Plant Systematics

Question 1

Science that includes traditional taxonomy and phylogeny

Answer 1

Systematics

Question 2

Evolutionary history of life

Answer 2

Phylogenetic reconstruction

Question 3

Four components of taxonomy

Answer 3

Description, classification, nomenclature, identification

Question 4

Subjects under study; any group of organisms

Answer 4

Taxon

Question 5

Assignment of features or attributes to a taxon, characters, tools for communication, categorizing and delimiting the attributed of a taxon (ex: petal color: blue)

Answer 5

Description

Question 6

Characters contributing to the description

Answer 6

Taxonomic characters

Question 7

Purpose of classifying

Answer 7

Put some order, better understanding of diversity, cataloging and expressing, grouping and ranking

Question 8

Swedish botanist who developed binomial classification; uses two latin words to indicate the genus and species

Answer 8

Karl von linne; carolus linnaeus

Question 9

Major means of classification

Answer 9

Phenetic and phylogenetic

Question 10

Classification based on overall similarities; common to everyone

Answer 10

Phenetic

Question 11

Classification based on evolutionary history or pattern of descent; represented in cladogram; evolution is a change from preexisting character to new character

Answer 11

Phylogenetic

Question 12

Problem with phenetic class

Answer 12

Can be arbitrary

Question 13

Phylogenetic tree; has lines for lineage or clades that denote descent; has branching- divergence from a common ancestor

Answer 13

Cladogram

Question 14

Formal naming of taxa according to standardized system; international code of botanical nomenclature; taxon has one scientific name; binomial

Answer 14

Nomenclature

Question 15

Underscored or italicized; generic name always capitalized; specific epithet not capitalized; species name binomial

Answer 15

Scientific names

Question 16

Why use scientific names

Answer 16

Universal, common names are not consistent, tells nothing about rank, not all organisms have common name

Question 17

ICBN

Answer 17

International code of binomial nomenclature

Question 18

Principles of ICBN

Answer 18

Independence, type, priority, correct name, latinized, retroactive

Question 19

The naming of plants is independent of naming animals and other organisms

Answer 19

Principle of idependence

Question 20

Nomenclatural types

Answer 20

Principle II - Holotype, isotype, lectotype, neotype, syntype, paratype, kleptotype, boobootype

Question 21

Upon which a name is based originally used or designated at the time of publication

Answer 21

Holotype

Question 22

Duplicate of holotype (same time, collector and population)

Answer 22

Isotype

Question 23

Selected from original material to serve as the type when no holotype was designated or holotype is missing

Answer 23

Lectotype

Question 24

Derrived from nonoriginal material to serve as the type

Answer 24

Neotype

Question 25

Any specimen cited in the original work when a holotype was not designated; can be of 2 or more specimens

Answer 25

Syntype

Question 26

Specimen cited but not a holotype, iso or syn

Answer 26

Paratype

Question 27

First published name is priority

Answer 27

Priority

Question 28

Oldest published name is the correct one; publication should include descrip of taxon jn latin and author's native language

Answer 28

Correct name

Question 29

Associating an unknown taxon with a known one; taxonomic key (consists of sequentially choosing among a list of possiblities)

Answer 29

Identification

Question 30

Series of two contrasting statements; couplets; lead each statement in the couplet

Answer 30

Dichotomous key

Question 31

Consists of a list of numerous character states whereby user selects all of states that match the specimen; computer algorithm

Answer 31

Polyclave key

Question 32

Advantages of polyclave key

Answer 32

Useful if specimen lacks one data, ID will be narrowed

Question 33

How to identify

Answer 33

Written descrip, specimen comparison, image conversion

Question 34

Listing of plant taxa in a given region accompanies by keys and secrip

Answer 34

Flora

Question 35

Detailed taxonomy study of all species of a taxonomic group

Answer 35

Monograph

Question 36

Repository of preserved plant colections

Answer 36

Herbarium

Question 37

Places

Answer 37

Phil national plants conservation society and co's digital library