self-presentation (3)

Question 1

reasons why people engage in self-presentation

Answer 1

• facilitate social interaction
• gain material and social rewards
• self-construction

Question 2

face work

Answer 2

the process by which threats to an individual’s face are managed and maintained during social interactions and can be used in a preventive way so that the occurrence of threats can be minimized before the threats are issued.

Question 3

self-symbolizing

Answer 3

We use social symbols to signal our identities to other and have them validated

Question 4

social acuity

Answer 4

our ability to know what we would need to do in order to successfully create a desired impression

Question 5

relationship between high self-monitoring and attitude-behavior congruence

Answer 5

• High self-monitor: Carefully monitors situational cues, then changes behavior to match situation
• Low self-monitor: Largely ignores situational cues, behavior matches inner personality despite context

Question 6

difference between public self-consciousness and self-monitoring

Answer 6

• Self-monitoring & public self-consciousness tend to be positively correlated
• BUT self-monitoring is motivated, public self-consciousness isn’t
• People high in public self-consciousness don’t necessarily change who they are in response to the situation (unlike high self-monitors)

Question 7

public vs. private self-consciousness

Answer 7

-Public self-consciousness: focusing on oneself as a social objects & how one is seen by others. The extent to which people focus on the public, observable aspects of themselves

-Private self-consciousness: attending to one’s inner states
The extent to which one introspects

Question 8

five self-presentation strategies

Answer 8

• ingratiation
• self promotion
• intimidation
• exemplification
• supplication

Question 9

ingratiation

Answer 9

• Goal: Get the other person to like you
• Behaviors: Compliments, favors, flattery
• Risks: May be seen as insincere and deceitful; But people are surprisingly willing to accept flattery at face value.

Question 10

self-promotion

Answer 10

• Goal: Convince people of your competence; that you are capable, intelligent, talented
• Behaviors: Boasting, showing off; tooting your own horn
• Risks: Being seen as conceited or fraudulent

Question 11

intimidation

Answer 11

-Goal: To be feared by others

Behaviors: Threats

Risks: Being seen as ineffectual or being reviled

Question 12

exemplification

Answer 12

Goal: Create the impression that you are morally superior, virtuous, or righteous

Behaviors: Self-denial, martyrdom, exaggerate one’s suffering

Risks: Being seen as sanctimonious or hypocritical

Question 13

supplication

Answer 13

Goal: To be seen as helpless

Behaviors: Publicly exaggerate weaknesses and deficiencies; self-deprecate

Risks: Can be seen as manipulative or demanding

Question 14

trade-off between beneficiality and believability

Answer 14

• beneficiality: presenting the most advantageous image possible
• Believability: making sure that the image is believable

Question 15

Schlenker (1975) Design

Answer 15

participants were led to believe that they would do very well or very poorly on an upcoming test. They were then given the chance to present themselves to other people who either would or would not learn how they did on the upcoming test.

Question 16

Schlenker (1975) results

Answer 16

participants did not present themselves in highly positive terms was when they expected to do poorly and believed the audience would learn how they did

-When participants believed the audience would not know how they performed, they publicly claimed high ability even though they privately doubted that their ability was high.

Question 17

what personality variables associated with a protective self-presentational style

Answer 17

-shyness, low self-estem, depression, social anxiety

Question 18

5 types of account giving

Answer 18

• Claim innocence (denial of responsibility)
• Reinterpretation (reframe as a positive, neutral, or less negative)
• Justification (legitimize one’s behavior)
• Excuse (reduce intentionality or describe situational factors)
• Apology (accept responsibility and move on)

Question 19

preemptive excuse making

Answer 19

-Pointing out to others that we possess a characteristic that negatively affects performance; giving an explanation before the actual behavior

-Setting up a situational (rather than personal) attribution
Should

Question 20

symbolic self-completion theory

Answer 20

-assumes that most important identities require social validation , thus people actively try and conceive others that they are entitled to claim the identity

Question 21

differentiate and describe the two reasons why people tend to present a public identity that corresponds with their private self views

Answer 21

• to avoid looking like a hypocrite to others

- to create, maintain, or restore a positive social public/social identity