Special Senses Mar 4

Question 1

What is the role of senses in human perception?

Answer 1

Senses help determine the outside world and inner equilibrium.

Question 2

What complications can arise from irregular sense stimuli?

Answer 2

They can alter inner equilibrium and affect perception.

Question 3

Which senses are classified as ‘general’?

Answer 3

• Pressure
• Temperature
• Pain
• Touch
• Position

Question 4

What is olfaction?

Answer 4

The sense of smell.

Question 5

What is the function of the olfactory nerve (CN #1)?

Answer 5

Determines thousands of types of smells.

Question 6

Which part of the brain is olfaction strongly connected to?

Answer 6

Limbic system and hypothalamic region.

Question 7

What are the three types of cells responsible for olfaction?

Answer 7

• Receptors
• Supporting Cells
• Basal Stem Cells

Question 8

How does the sense of smell change with age?

Answer 8

It deteriorates with age and neurological diseases.

Question 9

What are the cranial nerves involved in taste?

Answer 9

• Cranial Nerve #7 (Facial)
• Cranial Nerve #9 (Glossopharyngeal)
• Cranial Nerve #10 (Vagus)

Question 10

Where are taste buds primarily located?

Answer 10

On the tongue, soft palate, pharynx, and larynx.

Question 11

What are the five basic taste sensations?

Answer 11

• Sweet
• Sour
• Bitter
• Salty
• Umami

Question 12

What is the role of the optic nerve (CN #2)?

Answer 12

Connects to the cerebellum and processes visual information.

Question 13

What are the two main types of receptors in the eye?

Answer 13

• Rods
• Cones

Question 14

What does the fibrous tunic of the eye consist of?

Answer 14

• Cornea
• Sclera

Question 15

What is the function of the iris?

Answer 15

Regulates the amount of light entering the inner eye.

Question 16

What is the purpose of the ciliary body?

Answer 16

Secretes aqueous humor and alters the shape of the lens.

Question 17

What is near-sightedness?

Answer 17

Image is focused before the back of the eye.

Question 18

What is far-sightedness?

Answer 18

Image is focused behind the back of the eye.

Question 19

What are the three small bones in the middle ear called?

Answer 19

• Malleus
• Incus
• Stapes

Question 20

What is the function of the tympanic membrane?

Answer 20

Acts as a boundary between the external ear and middle ear.

Question 21

What is the cochlea responsible for?

Answer 21

Contains receptors for hearing.

Question 22

What are the two types of equilibrium?

Answer 22

• Static equilibrium
• Dynamic equilibrium

Question 23

What does static equilibrium refer to?

Answer 23

The position of the body relative to the force of gravity.

Question 24

What does dynamic equilibrium refer to?

Answer 24

The position of the body in response to sudden movements.

Question 25

What is 'crude sensation' in touch?

Answer 25

The ability to understand something is touching the skin without detail.

Question 26

What is 'fine sensation' in touch?

Answer 26

Provides specific information about what is touching the skin.

Question 27

What factors can impair the sense of touch?

Answer 27

* Diabetes * Stroke * Trauma * MS/MD

Question 28

Fill in the blank: The organ of hearing is called the _______.

Answer 28

Organ of Corti

Question 29

True or False: The sense of smell is the weakest connection to memories.

Answer 29

False