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Haemotology > Plasma > Flashcards

Plasma Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four main fluid compartments in humans?

A

Intracellular fluid (55%) Interstital fluid (between cells) Blood plasma Transcellular fluid

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2
Q

What is the role of interstital fluid

A

Carrying oxygen and nutrients Removal of cellular waste products

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3
Q

What is plasma

A

Liquid component of blood Contains more protein than interstital fluid 7%

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4
Q

What is transcellular fluid

A

CSF Ocular fluids

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5
Q

What is apherisis?

A

Blood of donor is collected and centrifuged Remaining blood returned to donor

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6
Q

What disorders can be treated using therapeutic aphersis

A

Plasma exchange LDL removal Red cell exchange Platelet depletion White blood cell depletion

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7
Q

Plasma vs Serum

A

Serum allows the blood to clot

Serum produces a cleaner sample

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8
Q

What are the functions of plasma

A

Clotting

Immune defence (antibodies and complements)

Osmotic pressure maintanence (albumin)

Metabolsim (glucose, amino acids and vitamins)

Endocrine (hormones)

Excretion (urea)

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9
Q

What is the role of serum albumin

A

Osmotic regulation

Makes up 55%

Lies close to the cathode

Transport of lipids and hormones

Transport of fatty acids for beta oxidation

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10
Q

What is the role of alpha-1 antitrypsin

A

Produced in the liver

Inhibits proteases

Inhibits neutrophil elastase which is released by neutrophils during inflammation

Deficiency can cause degradation of lung tissue

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11
Q

What is the role of haptoglobins

A

Haptoglobin binds to haemoglobin released from erthytrocytes

Removed from the spleen

Can help diagnosis haemolytic anaemia

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12
Q

What is the role of alpha-2 macroglobulin

A

Protease inhibitor

Inactivate fibrinolysis

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13
Q

What is the role of beta globulins

A

Consists of complemetn proteins such as C3 and C4

Transferrin is a b-globulin which helps transport iron(store of ferretin or from dietary iron)

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14
Q

What is the role of gamma globulins

A

Immunoglobulins

Acute-phase protein C-reactive protein

Reflects increase in immune activity

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15
Q

What electrolytes make up the plasma

A

Potassium is neutrolised by extracellular chloride ions as well as internal proteins, nucleic acids and phosphorylated proteins

Increase in intracelllular calcium indicate signalling events

Intracellular magnesium is an important cofactor

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16
Q

Why is the Na+K+ATPasa pump so important

A

Helps funciton excitable cells

Maintain cell volume

Depletion of ATP causes cells to look spherical

17
Q

What is covalescent plasma therapy

A

Passive immunity achieved by transfer of antibodies

Haemotology (9 decks)

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