Flashcards in Set 5 Deck (58)
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1
hypopigmented spots, axillary freckles, skin nodules, lisch nodules
NF 1 or 2
2
heart sound in MI
4th heart sound = atrial gallop (diastolic dysfxn and stiff LV)
3
Tx bradycardia
IV atropine (muscarinic antagonist --> decreases vagal influence on SA node) then transcutaneous pacing
4
amylase in left-sided pleural effusion (3)
esophageal rupture, pancreatitis (or ruptured pseudocyst), or cancer
5
Tx prinzmetals angina
CCBs and/or nitrates
6
infant with central vs. peripheral cyanosis
central = hypoxemia in arteries suggesting CHD (ex perioral cyanosis but warm extremities)
peripheral = low cardiac output causing low blood flow/ excessive vasoconstriction --> normal PaO2, cold, cyanotic distal extremities
7
macrocytic anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia and decreased segmentation of PMNs
myelodysplastic syndrome
8
Deficiency seen in carcinoid syndrome
Niacin (its precursor, tryptophan, gets all used up to make serotonin)
9
MRI shows butterfly appearance with central necrosis
GBM
10
MRI shows heterogenous, serpiginous contrast enhancement
high grade astrocytoma
11
SLE patient taking hydroxychloroquine, what test does she need to have?
eye exams q6mo looking for retinopathy and/or corneal damage
12
akathisia vs. dystonia vs. tics vs. myoclonus vs. chorea
- akathisia - restlessness
- dystonia - sustained muscle contraction - twisting, repetitive movements, or abn postures. focal or diffuse. ex. torticollis
- athetosis - slow, writhing movements. ex. huntington's. rett's syndrome.
- tics - repetitive movements or vocalizations. ex. tourette's
- myclonus - jerking movements
- chorea - brief, irreg, flowing movements
13
What is a sestamibi scan for?
direct treatment in patients with hyperPTH either sx or asx with Ca>11, GFR<60 +/- osteoporosis
14
Esophageal tests algorithim for ordering if broad ddx
Barium esophagram then EGD then esophageal motility
15
Esophageal varices vs Mallory-Weiss Tears?
varices = VEINS (2/2 portal HTN)
MWT = ARTERIES (2/2 mucosal tears from heaving)
16
HIV drug causing hypersensitivity syndrome
abacavir (NRTI)
17
Eggshell calcification of hepatic cyst? Tx?
hydatid cyst = Echinococcus (via dog exposure)
Tx = Careful surgical drainage w/ albendazole
18
At what cutoff is it ok to give bicarb for metabolic acidosis?
pH <7.2, ie severe
19
Proximal muscle weakness + elevated CK? Tx?
dermato/polymyositis
Tx HIGH dose steroids (vs PMR)
20
CI of triptans (3)
uncontrolled HTN, CAD, Pregnancy
21
HIV drug causing hematuria w/ crystal-induced nephropathy
Indinavir (Protease Inhibitor)
22
Calcium levels in alkalosis, why?
decreased due to higher affinity of albumin for calcium
23
abnormality in coagulation profile in lupus
prolonged PTT 2/2 anticardiolipin Ab
24
Lip telangiectasias, epistaxis and polycythemia with normal WBC and plts
Hereditary telangiectasia aka Osler-Weber-Rendu
= AVMs occur primarily in mucus membranes, skin and GI tract but also liver, lung and brain
25
Liver mass histology with atypically enlarged hepatocytes containing glycogen and lipid deposits
hepatic adenoma
26
heberden nodes and bouchard nodes
OA = osteophyte formation in DIP and PIP respectively
27
Tx cerebral hemorrhage while on warfarin
d/c warfarin, ASA and other anticoagulants
give FFP and Vit K
28
Muscles+nerves involved in arm abduction
supraspinatous (suprascapular n) --> 1st 15 deg
deltoid (axillary n) --> 15-90 deg
trapezius (CN 11) and serratus anterior (LTN) --> lift above horizontal
29
Calcified adrenal glands =
primary adrenal insufficiency caused by TB (granulomas cause hypercalcemia)
30
