Neurotransmission + CNS drug action

Question 1

describe the difference between electrical and chemical synapses

Answer 1

electrical = dendrite - dendrite
chemical = axon + dendrite

Question 2

what are the amine neurotransmitters

Answer 2

5HT, NA, dopamine, Histamine

Question 3

which neurotransmitters main pathways are
raphe nucleus
locus coeruleus
basalis of Maynert

Answer 3

5HT
NA
Ach

Question 4

Name the 2 dopamine pathways and the diseases that correspond

Answer 4

1) nigrostralial path - parkinsons
2) mesolimbic and mesocortical - schizophrenia
3) tuberoinfundibular path

Question 5

Name the two types of neurotransmitter receptors

Answer 5

ligand gated ion channels

g protein coupled receptors

Question 6

Give 2 examples of ion channel neurotransmittor receptors

Answer 6

GABA - ligand gated. pentameric - allosteric change opens CL- channels
NMDA - glutamate big ion channel.

Question 7

name the co-transmitter for NMDA receptor

Answer 7

glycine

Question 8

describe the mechanism of a G protein coupled receptor using the example of adrenoceptor a1,a2,b2

Answer 8

B2 causes GTP bind to GS receptor releasing GDP . binding causing increased camp production.
A2 causes GTP to bind to a GI receptor releasing GDP. this causes decreased camp production.
A1 - increases intracellular ca2+ GQ receptor

Question 9

2 benefits to g protein coupled receptors

Answer 9

signal amplification

one NT can have multiple effects depending on the receptor.

Question 10

describe somatodendritic autoreceptors and terminal autorecceptors

Answer 10

SD - turn down rate of APs

T - turns down release of NT

Question 11

name a drug that acts on each of the following:
1- synthesis
2 - metabolising 
3- release 
4- termination

Answer 11

1 - L DOPA
2 - MAOIs
3 - amphetamines
4 - TCA

Question 12

Action of cocaine

Answer 12

NA and DA reuptake inhibitor

Question 13

What do neurotransmitter reuptake transporters swap neurotransmitters for

Answer 13

Na+ and Cl-