Set 5 Flashcards
(20 cards)
Bollard
A sturdy, short post installed outdoors to restrict vehicle access and protect buildings or pedestrian areas from collisions or unauthorized vehicles. Common in parking lots and around sensitive facilities.
Boot
The process a computer follows to start up and load the operating system. It begins with hardware initialization (POST), then loads the bootloader, which starts the OS. Also called booting up or starting the system.
Boot Method
The way a computer loads its operating system during startup. Common methods include:
- BIOS/Legacy Boot: Loads OS from traditional BIOS firmware.
- UEFI Boot: Uses modern UEFI firmware with faster startup and support for larger drives.
- Network Boot (PXE): Loads OS over a network instead of local storage.
Boot Options
Settings that determine the order and devices from which a computer tries to load the operating system during startup. Common options include booting from the hard drive, USB drive, CD/DVD, or network (PXE). Configured in BIOS or UEFI setup.
Boot Sector
A special area on a storage device (like a hard drive or USB) that contains the code needed to start the boot process. It loads the operating system’s bootloader into memory. If corrupted, the system may fail to boot.
Bootable Disk
A storage device (like a USB or CD/DVD) containing the necessary files to start (boot) a computer and load an operating system or utility.
Bootleg Application
Software that is illegally copied, distributed, or used without proper licensing or authorization.
bootmgr
Short for Boot Manager, a Windows system file responsible for loading and managing the Windows boot process during startup.
bootrec
A Windows command-line tool used to repair boot issues by fixing the Master Boot Record (MBR), boot sector, or Boot Configuration Data (BCD).
Botnet
A network of compromised computers (bots) controlled remotely by an attacker, often used to launch attacks like DDoS or spread malware.
Broadband
A high-speed internet connection that can carry multiple signals simultaneously, providing fast data transmission over cable, DSL, fiber, or wireless.
Broadcast
A network communication method where data is sent to all devices on a network segment or subnet.
Broadcast Domain
A group of devices on a network that receive the same broadcast traffic; typically limited by routers.
Browser
Software used to access and display websites on the internet, such as Chrome, Firefox, or Edge.
Brute Force Attack
A cyberattack method where an attacker tries many password combinations until the correct one is found.
Bug
An error or flaw in software or hardware that causes it to behave unexpectedly or incorrectly.
Bus
A communication pathway that transfers data between computer components like CPU, memory, and peripherals.
BYOD
(Bring Your Own Device). A policy allowing employees to use personal devices (laptops, smartphones) for work purposes.
Byte
A data unit consisting of 8 bits, typically representing one character.
Cable Internet
High-speed internet delivered over coaxial cable networks, commonly provided by cable TV companies.
