Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

ex phis > neuron transmitters > Flashcards

neuron transmitters Flashcards

(55 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

central nervous system

A

brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

peripheral nervous system

A

sensory (afferent) and motor (efferent)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

afferent

A

arrives at the central nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

efferent

A

exit the central nervous system
-motor: outgoing
-effect treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

autonomic

A

sympathetic and parasympathetic
-involuntary to viscera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

somatic

A

voluntary to skeletal muscles
alpha motor neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

sympathetic

A

stress
fight or flight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

parasympathetic

A

peace
rest and digest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

neuron

A

the basic structural unit of the nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

3 autonomical regions of a neuron

A

dendrites, cell body, axon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

axon terminals

A

NMJ (ach is released here)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

dendrites

A

receivers
-beginning of neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

cell body

A

contains nucleus
-cell processes radiate out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

axon

A

axon terminals
-senders/ transmitters
end of neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

motor neuron (efferent, somatic)

A

dendrites (spinal cord) cell body (soma) axon (spinal cord), axon terminals (NMJ)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

NMJ formation

A
  1. motor neuron axon
  2. axon terminal
  3. synapse
  4. motor end plate
  5. sarcolemma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

motor end plate

A

receives ach
-initiates an AP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

ICF

A

greater amounts of potassium than sodium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

ECF

A

greater amounts of sodium than potassium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

resting membrane potential

A

the difference in electrical between outside and inside of cell (polaried)
- more positive charges (Na + & K+) in ECF)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what means it is polarized

A

-70 mV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what causes the resting membrane potential

A

caused by the uneven separation of positively charged ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

at rest, K and NA channels allow more K outside and combined with Na already there, big (+) charge _____

Study These Flashcards
A

relative to the inside (-70 mV)

24
Q

how is RMP maintained

Study These Flashcards
A

greater membrane K+ permeability
-K+ channels are open at rest allowing it to leak out causing a higher (+) charge outside than inside

25
how is RMP maintained?
greater membrane K+ permeability -K+ channels are open at rest allowing it to leak out causing a higher (+) charge outside than inside
26
Na+ channels are ____ open at rest
NOT -these channels allow more K+ outside and combined with Na+ already there, big + charge relative to inside
27
sodium-potassium pump
3 Na+ OUT of cell for every 2 K+ INTO the cell -uses ATPase to perform job
28
what is the most active in bringing re-polarized cell back to RMP
sodium-potassium pump
29
polarization
changes in membrane permeability to Na and K+ rmp = -70mV
30
depolarization
to get the muscle contraction
31
characteristics of depolarization
More Na+ channels open -greater + charge collecting in ICF -relative difference between ECF and ICF becomes increasingly less negative and then positive
32
-70 mV ---- 0 mV ---- +20 mV
depolarization
33
threshold of _____ must be reached for
-55 for action potential to happen
34
hyperdepolarization
more K channels open -greater (+) charge collecting in ECF -relative difference between ECF and ICF increasingly negative
35
polarized membrane =
Na+ inside cell and K+ outside of cell (-70)
36
repolarization membrane
k+ outside of the cell and Na+ inside of the cell (-70)
37
neural impulse order
polarized membrane (-70) to -55 to + number depolarization threshold (Na+ rushes in then K+ begin to open) repolarization (back to threshold then K+ channels close, then hyperpolarization
38
graded potential
A change in the electrical potential on the membrane of an excitable cell (e.g. a nerve cell) in response to a stimulus, and where the magnitude of change is proportional to the strength of the stimulus
39
-70 to -55 mV: depolarizing GP, =
Na+ influx
40
-55 to +30 mV: depolarizing AP,
Na+ influx
41
after repolarization K+ and Na+ have to be re-distributed
Na+ - K+ pump
42
how do we get back from repolarized to RMP
have to get K+ back into ICF and Na+ into ECF
43
absolute refractory period
-during depolarization -neuron unable to respond to another stimulus -Na+ channels already open
44
relative refractory period
during repolarization -neuron responds only to very strong stimulus -K+ channels open (Na+ closed)
45
speed of propagation down an axon is due to
1. myelin - fatty sheath around an axon (Schwann cells) 2. axon diameter = larger =faster
46
axon diameter
type 11x is the largest type 11a is moderate type 1 is smallest
47
pre-synaptic cell = motor neuron
ap arrives at axon terminal ap causes influx voltage-gated Ca+ channels to open Ca+ accumulates in ICF causing ACH efflux
48
Postsynaptic cell = muscle fiber
ach binds to the receptor at the motor end plate causes depolarization ap moves along plasmalemma down tubules repolarization of plasmalemma return to RMP of plasmalemma
49
atp is used in 3 different ways during muscular contraction
1. myosin 2. Na+ K+ pump 3. SR and Ca+ pump
50
mechanisms size and strength
increase in muscle size and altered neural control
51
neural factors affecting the strength (SCARR)
1. synchronizing of motor units 2. coactivation of agonist and antagonist muscles 3. autogenic inhibitions 4. recruitment of motor units 5. rate coding of motor units
52
synchronizing of motor units
may allow strength gains
53
coactivation of agonist and antagonist muscle
reduced coactivation may lead to strength gains
54
autogenic inhibitions
reflex inhibition of a motor neuron in repone to excessive tension in the muscle fiber supplies -can override in emergency
55
recruitment
more motor units are recruited due to increased neural drive to alpha motor neuron

ex phis (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions