dbms

Question 1

➢ Are factual information such as
measurements or statistics about
objects and concepts. We use it for
discussions or as a part of a
calculation.

Answer 1

Data

Question 2

➢ Is an organized collection of data,
typically stored in electronic
format. It allows you to input,
organize and retrieve data quickly.

Answer 2

Database

Question 3

• It is representation of some aspect of
  the real world.
• Is logical, coherent and internally
  consistent.
• Is designed, built and populated with
  data for specific purpose.

Answer 3

Properties of Database

Question 4

➢ Is a collection of programs that
enables users to create and
maintain databases and control all
access to them.

Answer 4

Database Management System

Question 5

➢ Is a programming language used
by all relational databases to
query, manipulate and define data
and to provide access control.

Answer 5

SQL Database

Question 6

➢ Is a database designed to allow for
scalable data storage that can
handle. Compared to other
databases, NoSQL databases don’t
use tabular relationships

Answer 6

NoSQL Database

Question 7

Programming Apps:

Answer 7

▪ mongoDB
▪ redis
▪ Cassandra

Question 8

➢ Were used during 1970s-1990s.
This is a type of database system
that stores data in a single file or
table.
➢ Are basically text files, where
every line contains one records
and fields either have fixed
lengths or are separated with
commas, whitespaces and tabs.

Answer 8

Flat Files

Question 9

➢ Were used in during the same era
stored data hierarchically arranged
manner.
o One-to-many Relationship

Answer 9

Hierarchical Database Systems

Question 10

➢ Were introduced by Charles
Bachmann.
➢ Unlike hierarchical database
model, this database allows
multiple parent and child
relationships.

Answer 10

Network Databases

Question 11

➢ In this database system, data is
stored in tables. The columns of
the table hold attributes of the
data. Each record usually has a
value for each attribute, making it
easy to establish the relationships
between data points

Answer 11

Relational Database System

Question 12

➢ Unlike relational databases,
object-oriented databases work in
the framework of real
programming languages like Java
and C++, for example.

Answer 12

Object-oriented databases

Question 13

• represents a realworld object such an
  employee or a project.

Answer 13

Entity

Question 14

– represents an
o association among entities.

Answer 14

Relationship

Question 15

• Represents
  data as
  relations, or
  tables.

Answer 15

Relational Data
Models

Question 16

• Represents
  data as record
  types.

Answer 16

Network Data Models

Question 17

• Represents as
  a hierarchical
  tree structure

Answer 17

Hierarchical Data
Models

Question 18

o Is a framework for
organizing, storing and
managing data.

Answer 18

Data Structures

Question 19

– typically work with
predefined queries and
switchboard commands, but also
use query languages to access
stored data.

Answer 19

Users

Question 20

concerned with data security and
integrity preventing unauthorized
access, providing backup and
recovery, audit trails, maintaining
the database and supporting user
needs.

Answer 20

Database Administrators –

Question 21

A DBMS can support several
related information systems that
provide input to, and require
specific data form the DBMS.

Answer 21

Related Information Systems –

Question 22

controls database operations,
including storing, retrieving,
updating and deleting data.

Answer 22

Data Manipulation Language –

Question 23

– the complete definition
of database, including
descriptions of all fields, tables,
and relationships

Answer 23

Schema

Question 24

– is
also known as a data library or
data archive. This is a general
term to refer to a data set isolated
to be mined for data reporting and
analysis.

Answer 24

Physical Data Repository

Question 25

– is person, place, thing or event for which data is collected and maintained.

Answer 25

Entity

Question 26

– contains a set of related records that store data about a specific entity

Answer 26

Table or file

Question 27

– also called an attribute, is a single characteristic or fact about entity

Answer 27

Field

Question 28

– also called tuple (rhymes with couple), is a set of related fields that describes once instance, or occurrence, of an entity, such as one customer, one order or one product.

Answer 28

Record

Question 29

– a field or combination of fields that uniquely and minimally identifies particular member of an entity

Answer 29

. Primary Key

Question 30

– Any field that could serve as a primary key

Answer 30

Candidate Key

Question 31

– A common field that exists in more than one table and can be used to form a relationship, or link, between the tables

Answer 31

Foreign Key

Question 32

– A field or combination of fields that can be used to access or retrieve records.

Answer 32

Secondary Key

Question 33

– a set of rules that avoids data inconsistency and quality problems.

Answer 33

Referential Integrity

Question 34

– abbreviated 1:1, exists when exactly one of the second entity occurs for each instance of the first entity.

Answer 34

One-to-one

Question 35

– abbreviated 1:M, exists when one occurrence of the first entity can relate to many instances of the second entity, but each instance of the second entity can associate with only one instance of the first entity.

Answer 35

One-to-many

Question 36

– abbreviated M:N, exists when one instance of the first entity can relate to many instances if the second entity, and one instance of the second entity can relate to many instances of the first entity.

Answer 36

Many-to-many

Question 37

➢ Describes the numeric relationship between two entities and shows how instances of one entity relate to instances of another entity.

Answer 37

Cardinality

Question 38

- is the process of creating table designs by assigning specific fields or attributes to each table in database. o It involves applying set of rules that can help you identify and correct inherent problems and complexities in your table designs.

Answer 38

Normalization

Question 39

o Starts with the name of the table, followed by a parenthetical expression that contains the field names separated by commas

Answer 39

Standard Notation Format

Question 40

o Is a set of one or more fields that can occur any number of times in a single record, with each occurrence having different values.

Answer 40

Repeating Group

Question 41

– an integrated of collected data that can include seemingly unrelated information, no matter where it is stored in the company.

Answer 41

Data Warehousing

Question 42

– looks for meaningful data patterns and relationships in large amounts of data.

Answer 42

. Data Mining

Question 43

– refers to data that a user can view, understand, and access, regardless of how or where that information actually is organized or stored

Answer 43

Logical Storage

Question 44

– is strictly hardware-related because it involves the process of reading and writing binary data to physical media such as a hard drive, CD-ROM, or networkbased storage device.

Answer 44

Physical Storage

Question 45

➢ A data model in which the data is organized in relations (tables). This is the model implemented in most modern database management systems.

Answer 45

Relational Model

Question 46

➢ Pertaining to or constituting a relationship between nodes in a tree data structure in which parent is one step closer to the root (that is, one level higher) than the child.

Answer 46

Parent/child Relationship

Question 47

➢ Is a collection of related data stored in centralized location or repository. ➢ Typically hosted and managed using a relational database management system (RDBMS)

Answer 47

Relational Database

Question 48

➢ Is a graphical representation of a database design.

Answer 48

Entity-Relationship Diagram

Question 49

– is the process of designing databases.

Answer 49

Data modelling

Question 50

– establishes entities, attributes and relationships.

Answer 50

Conceptual Design

Question 51

– defines the structure of data elements and establishes relationship among data elements. o It adds a layer of detail to the conceptual design by defining the columns of data that need to be included with each entity

Answer 51

Logical Design

Question 52

– describes database-specific implementation details and provides a blueprint for the relational database. o Includes additional details about each column within an entity.

Answer 52

Physical Design

Question 53

Combines data into a single table to remove external relationships and dependencies. Though this approach can speed up SQL queries, it also very often results in redundant or duplicated data throughout the database.

Answer 53

Denormalization