Reproductive System

Question 1

What is the function of the penis?

Answer 1

Conveys urine and seminal fluid to outside of body through urethra

Question 2

What are the two main cylindrical masses of tissue in the penis?

Answer 2

Corpus spongiosum penis and corpora cavernosa penis

Question 3

What is the role of the scrotum?

Answer 3

Encloses and protects testes and maintains optimal temperature for sperm production

Question 4

What do the testes contain that produce spermatozoa?

Answer 4

Seminiferous tubules

Question 5

What type of cells in the testes produce male sex hormones?

Answer 5

Interstitial cells

Question 6

What is the function of the epididymis?

Answer 6

Storage and maturation of spermatozoa; conveys sperm to ductus deferens

Question 7

What is the function of the ductus deferens?

Answer 7

Storage and conveys sperm to ejaculatory duct

Question 8

What do seminal vesicle glands secrete?

Answer 8

Alkaline fluid containing nutrients and prostaglandins

Question 9

What percentage of seminal fluid is produced by the seminal vesicles?

Answer 9

About 60%

Question 10

What is the function of the prostate gland?

Answer 10

Secretes alkaline fluid which helps enhance sperm motility and contributes 30% of seminal fluid

Question 11

What do ejaculatory ducts do?

Answer 11

Stores seminal fluid and expels it just before ejaculation

Question 12

What is the function of the bulbourethral gland (Cowper’s gland)?

Answer 12

Secretes fluid that lubricates urethra and end of penis, helps prevent damage to sperm during ejaculation

Question 13

What do the labia majora form?

Answer 13

Margin of pudendal cleft; enclose and protect other external reproductive structures

Question 14

What is the function of the labia minora?

Answer 14

Forms margin of vestibule cleft; protects openings of vagina and urethra

Question 15

What is richly supplied with sensory nerves and associated with pleasure during sex?

Answer 15

Clitoris

Question 16

What is the vestibule?

Answer 16

Cleft between labia minora that includes vaginal and urethral openings

Question 17

What do Bartholin’s glands secrete?

Answer 17

Fluid that moistens and lubricates vestibule and vaginal opening during intercourse

Question 18

What is the function of mammary glands?

Answer 18

Produce and secrete milk for nourishment of infant

Question 19

What do ovaries produce?

Answer 19

Ova and female sex hormones

Question 20

What happens to the follicle after ovulation?

Answer 20

It transforms into the corpus luteum which secretes estrogen and progesterone

Question 21

What is the function of fallopian tubes?

Answer 21

Convey ovum toward uterus; fertilization occurs in tubes

Question 22

What is the primary role of the uterus?

Answer 22

Site of implantation; protects and sustains life of embryo/fetus during pregnancy

Question 23

What does the vulva include?

Answer 23

Labia majora and minora, mons pubis, clitoris, vestibule

Question 24

What is the perineum?

Answer 24

Area between vagina and anus

Question 25

What occurs during the menstrual phase?

Answer 25

First 5 days of cycle; lower estrogen and progesterone; **endometrium breaks down**

Question 26

What happens during the proliferative phase?

Answer 26

**Endometrium repairs and thickens**; new follicle secretes estrogen

Question 27

What occurs during the secretory phase?

Answer 27

Corpus luteum secretes progesterone; final **preparation of endometrium to receive fertilized egg**

Question 28

Fill in the blank: Fertilization is the _______ by a spermatozoon and the union of the sperm nucleus and the nucleus of the ovum.

Answer 28

penetration of an ovum

Question 29

What is the role of the umbilical cord?

Answer 29

Connects embryo and fetus to placenta; carries nutrients and oxygen to fetus

Question 30

What is the function of the placenta?

Answer 30

Source of nutrition, respiration and excretion for embryo/fetus

Question 31

What hormones does the corpus luteum secrete early in pregnancy?

Answer 31

Progesterone and estrogen

Question 32

What is the role of placenta hormones?

Answer 32

Promote storage of nutrients for lactation and prepare breasts for lactation