Pasteurella (Exam 1)

Question 1

Pasteurella is a gram (negative/positive) (cocci/rod).

Answer 1

gram-negative rod

Question 2

What is the oxygen requirement for Pasteurella?

Answer 2

facultative anaerobe

Question 3

Pasteurella ferments _______ and _______.

Answer 3

glucose
lactose

Question 4

Which species of Pasteurella affected multiple species, but most commonly young cattle?

Answer 4

Pasteurella multocida

Question 5

Pasteurella multocida causes _________ disease and septicemia in multiple hosts.

Answer 5

respiratory

Question 6

(T/F) Pasteurella multocida is a part of the normal flora in the oropharyngeal tract and only a problem with secondary infections.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Acute or chronic diseases are associated with (capsulated/non-capsulated) P. multocida, while toxic inflammatory responses are associated with (capsulated/non-capsulated) P. multocida.

Answer 7

capsulated
non-encapsulated

Question 8

________ strain of Pasteurella multocida produces P. multocida toxin (PMT).

Answer 8

Type D

Question 9

Which species of bacteria is not Pasteurella but often grouped with it and also causes respiratory disease often in young cattle and sometimes sheep?

Answer 9

Mannheimia haemolytica

Question 10

Mannheimia haemolytica produces _______ which destroys pulmonary macrophages.

Answer 10

cytotoxin

Question 11

What pathology is seen with both Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica infection?

Answer 11

acute, exudative fibrinous pneumonia

Question 12

(T/F) Mannheimia haemolytica is hemolytic.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

List the two exotoxins of Pasteurella multocida.

Answer 13

1. capsular type D
2. mitogenic dermonecrotic toxin

Question 14

List the 2 exotoxins of Mannheimia haemolytica.

Answer 14

1. cytotoxin (leukotoxin)
2. neuraminidase

Question 15

Function of neuraminidase in Mannheimia haemolytica.

Answer 15

adherence in respiratory tract

Question 16

What virulence factor of M. haemolytica & P. multocida sensitizes pulmonary endothelial cells for programmed cell death and activates inflammation?

Answer 16

endotoxin

Question 17

(P. multocida/M. haemolytica) have a polysaccharide capsule as a virulence factor.

Answer 17

M. haemolytica

Question 18

(T/F) Food animal strains of Mannheimia haemolytica have multi-drug resistance.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

In Sheep, the main causes of Pasteurellosis are M. haemolytica, P. multocida, and ___________.

Answer 19

Bibersteinia trehalose

Question 20

(T/F) Therapy is often successful in Pasteurellosis in sheep.

Answer 20

False

Question 21

Capsular Type ____ and ____ of Pasteurella multocida are the main cases of Pasteurellosis in swine.

Answer 21

A & D

Question 22

Pasteurella multocida Type ___ and ___, cause __________ disease in fowl.

Answer 22

A & F
Fowl Cholera

Question 23

Pasteurella multocida which cause Pasteurellosis in dogs and cats are often (capsulated/non-encapsulated) strains.

Answer 23

non-encapsulated

Question 24

In rabbits, Pasteurella multocida Type ____ cause Pasteurellosis.

Answer 24

A

Question 25

Which two specific rabbit diseases are caused by P. multocida?

Answer 25

1. Snuffles 2. Enzootic Pneumonia

Question 26

Which rabbit disease causes chronic, mucopurulent rhinitis? Which is often a sequela of the other?

Answer 26

1. Snuffles 2. Enzootic Pneumonia

Question 27

Pasteurellosis in _______ often shows clinical signs of atrophic rhinitis, purulent bronchopneumonia, and fibrinous pleuritis.

Answer 27

swine

Question 28

Which species of bacteria causes Pasteurellosis in lab animals?

Answer 28

P. pneumotropica

Question 29

Which species of bacteria, formerly known as a Pasteurella, is an opportunistic organism which causes avian respiratory disease?

Answer 29

Avibacterium gallinarum

Question 30

Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex occurs when viral infection downregulates _______ expression of bacterial receptors, so a bacterial infection can occur.

Answer 30

TLR

Question 31

Mannheimia haemolytica's primarily virulence factor is:

Answer 31

leukotoxin (LKT)

Question 32

Leukotoxin, used by Mannheimia haemolytica is a type 1 secretion system which has a specific receptor for ___________.

Answer 32

alveolar macrophages

Question 33

When ________ lyse M. haemolytica leukotoxin, this puts the body in a pro-inflammatory state.

Answer 33

macrophages

Question 34

While a variety of bacteria can cause Bacterial Pneumonia in swine, or PRDC, the major predisposing bacterial species is:

Answer 34

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

Question 35

Pasteurellosis in dogs and cats is usually found in lesions with Pasteurella _________.

Answer 35

multocida

Question 36

While P. multocida is the most common cause of Pasteurellosis in dogs and cats, what other 3 species of Pasteurella may cause the disease?

Answer 36

P. canis P. dagmatis P. stomatitis

Question 37

______________, secondary to viral infection, occurs in dogs with Pasteurellosis, but is unknown in cats.

Answer 37

bronchopneumonia

Question 38

In Pasteurellosis in dogs, ___________ is a common bacterial isolate from bronchopneumonia while in cats it is ____________.

Answer 38

Bordetella bronchiseptica P. multocida

Question 39

What genus is closely associated with Pasteurella, aerobic, a gram-negative rod, and requires special growth factors on artificial media?

Answer 39

Haemophilus

Question 40

Which two special growth factors does Haemophilus use for growth on artifical media?

Answer 40

x-factor (hemin) (+/-) v-factor (NAD)

Question 41

Haemophilus is sensitive to which two antimicrobials?

Answer 41

ampicillin tetracycline

Question 42

Where is Haemophilus polyserositis commonly found?

Answer 42

nasal cavity of swine

Question 43

Haemophilus paragallinarum commonly affects which species and causes nasal discharge, anorexia, and diarrhea?

Answer 43

turkeys

Question 44

Which bacterial organism is responsible for Glasser's Disease?

Answer 44

Haemophilus polyserositis