Reproductive 2 - Female Reproductive System

Question 1

What are the two triangles of the female perineum? What do each of these contain?

Answer 1

Anterior urogenital triangle - contains external genitalia (vulva)

Anal triangle - contains anal canal, fat and vagina

Question 2

What are the gross structures of the female reproductive system? (these are the structures found in the vulva aka the external genitalia)

Answer 2

vagina, labia (majora and minora), clitoris, and mons pubis

Question 3

This is the space between the labia minora and majora.

Answer 3

Vestibule

Question 4

This is the complex erectile organ of the female reproductive system.

Answer 4

Clitoris

Question 5

What are the structures in the uterine tract of the female reproductive system?

Answer 5

ovary, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix and vagina

Question 6

What’s the difference between labia minora and majora?

Answer 6

Labia minora => smaller, more medial

Labia majora => larger, more lateral

Question 7

This functions to eliminate menstrual fluids, enable sexual intercourse and forms part of the birth canal. It lies between the urinary bladder and the rectum.

Answer 7

Vagina

Question 8

What artery supplies the vagina? Where does this artery branch from?

Answer 8

Vaginal artery; branches off of internal iliac artery

Question 9

This serves as the passage between uterus and vagina. It produces mucus and regulates sperm transport.

Answer 9

Cervix

Question 10

This serves as the pathway for sperm transport. It enables development by providing nutritional support, protection and waste removal of embryo/foetus.

Answer 10

Uterus

Question 11

What arteries supply the uterus? Where do these arteries branch from?

Answer 11

Uterine arteries; branch from internal iliac artery

Spinal arteries which branch from uterine arteries

Question 12

What are the 3 layers of the uterus?

Answer 12

Endometrium, myometrium and perimetrium

Question 13

This is the layer of the uterus that contains the uterine glands and arteries. It grows and is also shed during each menstrual cycle.

What epithelia is it made of?

Answer 13

Endometrium; made of columnar epithelium

Question 14

This is a tube responsible for sweeping over the ovary to transport fertilised egg to the uterus.

What does it use to sweep the egg to the uterus?

Answer 14

Fallopian/uterine tubes; fimbriae

Question 15

What are the 3 parts of the fallopian tube? What is the significance of each of these parts?

Answer 15

Infundibulum; contains fimbriae (which transports the fertilised egg to the uterus)

Ampulla; site of fertilisation

Isthmus; narrow passageway

Question 16

What kind of contractions move the sperm down the uterine tube?

Answer 16

peristaltic contractions

Question 17

This is the site of oogenesis and hormone production.

Answer 17

Ovary

Question 18

What are the 2 regions of the ovary? What do these regions contain?

Answer 18

Outer cortex => contains the follicles

Inner medulla => contains connective tissue, blood, lymph, nerves

Question 19

What are the 4 main ligaments of the female reproductive system?

Answer 19

• broad ligaments
• suspensory ligaments
• ovarian ligaments
• round ligaments

Question 20

This ligament extends from the lateral pelvic walls and folds over the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes anteriorly and posteriorly.

Answer 20

Broad ligament

• mesometrium; over the uterus
• mesovarian; over the ovaries

-mesosalpinx; under/over the uterine tubes

Question 21

This ligament connects the ovary to the side of the uterus.

Answer 21

Ovarian ligament

Question 22

This connects the ovary to the lateral abdominal wall.

Answer 22

Suspensory ligament

Question 23

This ligament forms between horns of uterus to the labia majora.

Answer 23

Round ligament

Question 24

What are the ligaments that help to support and anchor the ovaries?

Answer 24

Broad ligaments; anchor ovary posteriorly and anteriorly by folding over ovaries

Ovarian ligament; what connects ovary to the uterus wall

Suspensory ligament; what connects ovary to the lateral abdominal wall.

Question 25

This is in between the rectum and the bladder.

Answer 25

Uterus

Question 26

What are the 2 pouches created by the broad ligament? What are their locations with respect to the uterus?

Answer 26

Vesicouterine pouch - anterior to the uterus
Rectouterine pouch - posterior to the uterus

Question 27

What is the passage of milk?

Answer 27

lobules&raquo_space; alveoli&raquo_space; lactiferous ducts&raquo_space; open at nipple pores

Question 28

This hormone stimulates the secretion of LH and FSH from the anterior pituitary.

Answer 28

GnRH (from hypothalamus)

Question 29

This hormone stimulates follicular growth during the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle.

Answer 29

FSH

Question 30

This hormone stimulates the secretion of estradiol and suppresses GnRH.

Answer 30

LH

Question 31

This hormone suppresses the secretion of FSH. It is produced by the granulosa cells of the oocytes .

Answer 31

Inhibin

Question 32

This hormone maintains the endometrium; promotes endometrial maturation during the lutea l/secretory phases.

It also sends negative feedback over to the hypothalamus to suppress secretion of FSH and LH.

Answer 32

Progesterone

Question 33

This hormone promotes endometrial growth.

Answer 33

Estradiol

Question 34

What kind of ligaments support the mammary glands in the breast?

Answer 34

Suspensory ligaments