PALS

Question 1

Heart rate ranges for pediatrics…

Answer 1

Newborn to 3 months 85 to 205 3 months to 2 years 100 to 190 2 years to 10 years 60 to 140 >10 years 60 to 100

Question 2

Respiratory rate ranges for pediatrics…

Answer 2

Infant 30 to 60 Toddler 24 to 40 Preschooler 22 to 34 School-aged child 18 to 30 Adolescent 12 to 16

Question 3

What is the age ranges for pediatrics?

Answer 3

Infant Toddler Preschooler School-aged child Adolescent

Question 4

APGAR scoring

Answer 4

Appearance Pulse Grimacing Activity Respirations 0 to 2 with a total = 10 for a high score

Question 5

D.O.P.E

Answer 5

Dislodged Obstruction Pneumonthroxic E

Question 6

An unstable child with a low BP and SVT, the treatment is…

Answer 6

immediately synchronized cardioversion.

Question 7

Defibrillation dosage for a pediatric patient is…

Answer 7

2 to 4 joules/kg.

Question 8

A heart of

Answer 8

non-perfusing. Chest compressions should be initiated immediately.

Question 9

Hypovolemic or Compensated Shock? 7 year old male, unconscious, P 136 R 40 BP 68/40

Answer 9

Hypovolemic Shock (low BP)

Question 10

Hypovolemic or Compensated Shock? 8 year old female, sepsis, P 124 R 30 BP 90/50

Answer 10

Compensated Shock (tachycardia, tachypnea, normal BP)

Question 11

Hypovolemic or Compensated Shock? 6 year old female, anaphylaxis, P 128 R 34 BP 74/50

Answer 11

Hypovolemic Shock (low BP)

Question 12

Hypovolemic or Compensated Shock? 5 year old female, N/V, P 120 R 30 BP 70/52

Answer 12

Hypovoemic Shock (low BP)

Question 13

parynchemal tissue disease

Answer 13

pneumonia

Question 14

Fever, cough and the chronic onset of SOB

Answer 14

pneumonia

Question 15

Drug of choose to increase heart rate in children…

Answer 15

is 0.01 mg/kg of 1:10,000 epinephrine.

Question 16

Asthma is a…

Answer 16

lower airway obstruction.

Question 17

Stridor indicates a…

Answer 17

upper airway obstruction.

Question 18

What indicates the need for needle decompression?

Answer 18

Tension pneumothorax only. SOB, decreased lung sounds and chest pain all can indicated pneumothorax, not specifically indicate tension pneumothorax or the need for needle decompression.

Question 19

Common finds with compensated shock are…

Answer 19

normal mental status, increased respiratory rate, and delayed capillary refill time with a normal BP are all common finding in compensated shock.

Question 20

How can the normal blood pressure by found of a child?

Answer 20

By adding 2 times the age in years to 70. A 3-year old’s BP should = 76 SBP

Question 21

Oxygen saturation of less than ___ is the marker of respiratory failure for PALS.

Answer 21

90%

Question 22

Decorticate posturing presents as…

Answer 22

stiff with bent arms, clenched fists, and legs held out straight. The arms are bent in toward the body and the wrists and fingers are bent and held on the chest. This type of posturing is a sign of severe damage in the brain. Decorticate posturing may indicate the need for hyperventilation.

Question 23

Synchronized cardioversion dosage for Peds is…

Answer 23

0.5-1 joule per kg.

Question 24

Tension pneumothorax indicators are…

Answer 24

absent lung sound, low saturation, and hypotension.

Question 25

Two rescuer pediatric CPR ratio is...

Answer 25

15:2

Question 26

One rescuer pediatric CPR ratio is...

Answer 26

30:2

Question 27

An example of disordered control of breathing is...

Answer 27

status seizures.

Question 28

Lower airway obstruction orders are...

Answer 28

asthma and bronchitis.

Question 29

Pneumonia is classified as...

Answer 29

parynchemal tissue disease.

Question 30

At what point of the assessment should blood glucose be recorded?

Answer 30

Tertiary assessment, after completing the history and physical exam.

Question 31

Pusle less electrical activity...

Answer 31

is a rhythm that results from an organized rhythm with no mechanical response.

Question 32

Chest compressions are not started until the heart rate drops below ____ bpm.

Answer 32

60

Question 33

The gold standard of intubation confirmation is...

Answer 33

wavefrom capnography.

Question 34

What are the dosage and the indications for aminodarone administration to a pediatic patient?

Answer 34

Administer 5 mg/kg of amiodarone for wide complex tachycardia (220 and greater) to a stable patient.

Question 35

Steps to take with a 6-month child who has an obstructed airway from a foreign body?

Answer 35

The first step would be back blows followed by chest compressions. finger sweeps and abdominal thrusts are not appropriate steps.

Question 36

An unstable patient with narrow complex tachycardia unconverted by the first dose of a 1 joule/kg. What is the next step?

Answer 36

Cardiovert at 2 joules/kg.

Question 37

What is the correct drug for bradycardia induced by a vagal response?

Answer 37

Atropine. Epinephrine is typically used to treat bradycardia in children, but the vagal response presents a special circumstance.