Sensory 7 Flashcards
(264 cards)
1
Q
conjunctiva
A
mucous membrane that lines the eyelids and outer surface of the eyeball
2
Q
orbit
A
bony cavity of the skull that encases the eye
3
Q
lacrimal glands
A
glands that secrete tears
4
Q
lacrimal ducts
A
channels that carry tears to the eyes
5
Q
nasolacrimal ducts
A
ducts that carry tears from the lacrimal glands to the nose
6
Q
tarsal glands
A
oil glands along the edges of the syslids that lubricate the eye
7
Q
aqueous humor
A
watery fluid that fills the anterior chamber of the eye between the lens and the cornea
8
Q
cornea
A
transparent outer covering of the anterior portion of the eye
9
Q
iris
A
colored muscular part of the eye located behind (posterior to) the cornea that allows light to pass through
10
Q
sclera
A
tough fibrous outer layer of the eye (the white of the eye) that extends from the cornea to the optic nerve
11
Q
choroid
A
middle layer of the eye that contains blood vessels
12
Q
lens
A
transparent structure behind (posterior to) the pupil that bends and focuses light rays
13
Q
pupil
A
opening in the middle of the iris through which light passes
14
Q
vitreous humor
A
jelly-like fluid that fills the posterior chamber of the eye between the lens and the retina
15
Q
fundus
A
posterior portion of the interior of the eyeball, visible through the ophthalmoscope
16
Q
optic nerve (CN I)
A
cranial nerve I that carries impulses from the retina to the brain to provide the sense of sight
17
Q
retina
A
innermost layer of the eye that contains visual receptors (rods and cones)
18
Q
blephar/o
A
eyelid
19
Q
conjunctiv/o
A
conjunctiva
20
Q
cor/e, cor/o
A
pupil (of the eye)
21
Q
corne/o
A
cornea
22
Q
cry/o
A
cold
23
Q
dacry/o
A
tears, lacrimal (tear) duct
24
Q
dipl/o
A
double, two
25
ir/o, irid/o
iris
26
kerat/o
cornea
27
lacrim/o
tears, lacrimal (tear) duct
28
ocul/o
eye
29
ophthalm/o
eye
30
opt/o
vision, eye
31
phot/o
light
32
presby/o
related to aging
33
pupill/o
pupil (of the eye)
34
retin/o
retina
35
scler/o
hard, sclera
36
ton/o
tension, pressure
37
bi-, bin-
two, twice
38
choroido-
the choroid
39
ictero-
jaundice (yellow)
40
-ectasia, -ectasis
dilation, stretching
41
-lysis
destruction, breakdown, separation
42
-malacia
softening
43
-meter
instrument for measuring
44
-metry
measurement of
45
-opia, -opsia
vision
46
-pexy
surgical fixation
47
-phobia
abnormal fear of, aversion to, sensitivity to
48
-plasty
surgical repair, reconstruction
49
-plegia
paralysis
50
-ptosis
prolapse, drooping, sagging
51
-rrhea
flow, discharge
52
-scopy
process of examining, examination
53
-spasm
involuntary movement
54
-trophia
to turn
55
accommodation
ability of the eye to adjust focus on near objects
56
binocular
pertaining to both eyes
57
blepharal
pertaining to the eyelid
58
conjunctival
pertaining to the conjunctiva
59
corneal
pertaining to the cornea
60
intraocular
within or inside the eye
61
iridal, iridial
pertaining to the iris
62
lacrimal
pertaining to tears
63
ocular
pertaining to the eye
64
ophthalmic
pertaining to the eye
65
optic
pertaining to vision
66
pupillary
pertaining to the pupil
67
retinal
pertaining to the retina
68
scleral
pertaining to the sclera
69
amblyopia
poor vision, usually in only one eye, caused by abnormal development of the visual areas; lazy eye
70
astigmatism
distorted, blurry vision caused by abnormal curvature of the cornea and/or lens
71
blepharitis
inflammation of the eyelid
72
blepharoptosis
drooping of the eyelids
73
blepharospasm
contraction of the muscles surrounding the eye, causing uncontrolled blinking
74
cataract
clouding of the lens of the eye, causing poor vision
75
chalazion
inflammation of the eyelid from a blocked tarsal gland
76
color blindness
deficiency in distinguishing some colors
77
conjunctivitis
highly contagious inflammation of the conjunctive; pinkeye
78
dacryoadenitis
inflammation of a lacrimal gland
79
dacryocystitis
inflammation of the lacrimal sac
80
dacryolith
stone in the lacrimal sac or lacrimal ducts
81
dacryorrhea
excessive discharge of tears
82
detached retina
separation of the retina from the choroid in the back of the eye
83
diabetic retinopathy
degenerative changes of the retina caused by diabetes mellitus
84
diplopia
double vision
85
exophthalmos
abnormal protrusion of one or both eyeballs
86
glaucoma
group of diseases of the eye characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the optic nerve
87
hordeolum
infection of an oil gland of the eyelid
88
hyperopia
farsightedness
89
iridomalacia
softening of the iris
90
iridoplegia
paralysis of the iris
91
iritis
inflammation of the iris
92
keratitis
inflammation of the cornea
93
keratomalacia
softening of the cornea, usually associated with severe vitamin A deficiency
94
macular degeneration
deterioration of the macula (the central part of the retina), causing impaired central vision
95
myopia
nearsightedness
96
nyctalopia
poor vision in reduced light or at night
97
nystagmus
involuntary rhythmic movements of the eye
98
ophthalmalgia
pain in the eye
99
ophthalmia
condition of the eye characterized by severe conjunctivitis
100
ophthalmopathy
any disease of the eyes
101
ophthalmoplegia
paralysis of the eye muscle
102
photophobia
extreme sensitivity to light
103
presbyopia
impaired vision caused by old age
104
pterygium
growth of conjunctival tissue over the cornea
105
retinal tear
small retinal detachment that allows vitreous fluid to seep under the retina
106
retinitis pigmentosa
hereditary progressive deterioration of the retina causing nyctalopia and impaired vision
107
retinopathy
any disease of the retina
108
scleritis
inflammation of the sclera
109
scleromalacia
softening or thinning of the sclera
110
strabismus
abnormal alignment of the eyes caused by intraocular muscle imbalance
111
xerophthalmia
excessive dryness of the conjunctiva and cornea, usually associated with vitamin A deficiency
112
extraocular movement (EOM)
movement of the upper eyelids and eyeballs through use of the extraocular muscles; assessed during clinical examination to screen for eye movement disorders
113
fluorescein angiography
visualization and photographic recording of the flow of an orange fluorescent dye through the blood vessels of the eye
114
keratometer
instrument used for measuring the curvature of the cornea
115
ophthalmoscope
instrument used for examining the interior of the eye through the pupil
116
ophthalmoscopy
use of the ophthalmoscope to view the interior of the eye
117
pupillometer
instrument used for measuring the diameter of the pupil
118
pupillometry
measurement of the pupil
119
refraction
test using a manual refractor to determine an exact prescription for corrective lenses
120
retinoscopy
examination of the retina
121
Snellen chart
chart containing letters that is used to test visual sharpness
122
tonometer
instrument used for measuring pressure within the eye
123
tonometry
use of the tonometer to measure intraocular pressure within the eye
124
visual acuity (VA) testing
testing for the sharpness (clarity) of distant vision, usually with a Snellen chart
125
visual field (VF) testing
assessment of the range (area) visible to one eye without movement
126
blepharoplasty
surgical repair of the eyelid
127
cataract extraction
surgical removal of a cataract
128
cryoretinopexy
surgical fixation of a detached retina or retinal tear by using extreme cold (freezing) to seal the tear
129
dacryocystotomy
incision into the lacrimal sac
130
enucleation
removal of an eyeball
131
intraocular lens (IOL) implant
implantation of an artificial lens to replace a defective natural lens
132
iridectomy
excision of part of the iris
133
iridotomy
incision into the iris, usually with a laser, to allow drainage of aqueous humor in therapy for narrow-angle glaucoma
134
keratoplasty
surgical repair of the cornea
135
laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK)
procedure that uses a laser to create a cornea flap and reshape the corneal tissue
136
phacoemulsification
use of ultrasound to shatter and break up a cataract followed by aspiration and removal
137
photorefractive keratectomy (PRK)
procedure using a laser to reshape the cornea to correct vision
138
retinal photocoagulation
repair of a retinal detachment or tear by using a laser beam to coagulate the tissues to allow a seal to form
139
scleral buckling
repair of a retinal detachment by attaching a band (buckle) around the sclera to keep the retina from pulling away
140
sclerotomy
incision into the sclera
141
trabeculectomy
surgical procedure to create a drain to reduce pressure within the eye
142
vitrectomy
removal of all or part of the vitreous humor
143
corticosteroid
drug that reduces inflammation; used to treat swelling and itching of the eye
144
hypotonic
drug used to relieve dry irritated eyes
145
miotic
drug used to constrict the pupil
146
mydriatic
drug used to dilate the pupil
147
prostaglandin
drug that relaxes muscles in the eye's interior to allow better outflow of fluids
148
optician
one who fills prescription for corrective lenses
149
optometry
medical speciality concerned with examination of the eyes and related structures to determine vision problems and eye disorders and prescribe corrective treatment or lenses
150
ophthalmology
medical speciality concerned with the study of the eye, its diseases, and refractive errors
151
EOM
extraocular movement
152
IOL
intraocular lens
153
IOP
intraocular pressure
154
LASIK
laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis
155
OD
right eye
156
OS
left eye
157
OU
each eye
158
PRK
photorefractive keratectomy
159
VA
visual acuity
160
VF
visual field
161
auricle
external portion of the ear that directs sound waves
162
external auditory canal
passage leading inward from the auricle to the tympanic membrane
163
cerumen
waxy substance produced by glands of the external auditory canal; earwax
164
tympanic membrane (TM)
eardrum; a semitransparent membrane that vibrates to transmit sound waves to the ossicles
165
mastoid cells
numerous small interconnecting cavities in the mastoid process of the temporal bone
166
auditory tube
canal that connects the middle ear to the pharynx (throat)
167
auditory ossicles
three small bones (malleus, incus, stapes) of the middle ear that transmit sound waves
168
malleus
largest auditory ossicle; shaped like a hammer
169
incus
middle auditory ossicle; shaped like an anvil
170
stapes
smallest auditory ossicle; shaped like a stirrup
171
labyrinth
inner ear; made up of a series of semicircular ducts (canals), the vestibule, and the cochlea
172
cochlea
a snail-shaped organ that contains the organ of hearing
173
spiral organ
receptor for hearing located within the cochlea
174
vestibule
anatomic chamber such as that found in the inner ear
175
semicircular canals
three bony tubes in the labyrinth that contain receptors that assist in maintaining balance
176
semicircular ducts
three small membranous tubes of the vestibular labyrinth within the bony semicircular canals
177
vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)
sensory cranial nerve within the labyrinth that consists of two branches, the vestibular nerve (for balance), and the cochlear nerve (for hearing)
178
acous/o
hearing, sound
179
audi/o
hearing
180
aur/i, aur/o
ear
181
cochle/o
cochlea
182
labyrinth/o
labyrinth, inner ear
183
mastoid/o
mastoid cells, mastoid process
184
myring/o
tympanic membrane, eardrum
185
ot/o
ear
186
scler/o
hard, sclera
187
staped/o
stapes
188
tympan/o
tympanic membrane, eardrum
189
vestibul/o
vestibule
190
dys-
painful, difficult, abnormal
191
meato-
passage, external opening of a canal
192
-acousis, -acusis
hearing
193
-algia
pain
194
-ectomy
excision, surgical removal
195
-stomy
surgical opening
196
acoustic
pertaining to hearing or sound
197
auditory
pertaining to hearing
198
aural
pertaining to the ear
199
cochlear
pertaining to the cochlea
200
labyrinthine
pertaining to the labyrinth or inner ear
201
mastoid
pertaining to mastoid cells
202
otic
pertaining to the ear
203
tympanic
pertaining to the tympanic membrane or tympanic cavity
204
vestibular
pertaining to a vestibule
205
acoustic neuroma
a benign but life-threatening tumor that develops on the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)
206
cerumen impaction
excessive buildup of earwax
207
cholesteatoma
cyst-like tumor of skin in the middle ear behind the tympanic membrane that grows into the bone
208
conductive hearing loss
hearing loss due to a lesion in the external auditory canal or middle ear
209
dysacusis
any hearing impairment involving difficulty in the processing of sound
210
labyrinthitis
inflammation of the inner ear
211
mastoiditis
inflammation of the air cell system of the mastoid process
212
meniere disease
chronic disorder of the inner ear caused by fluid accumulation in the labyrinth and characterized by dizziness, tinnitus, hearing loss, and a sensation of pressure
213
myringitis
inflammation of the tympanic membrane
214
otalgia
pain in the ear
215
otitis externa (OE)
inflammation of the external auditory canal
216
otitis media (OM)
inflammation of the middle ear
217
otomycosis
fungal infection in the ear
218
otopyorrhea
discharge of pus from the ear
219
otorrhea
discharge from the ear
220
otosclerosis
hardening of the ossicles, particularly the stapes
221
presbycusis
impaired hearing caused by old age
222
sensorineural hearing loss
hearing loss caused by damage to the inner ear or the cochlear branch of cranial nerve VIII
223
tinnitus
noises in the ear, such as ringing, buzzing, or humming
224
tympanic membrane perforation
a hole in or rupture of the eardrum
225
vertigo
a spinning sensation; dizziness
226
audiogram
record of hearing
227
audiometer
instrument for measuring hearing
228
audiometry
measurement of hearing
229
decibel (dB)
unit for expressing the intensity of sound
230
electronystagmography (ENG)
recording of eye movements in response to electrical impulses to diagnose balance problems
231
hertz (Hz)
unit of measure of frequency or pitch of sound
232
otoscope
instrument for examining the ear
233
otoscopy
use of an otoscope to examine the external auditory canal and tympanic membrane
234
tympanogram
record of middle ear function (presented in graph form)
235
tympanometer
instrument for measuring middle ear function
236
tympanometry
measurement of middle ear function
237
cochlear implant
an electronic device implanted in the cochlea to stimulate the cochlear (auditory) nerve and provide hearing sensations for the profoundly deaf
238
ear lavage
irrigation of the ear to remove cerumen (wax) buildup
239
labyrinthectomy
excision of part of the labyrinth
240
mastoidectomy
excision or part of the mastoid process of the temporal bone and middle ear to drain or remove lesions
241
mastoidotomy
incision into the mastoid process of the temporal bone
242
myringotomy; tympanostomy
surgical incision (opening) into the tympanic membrane to drain fluid from the middle ear (usually done with subsequent tympanostomy tube placement)
243
otoplasty
surgical repair of the external ear
244
stapedectomy
removal of the stapes and replacement with a prosthesis
245
tympanoplasty
surgical repair of the tympanic membrane and middle ear
246
tympanostomy tube placement
placement of a small tube through the tympanic membrane to relieve symptoms caused by fluid buildup
247
antibiotic
drug that acts against microorganisms
248
ceruminolytic
a substance instilled into the external auditory canal to soften earwax
249
otic
any medication that can be instilled drop by drop into the ear
250
audiology
medical speciality concerned with the study and treatment of hearing disorders and fitting of hearing aids
251
otology
medical speciality concerned with the study of the ears and treatment of ear disease
252
otorhinolaryngology
medical speciality concerned with diseases of the ear, nose, and throat (pharynx and larynx)
253
AD
right ear (audis dexter)
254
AS
left ear (auris sinister)
255
AU
each ear, both ears (auris utraque)
256
dB
decibel
257
EENT
eyes, ears, nose, and throat
258
ENG
electronystagmography
259
ENT
ears, nose, and throat
260
HEENT
head, eyes, ears, nose, and throat
261
Hz
hertz
262
OE
otitis externa
263
OM
otitis media
264
TM
tympanic membrane
