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Stuff Thats Would Be Cool To Remember > Parasites micro justus > Flashcards

Parasites micro justus Flashcards

1
Q

characteristics of entAmoeba histolytica

A

trophozoite

cyst: 1-4 nuclei

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2
Q

transmission of Entamoeba hsitolytica

A

fecal oral

oral anal

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3
Q

Pathogenese of Entamoeba hsitolytica

A
  1. cyst ingestion
  2. reaches stomach and forms trophozoite
  3. replicates
  4. attaches to hot cell via GalNac
  5. local necrosis via cytotoxins
  6. invades intestine walls and eats RBCs
  7. dissemination to secondary organs (liver and lung)
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4
Q

how does entamoeba hytolitcia attache to host cell?

A

GalNac addhesion protein

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5
Q

virulence factors of Entamoeba histolytica

A
  1. GalNac
  2. Cystine kinase (cytolysis)
  3. Pholspholipase A (cystolysis)
  4. collagensase
  5. hyaluronidase
  6. elastase
  7. RNase
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6
Q

diseases caused by Entamoeba Histolytica

A
  1. intestinal amebiasis

2. extra intestinal amebiasis

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7
Q

what is intestinal amebiasis?

A 
amebiasis dysentery:
invasive inflammatory diarrhea 
ulcerations 
bloody 
pus
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8
Q

what are the extra intestinal manifestations of Entamoeba histolytica?

A

access formation in right liver lobe

ulcers that can brake and casue peritonitis

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9
Q

diagnosis if Entamoeba histoltitca?

A
  1. fecal antigen test O&P
  2. ELSIA
  3. flask shaped ulcers in colon
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10
Q

treatment of Entamoeba

A

METROnidazole
paromoMYCINE
idoloquinol (Queen idol)

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11
Q

differente between Entamoeba Histolytia and Coli?

A

Coli: part of normal flora, often confused as Hsitolytica on O&P, has MORE Nuceli usually, doesn’t ingest RBC!

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12
Q

characteristic structure of Giardia trophozoite?

A
  1. kite shaped
  2. bi nucleated
  3. 4 flagella
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13
Q

transmission of Giardia lambilia and intestinalis

A 
fecal oral (bad water)
oral anal sex
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14
Q

pathogeneiss of Giardia lambilia and intestinalis

A
  1. ingestion of cysts (min. 10-25)
  2. arrives in duodenum
  3. Tunis in to trophozoite
  4. multiplicates
  5. attachment to duodenal wall non invasive via sucking disk
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15
Q

how many cysts needed to infection of Giardia lambilia and intestinalis?

A

MIN. 10-25 which is not many…. very infective

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16
Q

disease caused b Giardia lambilia and intestinalis

A

50% asymptomatic
-foulsmelling diarrhea
stetorrhea
malabsorption of vitamins

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17
Q

diagnosis of Giardia lambilia and intestinalis

A

O&P test

elisa

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18
Q

Treatment of Giardia lamblia and intestinalis?

A

metronidazole

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19
Q

what are the human pathogens of Cryptosporodium spp.?

A

C. Parvum

C. Hominis

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20
Q

what is the infective from of Crypotsporodium?

A

sporozoite

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21
Q

transmission of cryptosporidium?

A

fecal oral

oral anal

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22
Q

life cycle of Cryptosporodium

A
  1. sporocytesare ingested
  2. sporozites will attach to intestinal surface and will mature
  3. sexual development= fertilization of oocyte
  4. oocyst can mature in intestine or be excreted
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23
Q

diseases caused by Cryptosporodium ssp

A

asymptomatic in immunodeficiency sufficient patients

severe watery diarrhea in AIDS

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24
Q

special stain to diagnose Cryptosporodium?

A

acid fast!!!

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25
Q

characteristics of naegleria flowleri

A
  1. amoeba
  2. trophozoite (infective from)
  3. cysts
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26
Q

where is naegleria floweri around in?

A

in fresh water

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27
Q

what do we associate with naegleria floweri infection?

A

water sport
swimming in lakes
contaminated contact lenses

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28
Q

path of enters of naegleria floweri?

A

enter CNS via cribriform plate

29
Q

disease caused by naegleria floweri?

A

PAM= primary amoeba meningoencephalitis

rapidly progressive death in 4-5 days.

30
Q

what is PAM?

A

caused by naegleria floweri
rapbidly progressive disease death in 4-5 days
memnigoencephalitis

31
Q

treatment of Naegleria floweri?

A

Amphotericin B

32
Q

characteristics of Toxoplasma gondii

A
  1. sporozoa
  2. forms: cyst, sporozoite, tachyzoite, bradyzoite
  3. defintie host: cats
  4. intermedeiate hsot: humans
33
Q

which forms ca toxoplasma gondii be in?

A

cysts
sporozoite
tachyzoite
bradyzoite

34
Q

modes of transmission of toxoplasma gondii

A
  1. fecal oral (cat feces cysts)
  2. under cooked meat (cysts)
  3. torchesssss
35
Q

where does the sexual reporduction of T.gondii takes place?

A

cats intestine

36
Q

pathogenies of t.Gondii

A

oocyte is being released in feces
takes 3-4 days to mature in to infective cysts
ingested by human
sporozoites infects human cell
develops in to tachyzoites (fast replication)
delivered to guise where is develops into bradyzoites (slow replication= chronic)

37
Q

order of t. Gandhi forms:

A
  1. oocyst
  2. sporozoites
  3. tachyzoites
  4. bradyzoites
38
Q

diseases caused by Toxoplasma

A

toxoplasmosis

39
Q

how does toxoplasmosis represent in healthy individuals?

A

asymtomatic
lymphadenoapthy
reseblmes monoucleosis

40
Q

how does toxoplasmosis represent in chidden?

A
  1. intrscrsnial calcifications
  2. hydrocephalus
  3. chorioretinits
  4. deafness
41
Q

effect of toxoplasmosis in immunocompromised ppl?

A

diffused encephalopathy

meningitoencephalopahty

42
Q

what is the vector for trypanosome Brucei?

A

tsetse fly

43
Q

what disease does trypanosome Bruce cause?

A

sleeping sickness

44
Q

life cycle of trypanosoma?

A

infects would due to fly bite
travels in blood until LN
resporduces in csf and lymph
reuptake by fly to finish growth

45
Q

what is the Winterbottoms sign? which disease?

A

posterior cervial lympnode enlargement caused by tryposoma Brucei in sleeping sickness

46
Q

explain sleeping sicknes

A

incubation time a few days to weeks

  1. sign: ulcers at site of bite
  2. cervial and axially lymphadenopathy
  3. fever chills
  4. chronically involves CNS and causes coma
47
Q

how Does entamoeba move forward?

A

with its pseudopodia feet prcesses

48
Q

how do protozoa ingest foot?

A

vie the cytostome (mouth)

49
Q

which organisms does Metronidazole kill?

A

flagellated bugs:

  1. entamoeba
  2. gairdia lamblia
  3. trichomonas vaginals
50
Q

cryptosporidium ssp name some

A
  1. C. parvum

2. C. hominis

51
Q

characteristics of trypanosoma Cruz?

A

flagellated
in latin america
reservoir cats and dogs

52
Q

transmission of tramponosoma cruzi

A

vector borene: reduviid bugs feces

53
Q

pathogenesis of trypanosoma cruzi

A 
reduviid bites patient
deposits feces in wound
patients scratches which helps process
migrates to different tissues 
destroyed hot cells
54
Q

disease caused by trypanosoma cruzi

A

Chagas disease

55
Q

what is chugs disease?

A

acute from severe in kids

chronic form: causes dilated myocardiopathy, megacolon, mega oesophagus

56
Q

diagnosis if trypanosoma cruzi?

A
  1. blood smear for acute form

2. biopsy and geology for chronic

57
Q

does leishmania ssp circle in blood?

A

no it doesnt

58
Q

where doe leishmania stay?

A

as amastigotes in macrophages

59
Q

what is the vector for leishmania ssp?

A

sand flys

60
Q

classical characteristics of leishmania?

A 
flagellates 
obligate intracellular (amastigotes in Macrophages)
61
Q

name a few specials of leishmania?

A
  1. L. tropica
  2. L. braziliensis
  3. L. donovoni
62
Q

diseases caused by leishmania:

A
  1. cautious leishmaniasis
  2. mucocutanoues leichmansisasis
  3. visceral leichmansiisas
63
Q

what is cutaneous leishmaniasis?

A

caused by L. tropica

ulcerations of the skin

64
Q

what is mucocutenous leishmanisiasis

A

caused by l. braziliensis
disfiguration of face
death if untreated

65
Q

what is visceral leishmaniasis?

A 
asked by L. donovoni 
Kala azar
scattered black spots
fever chills
invasion of liver, spleen and bone marrow
causes pancytopenia
hepatosplenomegaly
66
Q

diagnosis of leishmania?

A

take a clinical sample

tissue biopsy

67
Q

What is the romana sign?

A

Shown in trypanosoma Cruzi

Edema around the eyes

68
Q

What is the winter bottom sign?

A

Caused by trypanomaoma brucei

Cervical lymph ode enlargement

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