Reformation Flashcards
How was the Anglican Church or Church of England developed?
Henry 8th used the Protestant movement as an excuse to break with the papacy in Rome so that he could create and English national church
Summarize the reformation.
In the 16th century an attempt to reform the Christian church developed into a Protestant movement that shattered the religious unity of Europe.
How did the Catholic Church respond to the Protestant movement?
With reforms and aggressive countermeasures
What was one reason why ppl felt the need for a religious reformation?
The papacy in Rome was widely seen to be more concerned with building and retaining worldly power & wealth than in guiding souls to salvation.
What was one way in which the papacy in Rome was widely seen to be more concerned with worldly power & wealth than in guiding souls to salvation?
The selling of indulgences -ppl paid to get rid of their sins
What were 5 abuses conducted by the Catholic Church?
Simony Pluralism Absenteeism Nepotism Indulgences
What is simony?
Buying and selling of benefices (church offices)
What is pluralism?
Being able to have more than 1 benefice at a time
What is absenteeism?
When the bishop doesn’t show up in their city
What is nepotism?
Giving positions to family or friends
-could be bc they owed somebody something or they want something from someone
How did Pope Leo X change the idea of indulgences?
He made it so that you could also buy indulgences for your dead relatives.
Why does Pope Leo X adjust the idea of indulgences?
So that he could have money to rebuild the St.Peters Basilica
Who was Johan Tetzel?
An indulgence preacher (salesman) sent out by Pope Leo X
Big advantage that Martin Luther had that others didn’t
The printing press
How did Martin Luther become so devoted to religion?
He had a fear of storms so one day there’s a storm so he prays to a saint saying that if he lives through the storm he will devote his live to God.
What is the 95 theses?
Written by Luther,
An economic argument about indulgences and why it’s incorrect
3 main concepts of luther’s belief
Sola scriptura
Sola fide
Sola gratia
Sola scriptura
(Martin Luther) “by scripture alone” his belief that the only authority for Christians is the bible (old and new testaments)
-claimed that the only 2 sacraments are baptism & communion bc they’re the only ones found in the bible
Sola fide
(Martin Luther) “by faith alone” his belief that salvation was achieved by faith alone
Sola gratia
(Martin Luther) “by grace alone” only by god’s grace choosing you do you receive salvation
What was the priesthood of all believers?
One of luther’s concept that argued that all true believers received God’s grace and were therefore priests in God’s eyes
Why did nobility find Luther appealing?
Luther was good friends with Fredrick of Saxony (a Prince) and the nobility of the GERMAN districts owed their allegiance to Fredrick
What are 3 of Luther’s famous pamphlets?
- “The Freedom of the Christian Man”
- “Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation”
- “On the Babylonian Captivity of the Church”
Importance of “The Freedom of the Christian Man”
Luther encouraged common men to obey their Christian conscience and respect those in authority who seemed to possess true Christian principles
