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Clinical Chemistry > Proteins > Flashcards

Proteins Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

All proteins are synthesized in the liver, and by hepatocyte, except _____________

A

Immunoglobulins

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2
Q

Plasma Proteins (Migration in Electrophoresis)

Pre-albumin
Albumin
a1-globulin: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
a2-globulin: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
b-globulin: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
y-globulin: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
A

Pre-albumin
Albumin
a1-globulin: a1-antitrypsin, a1-acid glycoprotein, a-fetoprotein, Group-specific component globulin, a1-antichymotrypsin
a2-globulin: a2-macroglobulin, ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin
b-globulin: Transferrin, Hemopexin, b2-microglobulin, complement, Fibrinogen, Lipoproteins
y-globulin: Immunoglobulins, CRP

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3
Q

Prealbumin is also known as __________

A

Transthyretin

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4
Q

Used in Malnutrition Detection

A

Prealbumin

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5
Q

Albumin is a ______ acute phase reactant and a _______ transport protein.

A

Negative Acute Phase Reactant

General Transport Medium

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6
Q

Prognostic Marker for Cystic Fibrosis

A

Albumin

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7
Q

Presence of 2 bands in the albumin region

A

Bisalbuminemia

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8
Q

Major inhibitor of protease activity (protease neutrophil elastase)

A

a1-antitrypsin

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9
Q

Deficiency of a1-antitrypsin causes damage in alveoli that results to ___________________

A

Emphysema or Emphysematous pulmonary Disease

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10
Q

Most Abundant in Fetal Serum

A

AFP

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11
Q

AFP can be detectable in maternal blood up to ____ or ____ week.

A

7th or 8th week

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12
Q

Increased AFP in maternal blood can cause ________________ and _________________

A

Spina Bifida

Neural Tube Defects

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13
Q

Tumor Marker for Hepatic (HCC) and Gonadal

A

Alpha fetoprotein

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14
Q

Exhibits affinity with Vitamin D and actin or Vitamin D binding protein

A

Group specific component Globulin

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15
Q

a1 antichymotrypsin binds and inactivates __________________ and is associated with ____________.

A

Inactivates PSA and is associated with Alzheimer’s disease.

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16
Q

Largest non-immunoglobulin in plasma

A

a2 macroglobulin

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17
Q

a2 macroglobulin is increased 10x in _______________

A

Nephrosis/Nephrotic Syndrome

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18
Q

Copper-binding protein and a marker for Wilson’s disease

A

Ceruloplasmin

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19
Q

Decreased ceruloplasmin is seen in _______________, and _____________

A

Wilson’s Disease

Menke’s kinky-hair

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20
Q

Condition with deposition of copper in skin, liver, brain and cornea (Kayser Fisher rings)

A

Wilsons Disease

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21
Q

Binds Free Hemoglobin in its alpha chain

A

Haptoglobin

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22
Q

Light chain component of HLA

A

B2 microglobulin

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23
Q

Transports Iron and prevent Iron Loss

A

Transferrin/Siderophilin

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24
Q

Binds Heme released by degradation of Hb

A

Hemopexin

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25
Hemopexin detects for ____________
Early Hemolysis
26
Long Term Marker for prognosis of CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE (CHD)
Fibrinogen
27
Highest complement protein in serum
C3
28
General Scavenger Molecule and General Marker for Inflammation which binds to C polysaccharide of the pneumococcus
CRP
29
Nonspecific marker for chest pain and early detection of acute myocardial infarction
Myoglobin
30
Has greater cardiac specificity and highly specific for AMI
Troponin I
31
Tropomyosin Subunit
Troponin T
32
Diagnostic for Congestive Heart Failure
B Natriuretic Peptide
33
Negative Acute Phase Reactants
Albumin | Transferrin
34
Protein Structures Primary: _________ Secondary: ________ Tertiary: _________ Quaternary: _________
Protein Structures Primary: Linear Pattern Secondary: Bend Form/Twisting Pattern Tertiary: Folding Pattern Quaternary: Large Complex
35
Protein structure that is responsible for protein function
Tertiary Structure
36
Only protein with no Quaternary Structure
Albumin
37
Unaffected by protein denaturation
Primary Structure
38
First to be affected by Protein denaturation
Tertiary Structure
39
Determines the cause of Anemia
Transferrin
40
List of Proteins that is NOT quantified by SPE Mnemonics: CHACGc
``` Ceruloplasmin Hemopexin Alpha-acid glycoprotein CRP Gc-globulin ```
41
Specimen prepared for Protein Determination
Serum
42
Protein in CSF is ____ compared to plasma protein
< 1%
43
Aminoacidopathies *Disease: Enzyme defect* Phenylketonuria: _________ Tyrosinemia: ____________ Alkaptonuria: ___________ MSUD: ___________
``` Phenylketonuria: Phenylalanine hydroxylase Tyrosinemia: Type I - Fumarylacetoacetate Type II - Tyrosine aminotransferase Alkaptonuria: Homogentisic acid oxidase MSUD: a-keto acid decarboxylase ```
44
Reference Method in Protein Determination
Kjeldahl Method
45
Most widely used method
Biuret
46
Method based on measurement of the Nitrogen content of protein.
Kjeldahl Method
47
Method based on number of peptide bonds
Biuret
48
Principle: Biuret Method
Formation of VIOLET COLORED CHELATE between Cu2+ ions and peptide bonds
49
End color Product in Biuret Reaction
Violet
50
Amino acid requires at least ______ hrs of fasting, in order to avoid the effect of absorbed amino acids from diet.
6 - 8 hrs
51
Storage of Protein Sample Month: ______ 2 months: ______
Storage of Protein Sample Month: 2C - 4C 2 months: - 20C
52
Color Product in Folin-Lowry Method
Deep blue color
53
_____________ is the most widely used method in albumin determination
Dye Binding
54
Indication of small spikes in the B region
Iron deficiency anemia
55
Abnormal SEP: Gamma Spike
Multiple Myeloma
56
Abnormal SEP: B-y bridging
Hepatic Cirrhosis
57
Abnormal SEP: a2 globulin spike
Nephrotic Syndrome
58
Abnormal SEP: a1 globulin flat curve
a1 antitrypsin deficiency
59
Abnormal SEP: a1, a2, B globulin spike
Inflammation
60
Most specific dye that bind to ALBUMIN ONLY
Bromocresol Purple
61
Most common Dye
Bromocresol Green

Clinical Chemistry (20 decks)

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