solid, dense, and rocky. None of the
    have rings. Compared to the outer planets, the are small. They
    have shorter orbits around the Sun and they spin more slowly.
A

INNER PLANETS

32
Q

— Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune — are all gas
giants made mostly of hydrogen and helium. Their thick outer layers are gases and have liquid interiors

A

outer planets

33
Q

is the outermost part of the earth and is very thin compared to the
other layers.

A

crust

34
Q

is composed of mafic magma that erupts on the seafloor to create
basalt lava flows or cools deeper down to create the intrusive igneous rock
gabbro

A

Oceanic crust

35
Q

is made up of many different types of igneous, metamorphic,
and sedimentary rocks.

A

Continental crust

36
Q

lies between Earth’s dense, super heated core and its thin outer layer, the crust. is divided into two layers: the upper mantle and the lower mantle. It is made up of silicate rich iron and magnesium.

A

mantle

37
Q

. Heat is transferred through rapid collisions of atoms, which can
only happen if the material is solid. Heat flows from warmer to cooler places until
all are the same temperature.

A

Conduction:

38
Q

: If a material is able to move, even if it moves very slowly,
convection currents can form.

A

Convection

39
Q

It is an individual living being that has
the ability to act or function
independently. It may be a plant, animal
or microorganism

A

ORGANISM

40
Q

A is composed of a
number of individuals of the same
species occupying a defined space.

A

population

41
Q

Composed of all the populations of various
speciesa that live in a definite but limited area
and where members have attained a certain
state of stability.

A

COMMUNITY

42
Q

is the basic unit of ecology. By definition it consists
of all the organisms and the abiotic pools
(quantities) with which they interact

A

ECOSYSTEM

43
Q
  • land based ecosystem- it includes habitats such
    as forest and grassland.
A

Terrestrial ecosystem

44
Q
  • include habitats such as lakes, rivers, estruaries and oceans.
A

Aquatic ecosystem

45
Q

a shaking or trembling of
the earth that is either
volcanic or tectonic in origin

A

earthquake

46
Q

It’s used to measure the
size of an earthquake

A

magnitude

47
Q

Represented by Roman numerals I
through X, intensity marks how much
damage was done on the earth’s
surface, structures, and humans.

A

intensity

48
Q

Also called the hypocenter, this is where the
earthquake originated from – underground
or on the fault zone

A

focus

49
Q
  • an opening, or rupture, in the surface or
    crust of the Earth which allows hot lava, volcanic
    ash and gases to escape from the magma chamber
    below the surface
A

Volcanoes

50
Q

is one which is recently erupted and there is a
possibility that it may erupt soon.

A

active volcano

51
Q

is one that has not erupted in a long time but there is
a possibility it can erupt in the future.

A

dormant volcano

52
Q

is one which has erupted thousands of years ago and
there’s no possibility of an eruption

A

Extinct volcano

53
Q

are a type of volcano in
which the lava eruptions through a linear
volcanic vent.

A

Fissure vents

54
Q

are volcanoes shaped like a
bowl or shield in the middle with long gentle
slopes made by basaltic lava flows

A

Shield volcanoes

55
Q

are formed when erupting lava is too
thick to flow and makes a steep-sided mound as
the lava piles up near the volcanic vent

A

Lava domes

56
Q
  • are the most violent and
    complex class of volanoes
A

SUPERVOLCANOES

57
Q

invariably kill their prey
and do so more or less
immediately after
attacking them. They
consume several or many
prey items in the course of
their life.

A

TRUE PREDATOR

58
Q

Attack several or many prey items
in the course of their life; and
consume only part of each prey
item. They do not usually kill their
prey, especially in the short term.

A

GRAZERS

59
Q

Consume only part of each prey item
(usually called their host); Do not
usually kill their prey, especially in
the short term; Attack one or very few
prey items in the course of their life,
with which they therefore often form
a relatively intimate association.

A

PARASITES

60
Q

are flies and wasps
whose larvae consume their insect
larva host from within, having been
laid there as an egg by their
mother

A

Parasitoids

61
Q

moves throughout its habitat and find its prey. That means actively
foraging predators are characterized by their frequent wandering movements.

A

searching predator

62
Q

A predator waits or remains still for long periods to capture its preyas it appears before them.

A

sit and-wait predator

63
Q

is a relationship in whihc organism, the commensal,
benefits from another organism, the host.

A

COMMENSALISM

64
Q

is an interaction in which two organisms depend upon each
other.

A

MUTUALISM

65
Q

, one organism, the parasite is completely dependent at some
point in its life cycle upon a host organism.

A

parasitism

66
Q

addresses the interactions between organisms and their environment as an integrated system

A

ECOSYSTEM ECOLOGY

67
Q

—series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten

A

Food Chain

68
Q

—network of food chains within an ecosystem

A

Food Web

69
Q

Organisms that rely on other organisms for their energy and food supply

B. Also called heterotrophs

A

CONSUMERS

70
Q

—a network of food chains within an ecosystem

A

Food Web

Jeck reviewer (16 decks)

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