PCP Med Formulary Flashcards
(74 cards)
1
Q
(3)Acetaminophen (Tylenol) - Class
A
- Antipyretic
- Analgesic
- Selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor
2
Q
(2)Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA) - Class
A
- NSAID
- Platelet Inhibitor
3
Q
D50W (50% Dextrose) -Class
A
Caloric agent
4
Q
Dimenhydrinate (Gravol) - Class
A
Antiemetic
5
Q
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - Class
A
Antihistamine
6
Q
(2)Epinephrine (Adrenalin) - Class
A
1.Non-selective Adrenergic Agonist
2.Sympathomimetic
7
Q
(2)Glucagon - Class
A
- Hyperglycemic agent
- Pancreatic hormone
8
Q
Ibuprofen (Advil) - Class
A
- NSAID
- Analgesic
9
Q
(2)Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent) - Class
A
1.Anticholinergic
2.Parasympatholytic
10
Q
Naloxone (Narcan) - Class
A
Opioid Antagonist
11
Q
Nitroglycerin (Nitrolingual) - Class
A
- Anti-anginal
- Vasodilator
- Nitrate
12
Q
Nitrous Oxide (Entonox) - Class
A
Gaseous analgesic
13
Q
Oral Glucose (Insta-Glucose) - Class
A
Caloric Agent
14
Q
Salbutamol (Ventolin) - Class
A
1.Beta-2 Agonist
2.Bronchodilator
3.Sympathomimetic
15
Q
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) - Mechanism of Action
A
Inhibits COX enzyme to reduce fever & pain
16
Q
Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA) - Mechanism of Action
A
1.Inhibits thromboxane A2
2.prevents platelet aggregation
17
Q
D50W (50% Dextrose) - Mechanism of Action
A
Raises blood glucose levels rapidly
18
Q
Dimenhydrinate (Gravol) - Mechanism of Action
A
- Inhibits vestibular stimulation
- blocks acetylcholine
19
Q
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - Mechanism of Action
A
Blocks H1 & H2 receptors to reduce histamine effects
20
Q
Epinephrine (Adrenalin) - Mechanism of Action
A
1.Alpha-1 vasoconstriction
2.Beta-2 bronchodilation
21
Q
Glucagon - Mechanism of Action
A
Breaks down glycogen stores to increase blood glucose
22
Q
Ibuprofen (Advil) - Mechanism of Action
A
reversible inhibition of COX-1and COX-2 emzymes.
By decreasing prostaglandin synthesis in the CNS, ibuprofen is able to reduce swelling and pain.
23
Q
Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent) - Mechanism of Action
A
Blocks parasympathetic response to prevent bronchoconstriction
24
Q
Naloxone (Narcan) - Mechanism of Action
A
Competes for opioid receptors, reversing overdose
25
Nitroglycerin (Nitrolingual) - Mechanism of Action
Reduces myocardial oxygen demand, lowers preload & afterload
26
Nitrous Oxide (Entonox) - Mechanism of Action
Provides pain relief, mechanism not fully understood
27
Oral Glucose (Insta-Glucose) - Mechanism of Action
Raises blood glucose levels rapidly
28
Salbutamol (Ventolin) - Mechanism of Action
Beta-2 activation causes bronchial smooth muscle relaxation
29
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) - Dosage (Adult)
975 mg PO (Do not repeat)
30
Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA)- Dosage (Adult)
160 mg PO (chewed), max 160 mg/24h
31
D50W (50% Dextrose)- Dosage (Adult)
25 g SIVP/IO q5 min PRN to max 50 g
32
Dimenhydrinate (Gravol) - Dosage (Adult)
50 mg SIVP/IM q4 hours
33
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - Dosage (Adult)
50 mg PO/IV/IM (Do not repeat)
34
Epinephrine (Adrenalin)- Dosage (Adult)
0.3 mg IM q5 min (max 0.9 mg)
35
Glucagon - Dosage (Adult)
1 mg IM q15 min (max 2 mg)
36
Ibuprofen (Advil) - Dosage (Adult)
400 mg PO (Do not repeat)
37
Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent) - Dosage (Adult)
500 mcg nebulized (max 1500 mcg)
1 puff (20 mcg/puff) MDI with spacer, repeat 30-60 seconds prn to a total maximum of 15 puffs
38
Naloxone (Narcan) - Dosage (Adult)
● 0.05 mg IV/IO q 2 minutes prn to a total maximum of 1 mg
● 0.8 mg IM q 5 minutes prn to a total maximum of 3.2 mg
● 2 mg intranasal (1mg/nostril) q 3-5 minutes prn to a total maximum of 4 mg
39
Nitroglycerin (Nitrolingual) - Dosage (Adult)
● 0.4 mg SL (1 spray) q 3-5 minutes prn or until systolic BP less than100 mmHg
● 0.8 mg/hr patch
40
Nitrous Oxide (Entonox) - Dosage (Adult)
Self-administered PRN
41
Oral Glucose (Insta-Glucose) - Dosage (Adult)
25 g PO q5 min (max 50 g)
42
Salbutamol (Ventolin) - Dosage (Adult)
- 2.5-5 mg nebulized q5-15 min PRN
- 1 puff MDI (100 mcg/puff) with spacer q 30-60 seconds prn to a max 30 puffs
43
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) - Contraindications
● Active liver disease/hepatic impairment
● Chemotherapy patients
● Hypersensitivity
44
Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA)- Contraindications
● Hypersensitivity
● Active GI bleed
● Asthmatic with past history of sensitivity to ASA/NSAIDs
● Unable to follow commands
45
D50W (50% Dextrose) - Contraindications
Hyperglycemia, Corn allergy
46
Dimenhydrinate (Gravol) - Contraindications
● Narrow angle glaucoma
● Patients who have ingested large quantities of depressants (including alcohol)
47
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - Contraindications
Hypersensitivity Benadryl OR Gravol allergy
48
Epinephrine (Adrenalin) - Contraindications
● None when used in emergent anaphylaxis situations
● Hypersensitivity
● Underlying cardiovascular disease
49
Glucagon - Contraindications
Hyperglycemia, Beef/Pork allergy
50
Ibuprofen (Advil) - Contraindications
● Hypersensitivity to ibuprofen or other NSAIDs
● Asthma
● History of significant renal disease, except renal colic
● Suspected intracranial bleed
● History of GI bleeding
● Diagnosis of crohn's/ulcerative colitis/IBD
● Subarachnoid hemorrhage (indicated by sudden onset/most severe ever headache/thunderclap)
● Pregnancy
● Patient is taking oral anticoagulants
● Do not give if patient over 65
51
Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent) - Contraindications
Hypersensitivity
52
Naloxone (Narcan) - Contraindications
Opioid withdrawal symptoms
53
Nitroglycerin (Nitrolingual) - Contraindications
● Systolic BP less than 100 mmHg
● Unable to establish IV access
● Right ventricular infarct ( therefore a **drop of systolic BP of 30 points or 1/3 after the first administration** of nitroglycerin should indicate that an RVI is possible, and no further nitro should be given)
● Use of phosphodiesterase inhibitors within 24 hrs; such as Viagra, Cialis, Levitra - Mandatory OLMC
● Computer generated 12 lead interpretation has any message in capital letters indicating a STEMI****
54
Nitrous Oxide (Entonox) - Contraindications
-Pneumothorax
-Adominal pain
-Bowel obstruction
-Intoxication
-Head injury
- Altered
55
Oral Glucose (Insta-Glucose) - Contraindications
Unconscious, Hyperglycemia
56
Salbutamol (Ventolin) - Contraindications
Hypersensitivity, Tachydysrhythmias
57
What does NSAID stand for?
Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug
58
What does analgesic mean?
medication that relieves pain without causing loss of consciousness
59
What does Antipyretic mean?
is a medication that reduces fever by acting on the hypothalamus to regulate body temperature.
60
what does Antiemetic mean?
is a medication that prevents or reduces nausea and vomiting by acting on the central nervous system or gastrointestinal tract.
61
what does Antihistamine mean?
is a medication that blocks histamine receptors, reducing allergic reactions, nausea, and other histamine-related responses in the body
62
What does Non-selective Adrenergic Agonist mean?
is a medication that stimulates multiple adrenergic receptors (Alpha Beta receptors) in the sympathetic nervous system (SNS).
63
What does Hyperglycemic Agent mean?
is a medication that raises blood glucose levels. These drugs are used to treat hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) in patients who are unable to consume carbohydrates orally.
64
What does Anticholinergic mean?
is a medication that blocks the effects of acetylcholine (ACh) on the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). These drugs reduce secretions, relax smooth muscles, and prevent involuntary muscle contractions.
65
What does opioid Antagonist mean?
is a medication that blocks opioid receptors, reversing the effects of opioid drugs such as morphine, fentanyl, and heroin.
66
What does Vasodilator mean?
is a medication that relaxes blood vessels, causing them to widen (vasodilation). This results in reduced blood pressure, decreased workload on the heart, and improved blood flow to tissues.
67
what is a Beta-2 Agonist ?
is a medication that stimulates Beta-2 adrenergic receptors, primarily found in the smooth muscles of the lungs, blood vessels, and uterus.
68
What is COX enzyme?
is an enzyme that helps produce prostaglandins, which are chemicals involved in inflammation, pain, fever, and blood clotting.
69
What does refers Adrenegic mean?
refers to the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and involves neurotransmitters like epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline).
70
What is thromboxane A2?
is a chemical produced by platelets that plays a key role in blood clot formation (hemostasis)
71
what does Inhibits vestibular stimulation
means blocking signals from the vestibular system (inner ear) to the brain to prevent nausea, dizziness, and motion sickness.
72
what does Sympathomimetic mean?
is a medication that mimics the effects of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) by stimulating adrenergic receptors (Alpha & Beta receptors).
73
prn?
"as needed" or "as necessary."
74
q
Latin word "quaque," meaning "every."
