Nucleic Acids and Transciption Flashcards
(16 cards)
What is the role of DNA in the body?
Code to make proteins
Which part of a nucleotide is variable?
R group
What are the nitrogenous bases in DNA?
Adenine and thymine
Cytosine and guanine
What is transcription?
Creation of mRNA copy from the DNA template
What is translation?
Decoding the mRNA to synthesise a poly peptide chain, with help from the tRNA
What is a codon?
A group of 3 nucleotide pairs
What problem will the body have if it didn’t produce mRNA?
No DNA code to be carried to the ribosomes
What problem will the body have if it didn’t produce rRNA?
No ribosomes formed, no polypeptides, no proteins
What problem will the body have if it didn’t produce tRNA?
No amine acids
What gives each amino acid a different property?
R group/ variable
If the wrong amino acid was placed in a polypeptide, what might it affect the shape of a protein?
Incorrect folding
What is an intron?
Non coding
What is an extron?
Coding
What is the process of transcription?
Two DNA strands separate
One strand used to produce RNA chain
RNA polymerase catalyses the reaction
What is mRNA splicing?
Removal of adenines of introns and joining of extrons
What is the role of RNA polymerase?
Joins nucleotides across sugar phosphate backbone along the DNA template
