pharm 1 liner- heme/onco

Question 1

Antineoplastic pyrimidine analog that inhibits DNA polymerase

Answer 1

cytarabine

Question 2

Drug used concurrently with antineoplastics to reduce renal precipitation of urates

Answer 2

allopurinol

Question 3

Agent used for megaloblastic anemia (but does not reverse neurologic symptoms) and decrease neural tube defects during pregnancy

Answer 3

folic acid

Question 4

Three antineoplastic purine analogs that inhibit purine synthesis

Answer 4

azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine, 6-thioguanine

Question 5

Serious side effect of cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide due to generation of acrolein

Answer 5

hemorrhagic cystitis

Question 6

Ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor with S phase cell cycle selectivity that is used for management of sickle cell anemia

Answer 6

hydroxyurea

Question 7

Humanized monoclonal antibody against CD52 that is used to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Answer 7

alemtuzumab

Question 8

Agent that is used to bind acrolein and prevent drug-induced hemorrhagic cystitis

Answer 8

mesna

Question 9

Neurotoxicity (areflexia, peripheral neuritis) is commonly associated with

Answer 9

Microtubule inhibitors : vinca alkaloids (e.g., vincristine, vinblastine), taxanes (e.g., paclitaxel)

Question 10

Alkylating agent that has greater activity against myeloid cells than lymphoid cells; serious side effects include myelosuppression and pulmonary fibrosis

Answer 10

busulfan

Question 11

Agent used for megaloblastic anemia with neurological deficits

Answer 11

vitamin B12

Question 12

Inhibits microtubule formation by binding to β-tubulin; dose-limiting side effect is neurotoxicity

Answer 12

vincristine

Question 13

Platinum-derivatives that form DNA intrastrand cross-links; causes dose-limiting nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, and neurotoxicity

Answer 13

cisplatin, carboplatin

Question 14

Two antineoplastics that inhibit topoisomerase I

Answer 14

Irinotecan, topotecan

Question 15

Agent used for anemias (especially with renal failure)

Answer 15

erythropoietin

Question 16

Inhibits BRAF kinase in melanomas with BRAF V600E mutation

Answer 16

vemurafenib

Question 17

Antineoplastic can be used as intravesical treatment for superficial bladder cancer and associated with hemolytic-uremic syndrome

Answer 17

mitomycin

Question 18

DNA intercalating agent with minimal myelosuppression that induces formation of free radicals; dose-limiting side effects include pulmonary fibrosis and mucocutaneous reactions

Answer 18

bleomycin

Question 19

Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (dilated cardiomyopathy) is caused by

Answer 19

increased production of free radicals within myocardium

Question 20

Agent used for hypochromic microcytic anemias

Answer 20

ferrous sulfate

Question 21

Antineoplastic folic acid analog that inhibits dihydrofolate reductase

Answer 21

methotrexate

Question 22

Irinotecan use is limited because of one severe adverse effect

Answer 22

Gastrointestinal toxicity (life-threatening diarrhea)

Question 23

Two most commonly used glucocorticoids for cancer due to their lymphotoxic effects; may cause Cushing-like symptoms

Answer 23

prednisone, prednisolone

Question 24

Agent that is used to detoxify reactive metabolites and savenge free radical and prevent drug-induced nephrotoxicity (Fanconi syndrome, acute tubular necrosis)

Answer 24

amifostine

Question 25

DNA intercalating agent useful for treatment of solid tumors in children

Answer 25

dactinomycin (actinomycin D)

Question 26

Enzyme activates purine analogs

Answer 26

hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT)

Question 27

Alkylating drugs cause disulfiram-like reaction to alcohol

Answer 27

decarbonize, procarbazine

Question 28

Serious side effect associated with cytarabine

Answer 28

pancytopenia

Question 29

Recombinant human monoclonal antibody against human epidermal growth factor-2 (HER2) receptor; useful for breast cancer cells that overexpress HER2

Answer 29

trastuzumab

Question 30

Hyperstabilizes microtubule polymer and prevents microtubule breakdown

Answer 30

paclitaxel, -taxels

Question 31

Two anthracyclines that chelate DNA, form free radicals, and cause dose-limiting cardiotoxicity

Answer 31

duanorubicin, doxorubicin

Question 32

Iron-chelator that is used to protect against anthracycline-induced cardio-toxicity

Answer 32

dexrazoxane

Question 33

Two antineoplastics that require dose-reduction in patients who are taking allopurinol

Answer 33

azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine

Question 34

Antineoplastic with G2 phase cell cycle selectivity

Answer 34

bleomycin

Question 35

Antineoplastics that inhibit topoisomerase II

Answer 35

Etoposide, teniposide, Anthracyclines, Amsacrine

Question 36

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist that can be used to inhibit luteinizing hormone secretion and testosterone production in men with advanced prostate cancer when administered continously

Answer 36

leoprolide

Question 37

Nitrosureas that spontaneously form active intermediates that cross-link DNA; can cross blood-brain-barrier and is indicated for brain tumors

Answer 37

carmustine, -mustines

Question 38

Agent used for pernicious anemia

Answer 38

cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12)

Question 39

Recombinant human monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)

Answer 39

bevacizumab

Question 40

Inhibits microtubule formation by binding to β-tubulin; dose-limiting side effect is bone marrow suppression

Answer 40

vinblastine

Question 41

Azathioprine is a prodrug for

Answer 41

6-mercaptopurine

Question 42

Partial or complete deficiency of an enzyme can increase the toxicity of 5-FU

Answer 42

dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (pharmacogenetic syndrome)

Question 43

Antineoplastic pyrimidine analog that inhibits thymidylate synthetase

Answer 43

5-fluorouracil (5-FU)

Question 44

Inhibits BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase expressed by the Philadelphia chromosome in chronic myeloid leukemia

Answer 44

imatinib

Question 45

agent used for neutropenia associated with cancer chemotherapy and bone marrow trnasplantation

Answer 45

filgrastim (granulocyte colony-stumating factor) and sargramostim (granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor)

Question 46

Vinca alkaloids cause excessive free water retention and euvolemic hyponatremia

Answer 46

Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)

Question 47

Two prodrugs, that after liver bioactivation, bind to N7 nitrogen of guanine and cross-link DNA

Answer 47

cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide

Question 48

Chimeric monoclonal antibody against CD20 antigen found on non-Hodgkin lymphomas and normal B lymphocytes

Answer 48

rituximab

Question 49

Increase activity of cytotoxic cells and indicated for hairy cell leukemia

Answer 49

interferon alpha-2b