Perception

Question 1

Kathy is on the phone with her mother when her favorite song starts playing on the radio. She decides to call her mother back and listen to the song. Which process of perception is this?

Answer 1

selection

Question 2

place selection, organization, interpretation and sensation in the correct order that they normally occur.

Answer 2

Sensation, selection, organization, and interpretation

Question 3

Signals getting organized and interpreted is an example of ______.

Answer 3

perception

Question 4

Assigning meaning to information is an example of _____.

Answer 4

Interpretation

Question 5

Making sense of sensory stimuli is an example of _______?

Answer 5

Interpretation

Question 6

Organizing and interpreting information is an example of _______.

Answer 6

Perception

Question 7

Only a very small amount of stimuli in our environment is _______.

Answer 7

selected

Question 8

perception

Answer 8

how sensation is organized and interpreted

Question 9

perceptual selection

Answer 9

choosing which stimuli to respond to

Question 10

perceptual organization

Answer 10

clustering sensory information

Question 11

perceptual interpretation

Answer 11

assign meaning to the stimuli

Question 12

attention

Answer 12

selecting which incoming stimuli to focus on or ignore

Question 13

What is the cocktail party effect?

Answer 13

The ability to concentrate on one stimulus and still respond to other stimuli with personally relevant information

Question 14

This allows you to select what to focus on and what to ignore.

Answer 14

attention

Question 15

As we focus on more things, the attention given to each decreases. This is because we have _____ attention.

Answer 15

limited

Question 16

This helps determine which stimuli deserves attention.

Answer 16

experience

Question 17

A bright light is selected more often than a dim light

Answer 17

intensity

Question 18

this is the process of choosing what stimuli to respond to.

Answer 18

selection

Question 19

You walk into a party and choose to talk to a friend instead of listening to music.

Answer 19

attention

Question 20

talking to a friend in a crowded room and hearing your name mentioned in the distance.

Answer 20

selection

Question 21

The brain organizes information through ______ and _____ processing.

Answer 21

top-down, bottom up

Question 22

bottom-up processing

Answer 22

analyzing details before grasping the whole

Question 23

top-down processing

Answer 23

analyzing information based on previous experiences

Question 24

Conceptually driven is

Answer 24

analyzing the whole before recognizing details

Question 25

data-driven

Answer 25

this is analyzing individual details before forming a whole

Question 26

Knowing that you are about to see a type of animal, which helps you make sense of a stimuli is an example of ______.

Answer 26

expectation

Question 27

Examining the form of each letter before reading the word is _______.

Answer 27

bottom-up

Question 28

Examining a word before breaking it down and looking at each letter is ______.

Answer 28

Top-down

Question 29

top-down and bottom-up processing occur...

Answer 29

simultaneously

Question 30

Gestalt

Answer 30

an organized whole assembled from pieces of sensory information

Question 31

closure

Answer 31

take incomplete pieces of information and complete them mentally

Question 32

symmetry

Answer 32

perceiving symmetrical items as a group

Question 33

similarity

Answer 33

grouping items that resemble each other

Question 34

proximity

Answer 34

grouping items that are close to each other

Question 35

connectedness

Answer 35

grouping items that are linked or moving together

Question 36

figure-ground

Answer 36

prioritizing stimuli into center of attention vs background

Question 37

perceptual constancy

Answer 37

regarding critical features as constant even when they change

Question 38

The principle of _______ suggests that we perceive equally proportioned things in groups, and the principle of ______ suggests that we tend to perceive things as a group if they are physically close to each other.

Answer 38

symmetry, proximity

Question 39

The principle of ______ suggests we complete missing pieces and the principle of _______suggests we perceive things as a group if they are linked in some way.

Answer 39

closure, connectedness

Question 40

Grouping things that are a like, is an example of ______

Answer 40

similarity

Question 41

The _______ principle explains how we prioritize stimuli

Answer 41

figure-ground

Question 42

perceptual constancy

Answer 42

viewing objects as having stable characteristics despite variation in appearance

Question 43

shape constancy

Answer 43

viewing the shapes of objects as being stable

Question 44

size constancy

Answer 44

viewing objects as having a constant size

Question 45

color constancy

Answer 45

perceiving object's color as being stable under various lighting conditions

Question 46

What do we call the tendency for people to view objects as having constant dimensions?

Answer 46

size constancy

Question 47

cues

Answer 47

things in the environment

Question 48

Three major attributes that we perceive as being stable even under different viewing conditions are_______, _____, and ______constancy

Answer 48

size, shape, color

Question 49

binocular cues

Answer 49

depth cues perceived with both eyes

Question 50

convergence

Answer 50

eyes rotate towards each other to focus on an object

Question 51

binocular disparity

Answer 51

left and right eyes see slightly different images

Question 52

monocular cues

Answer 52

depth cues perceive with one eye

Question 53

relative size

Answer 53

perceiving distance based on the comparison of objects' sizes

Question 54

interposition

Answer 54

judging distance based on the blocking of a far object by a near object

Question 55

linear perspective

Answer 55

using the appearance of converging parallel lines to perceive distance

Question 56

monocular cues

Answer 56

depth cues perceived with one eye

Question 57

adaptation-level theory

Answer 57

past experiences and expectations affect how we process stimuli

Question 58

context effect

Answer 58

perception of stimulus is affected by the surrounding environment

Question 59

brightness contrast

Answer 59

perceived brightness of one object in comparison to another object

Question 60

structural context

Answer 60

the perceived length, size, or shape of one object in comparison to another object.

Question 61

This involves comparing a new stimulus to a familiar standard

Answer 61

baseline

Question 62

visual illusions

Answer 62

perception of an image is different from reality

Question 63

literal illusion

Answer 63

perceiving an image that is different than the objects that make it

Question 64

physiological illusions

Answer 64

the result of excessive stimulation to the eyes and the brain

Question 65

cognitive illusions

Answer 65

the result of unconscious interferences

Question 66

One famous example of a cognitive illusion is the ______ room.

Answer 66

Ames

Question 67

A famous example of a physiological illusion.

Answer 67

Hermann grid

Question 68

A famous example of a literal illusion

Answer 68

devil's fork

Question 69

A famous example of a cognitive illusion

Answer 69

Ames Room

Question 70

Important principles in Gestalt theory include ....

Answer 70

symmetry | Not: dexterity, color patterns, or imbalance

Question 71

What can be said of the principle of symmetry?

Answer 71

We tend to perceive symmetrical items as a group.

Question 72

Which of these statements is true about organization?

Answer 72

We use organization to decide which stimuli to focus on and respond to.

Question 73

Which of the following descriptions best describes binocular cues?

Answer 73

Depth cues that require both eyes in order to be perceived.

Question 74

According to the adaptation-level theory, which of the following statements is true?

Answer 74

Past experiences AND expectations affect how we process stimuli