The Rise Of Sovereignty In Russia

Question 1

What who are the Boyars?

Answer 1

Old nobility who controlled the bureaucracy

Question 2

What was the Time of Troubles? (1604-1613)

Answer 2

Period of anarchy and civil war after the reign of Ivan of the Terrible

Question 3

How was the Times of Troubles resolved?

Answer 3

It was resolved by the Zemski Sobor by deciding to choose 17 yr old Mikhail Romanov as tsar

Question 4

As tsar what was Mikhail Romanov able to do?

Answer 4

He brought stability and centralization to Russia

Question 5

What are some common Russian themes during this time?

Answer 5

1) expansion

2) relatively backward

Question 6

What was the Zemsky Sobor?

Answer 6

An advisory assembly convened by the tsar

Literally it means “Assembly of the land”

Question 7

What are some long term conflicts in Russia during this time?

Answer 7

1) ppl vs. elite

2) tradition vs. modernity

Question 8

Who was the patriarch of the Russian Orthodox Church?

Answer 8

Nikon

Question 9

Nikon wanted reform of the church, what were some of his ideas?

Answer 9

Wanted reform with worship practices
Wanted reform with bible
Didn’t want the church to be torn apart

Question 10

What was an issue that Nikon faced when he wanted to reform?

Answer 10

Old believers like to stick to tradition and told Nikon that if he continues with the reform they will branch off and create their own church which was exactly what Nikon DIDNT want

Question 11

When did Peter I become the tsar? Who came before him?

Answer 11

1682 when he was 10 years old

Tsar before him was Theodore Romanov

Question 12

Who did Peter I co-tsar with? Why?

Answer 12

With his brother Ivan V

Bc he was Ivan V was “touched in the head”

Question 13

Who protected Peter I and Ivan V when they ruled as tsars? Why?

Answer 13

The streltsy; so that nobody would try to take their throne

Question 14

Who was Peter I and Ivan V regent?

Answer 14

Their older sister Sophia

Question 15

Describe the regent of Peter and Ivan

Answer 15

Sophia their older sister
She whispered things to Peter when political affairs were brought up to him
She attempted to take their throne

Question 16

What happens when Ivan V dies?

Answer 16

Peter I rules alone

Question 17

Who doesn’t Peter I trust? Why?

Answer 17

The boyars and the streltsy

Bc he wanted to protect the power of the tsar from the nobility and increase Russia’s military power (by himself)

Question 18

What happened in 1697- 1698?

Answer 18

Peter travels to the west to observe what they do in Western Europe so that he can modernize Russia

Question 19

What happened while Peter I was away looking at how to modernize Russia?

Answer 19

The streltsy had a rebellion

Question 20

How did Peter I put down the boyars and streltsy rebellion?

Answer 20

By executing leaders and publicly displaying it for everyone to see

Question 21

Why did the streltsy have a rebellion when Peter I went on a trip to Western Europe in 1697-1698?

Answer 21

Because they feared what new ideas Peter might bring back from Western Europe and thought it might jeopardize their pwr (didnt want to modernize liked traditional Russia)

Question 22

After the trip to Western Europe what are some reforms that Peter I brings?

Answer 22

1) tells ppl to wear short clothing; less black clothing
2) women don’t have to wear veils
3) makes the boyars shave their beards
4) stops granting boyar status

Question 23

What was Peter I greatest innovation? What was his goal?

Answer 23

The navy

Goal = warm water port

Question 24

What/ who are the streltsy?

Answer 24

Nobility; guards of the Moscow garrison

Question 26

What was the main reason for the Great Northern War between Sweden and Russia?

Answer 26

Peter wanted to expand into the Baltic states but Sweden controls it so he has to fight Sweden for the Baltic states

Question 27

Why does Peter I want the Baltic states?

Answer 27

Bc he wants warm water ports

Question 28

Who ultimately won the great northern war? What battle determined the ultimate winner?

Answer 28

The Russians | The Battle of Poltava in 1709 where the Russians crush the Swedish army

Question 29

What was the Treaty of Nystad (1721)?

Answer 29

The treaty that ended the great northern war Gives Russia territory of Estonia, Livonia & a piece of Finland Establishes new Russian capital at St. Petersburg (in piece of Finland)

Question 30

What does Peter I consider as his "window to the west"?

Answer 30

Capital @ St.Petersburg Bc he's trying to show Western Europe that Russia can be like them (Moves Russia away from tradition)

Question 31

What territories did Russia gain as a result of the Great Northern War?

Answer 31

Estonia, Livonia & a piece of Finland

Question 32

How does Peter I try to update the tax system?

Answer 32

Wants to make it easier to collect and more hard for nobles to steal Included a poll tax Mercantilism: established joint stock companies -govt monopoly on metallurgy & textiles

Question 32

What was the poll tax brought forth by Peter I?

Answer 32

A tax on each individual as opposed to a tax on the household

Question 32

What was the Senate of 9 members? Why was it established?

Answer 32

A senate whose job was to run the govt when the tsar was away Peter I established it to prevent rebellions from happening while the tsar was away

Question 33

In what ways was Peter I paranoid?

Answer 33

Peter I thought his political enemies would become good friends with his son Alexi and plan to overthrow him

Question 34

What happens when Peter I son Alexi goes to Vienna secretly?

Answer 34

Peter tortures & interrogates Alexi and then executes Alexi

Question 35

What were some administrative reforms that Peter I did after he interrogated his son Alexi?

Answer 35

Established colleges | Table of ranks

Question 36

What was the table of ranks?

Answer 36

A new social hierarchy based on state service | A meritocracy

Question 37

What were some religious reforms that Peter I did after he interrogated his son Alexi?

Answer 37

Eliminated the position of the patriarch and replaced it with the Holy Synod Secular control over the church Replaced the bishops

Question 38

What was the Holy Synod?

Answer 38

Ecclesiastical governing body

Question 40

What did Peter I do when people didn't like his religious and administrative reforms?

Answer 40

Nothing he didn't give a crap

Question 41

When does Peter I rule?

Answer 41

1682-1725