Nutrition

Question 1

why is nutrition important

Answer 1

growth, metabolic functions, development, immunity

Question 2

what are the phases of child growth and what leads them

Answer 2

infant (nutrient led)
child (growth hormone led)
pubertal (sex steroid led)

Question 3

what are LRNI, EAR and RNI

Answer 3

LRNI- lower reference nutrient intake (sufficient for 3% of pop)
EAR- estimated average requirement (half will need more, half will need less)
RNI-reference nutrient intake (sufficient for 97% of pop)

Question 4

what is the reference intake of protein when infant

Answer 4

4 months 12.7g to 14.5g at 18 months

population usually exceeds this

Question 5

what determines energy reference at 0-12 months

Answer 5

energy deposited in new tissue plus total energy expenditure

Question 6

what determines energy reference at 1-18 years

Answer 6

TTE+ BMR+ physical activity level

Question 7

what vitamin are infants most commonly deficient in

Answer 7

vitamin

Question 8

what vitamin supplements should be taken by children and breastfeeding mothers

Answer 8

from 6 months all children consuming <500mls/d of infant should take vit A,C and D supplements

breastfeed babies should get vit D by 2 weeks old (its already added to formula milk)

breastfeeding mothers should take vit D

Question 9

how much salt should infants have

Answer 9

<400mg up till 12 months then <800mg to 3 years

scottish children eat too much salt

Question 10

what the breastfeeding recommendations

Answer 10

exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first six months of an infants life

Question 11

when should transition from breast milk to complementary foods start

Answer 11

6 months - breast milk still main type of milk consumed

Question 12

what type of cows milk should children get when weaning

Answer 12

full fat milk can be gradually introduced as a drink from 12 months
semi skimmed not given before 12 months
skimmed not given before 5 years

Question 13

what is the advice for complementary foods

Answer 13

gluten free if under 6 months, sugar and salt not added, foods that cause allergies should be introduced one at a time, iron rich foods regularly, avoid whole nuts and seeds until 5 years

Question 14

what does late weaning cause

Answer 14

growth and development difficulties and delays

Question 15

when should you start brushing your teeth

Answer 15

as soon as teeth appear

Question 16

what can early weaning increase chance of

Answer 16

obesity