Set 19 Flashcards
(32 cards)
Guest Group
A Windows user group with minimal access rights, typically used for temporary or limited users, often including the Guest account.
GUI
(Graphical User Interface). A visual way to interact with a computer using windows, icons, and menus instead of command-line text.
Half Duplex
A communication mode where data can flow in both directions, but only one direction at a time, like a walkie-talkie.
Hang
When a computer or application becomes unresponsive or freezes, often requiring a restart or forced close.
Hang Time
The amount of time a system remains unresponsive during a hang or freeze before recovering or requiring a reset.
Hard Drive
A traditional mechanical storage device that uses spinning magnetic disks to store data persistently.
Hard Reset
A manual or physical reset that returns a device to its factory default state, erasing all user data and settings.
Hard Token
A physical device (like a key fob or smart card) used for two-factor authentication, often generating a one-time code.
Hardware
The physical components of a computer system, such as the CPU, RAM, hard drive, motherboard, and peripherals.
Hardware Firewall
A dedicated physical device that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic to protect a network from threats.
Hardware Protocol
A set of rules for hardware communication, like USB, SATA, or PCIe, that defines how devices interact.
Hardware Virtualization
Technology that allows physical hardware to simulate multiple virtual machines (VMs) using software like a hypervisor.
Hardware-Assisted Virtualization
A CPU feature (like Intel VT-x or AMD-V) that enhances VM performance by allowing better direct hardware access for virtual machines.
Hash
A fixed-length, unique digital fingerprint of data created by a hash algorithm; used in security and data integrity verification.
HDD
(Hard Disk Drive). Another term for hard drive—a non-volatile storage device that uses magnetic spinning platters to store data.
HDMI
(High-Definition Multimedia Interface). A digital interface used to transmit high-quality audio and video between devices like computers, monitors, and TVs.
Heat Dope
Another term for thermal paste—a compound applied between a CPU and heat sink to improve heat transfer.
Heat Sink
A metal component (usually with fins) that dissipates heat away from CPUs or GPUs to prevent overheating.
Hex (Hexadecimal)
A base-16 numbering system using 0–9 and A–F; commonly used in programming, memory addresses, and color codes.
Hibernate
A power-saving mode where the system saves the current session to disk and completely powers off, resuming later without data loss.
Hidden Attribute
A file or folder property that makes it invisible to standard directory listings unless settings are changed to show hidden files.
Hierarchical Directory Tree
A structured file system layout where folders (directories) contain subfolders and files, forming a tree-like hierarchy.
High Availability
A system design goal that ensures continuous uptime and minimal service disruption, often through redundancy and failover systems.
HDR
(High Dynamic Range). A display technology that provides richer colors and better contrast, improving visual quality in supported monitors and TVs.
