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Flashcards in Renal Drugs Deck (25)
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1
Q

Name some chemo drugs used in Renal

A

Cyclophosphamide, IL-2 (Aldesleukin), IFN-Alpha, Sunitinib

2
Q

Name some immunosuppressive drugs used in Renal

A

Azathioprine, mycophenolate

3
Q

MoA of Azathioprine

A

Inhibits purine synthesis. Purines are needed to produce DNA and RNA. By inhibiting purine synthesis, less DNA and RNA are produced for the synthesis of white blood cells, thus causing immunosuppression.

4
Q

MoA of Mycophenolate (MMF)

A

leads to inhibition of DNA replication in T cells and B cells

5
Q

MoA of Hydroxychloroquine

A

by decreasing TLR signaling, reduces the activation of dendritic cells and the inflammatory process.

6
Q

Name a calcineurin inhibitor

A

Tacrolimus

7
Q

MoA of

A

Inhibits calcineurin, thus inhibiting both T-lymphocyte signal transduction and IL-2 transcription. It is immunosuppressive.

8
Q

Name some inotropes

A

Digoxin, Amiodarone

9
Q

Name a vasopressor

A

Epinephrine

10
Q

Reason for using inotropes

A

to restore effective tissue perfusion and to normalize cellular metabolism.

11
Q

MoA of Calcium Resonium

A

removes excessive amounts of potassium from the blood

12
Q

Name a vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist

A

Tolvaptan

13
Q

MoA of Tolvaptan

A

Improves urine flow without causing the body to lose too much sodium as you urinate.

14
Q

MoA of Fabrazyme

A

Agalsidase beta reduces deposits of globotriaosylceramide (GL-3) in the kidneys

15
Q

MoA of Phenazopyridine

A

when excreted into the urine, has a local analgesic effect.

16
Q

Side effects of Phenazopyridine

A

Turns urine orange

Discolours contact lenses

17
Q

Name some Alpha-blockers

A

Tamulosin, Alfuzosin

18
Q

MoA of Alpha-blockers

A

When alpha 1 receptors in the bladder neck and the prostate are blocked, this causes a relaxation in smooth muscle and therefore less resistance to urinary flow. Due to this, the pain associated with BPH can be reduced.

19
Q

MoA of Phenylephrine

A

decongestant that shrinks blood vessels

20
Q

Name a 5α-reductase inhibitor

A

Finasteride

21
Q

MoA of Finasteride

A

By inhibiting 5α-reductase, finasteride prevents conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by the type II and III isoenzymes, resulting in a decrease in serum DHT levels by about 65 to 70% and in prostate DHT levels by up to 85 to 90%

22
Q

MoA of Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone agonist/analogue

A

A gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH agonist) is an analogue that activates the GnRH receptor resulting in increased secretion of FSH and LH

23
Q

MoA of Anti-androgens

A

they prevent androgens like testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) from mediating their biological effects in the body. They act by blocking the androgen receptor (AR) and/or inhibiting or suppressing androgen production

24
Q

What is Diethylstilbestrol

A

a synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen

25
Q

MoA of Flouracil

A

principally a thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibitor- causing the death of cells which are growing fastest