Pathology - Leucocytes And Their Function

Question 1

What is the nuclear morphology and function of a neutrophil?

Answer 1

2-5 segments in nucleus.
Fine granules (primary and secondary)
- phagocytic function
-9-15um diameter

Question 2

What is the nuclear structure and function of an eosinophil?

Answer 2

2 lobed nucleus, large round granules.
Weakly phagocytic, involved in allergy and inflammation, kills parasites
-12-17um diameter

Question 3

Name the different types of granular leukocytes

Answer 3

Neutrophil, basophil, eosinophil

Question 4

What is the nuclear structure and function of a basophil?

Answer 4

2 segments in nucleus, purple black granules, large and round.
Involved in allergy, inflammation, parasite response
-12um diameter

Question 5

What is the nuclear structure and function of a monocytes?

Answer 5

Horseshoe shaped nucleus, grey cytoplasm, few granules, vacuoles.
Becomes a macrophage, causes phagocytosis, present in chronic infection, involved in processing and presentation of antigen on MHC 2.
Secrete proinflammatory, immunoregulatory, anti inflammatory, and cytokine molecules
15-30um diameter

Question 6

What is the main function of a B cell lymphocyte?

Answer 6

Produce antibodies (immunoglobulin/Ig)

Question 7

What is the main role of a T cell lymphocyte?

Answer 7

Direct binding of foreign antigens.
Cell mediated immunity
About 70-85% of lymphocytes are T-cells (T:B ratio = 6:1)

Question 8

What is the nuclear morphology of a plasma cell, what is its function, and what cells do these cells originate from?

Answer 8

Eccentric nucleus, clumped chromatin, produce monoclonal antibodies & immunoglobulins.
Plasma cells are terminally differentiated B cells

Question 9

What is the structure (nuclear) of a megakaryocyte and what is the function of this cell?

Answer 9

Large cell, hyperlobated nucleus, centrally located.

Generates platelets

Question 10

What is the structure and function of a platelet?

Answer 10

Anuclear cell fragments that contai cytoplasmic granules. They adhere to and plugs breaches in blood vessel walls AKA they’re involved in clotting cascades

Question 11

Describe the development of a neutrophil, from a myeloid stem cell

Answer 11

Myeloid SC
Myeloblast
Promyelocyte
Myelocyte
Metamyelocyte
Band form
Neutrophil