Pharm 1 Liner- Renal

Question 1

Side effects of thiazide diuretics

Answer 1

Hyperuricemia, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia

Question 2

Mechanism of action of tolvaptan and conivaptan

Answer 2

Nonpeptide vasopressin receptor antagonist

Question 3

Contraindications of mannitol

Answer 3

Anuria, HF

Question 4

Mechanism of action of spironolactone

Answer 4

Inhibit mineralocorticoid (aldosterone) receptor result in inhibition of Na/K-ATPase and ENaC synthesis

Question 5

Diuretic used as prophylactic for mountain sickness and glaucoma

Answer 5

Acetazolamide

Question 6

Osmotic diuretic

Answer 6

Mannitol

Question 7

Admin of this drug will result in elevated serum potassium, by inhibiting tubular secretion of potassium

Answer 7

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

Question 8

Loop diuretics include

Answer 8

Furosemide, bumetanide, forsemide, ethacrynic acid

Question 9

Class of drugs that may cause cross sensitivity with thiazide diuretics

Answer 9

Sulfonamides

Question 10

Diuretics work in congestive failure by

Answer 10

Reducing preload

Question 11

Diuretic used as first line for treatment of HTN

Answer 11

Thiazides

Question 12

Mechanism of action amiloride

Answer 12

Inhibit epithelial sodium channels in the distal convoluted tubules and collecting duct

Question 13

Aminoglycosides used with loop diuretics potentiate this adverse effect

Answer 13

Ototoxicity

Question 14

Orally bioavailable V2 selective receptor antagonist

Answer 14

Tolvaptan

Question 15

Diuretic used in hypertensive patients with renal failure

Answer 15

Loop diuretics (furosemide, ethacrynic acid, butmetanide)

Question 16

Adverse effects of mannitol (2)

Answer 16

Pulmonary edema, dehydration

Question 17

Side effects of loop diuretics (5)

Answer 17

Hyperuricemia, hypokalemia, allergy, metabolic alkalosis, and ototoxicity

Question 18

Mechanism of action of carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

Answer 18

CAI causes self limited NaHCO3 diuresis and decrease body HCO3- stores

Question 19

Antibacterial for optimal treatment of acute pyelonephritis

Answer 19

Fluoroquinolones

Question 20

Side effects of acetazolamide (6)

Answer 20

Metabolic acidosis, hypercholoremia, parasethesias, alkalization of the urine, hypokalemia, encephalopathy in patients with hepatic cirrhosis

Question 21

Potassium sparing diuretics

Answer 21

Spironolactone and eplerenone; triametereme, amiloride

Question 22

Administration of this drug will result in elevated serum creatinine without changing GFR

Answer 22

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

Question 23

Mechanism of action of thiazide diuretics

Answer 23

Inhibits Na+/Cl- contransport

Question 24

Agents used for SIADH

Answer 24

Tolvaptan and conivaptan

Question 25

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Answer 25

Acetazolamide, dorzolamide

Question 26

Mechanism of action of mannitol

Answer 26

Cant be reabsorbed, increase tubular fluid osmolarity, increase urine flow, decrease intracranial/intraoclar pressure

Question 27

An early generation tetracycline that may be used for chronic SIADH

Answer 27

Demeclocycline

Question 28

Diuretic used to treat primary aldosteronism

Answer 28

Spironolactone, eplerenone

Question 29

Site of action of loop diuretics

Answer 29

Thick ascending limb

Question 30

Antidiuretic hormone analog used for Central diabetes insipidus, nocturnal enuresis, and von willebrand disease

Answer 30

Desmopressin

Question 31

Side effects of demeclocycline (2)

Answer 31

Photosensitivty, stunted bone growth and teeth discoloration for children under 8 years of age

Question 32

Antibacterial for optimal treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis

Answer 32

Nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, fosfomycin

Question 33

An electrolyte that is lost in urine by acute treatment with loop diuretics but can be retained by thiazides

Answer 33

Calcium

Question 34

Side effects of spironolactone (3)

Answer 34

Gynecomastia, hyperkalemia, impotence

Question 35

Side of action of thiazides

Answer 35

Early distal convoluted tumble