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Peds 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Jerky dancing in eyes and limbs, bluish skin nodules and tender abd mass? Dx test?

A

Neuroblastoma

Dx = urine homovanillic or vanillylmandelic acid

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2
Q

CALLA and TDT positive testing

A

ALL

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3
Q

Tx ALL

A

VDP (vincristine, dexamethasone and prednisolone) + Intrathecal methotrexate

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4
Q

14yo boy with enlarged, painless rubbery LN, diaphoresis and weight loss

A

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

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5
Q

CD15/CD30 and Reed Sternberg Cells

A

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

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6
Q

7yo girl, nonproductive cough and large anterior mediastinal mass

A

Non-hodgkin’s lymphoma

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7
Q

kid with high fever for 3 days THEN a pink, maculopapular rash develops on trunk and extremities

A

Roseola (HHV^ or 7) = exanthema subitum

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8
Q

2yo with fever, lacy reticular rash on face and upper body (not on palms/soles)

A

Parvo b19 5th disease = erythema infectiosum

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9
Q

Parvo is particularly bad in (3)

A

pregnancy, SS or thalassemia

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10
Q

Sandpaper rash

A

Scarlet Fever

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11
Q

Kid with sore throat develops 1-2 weeks later a maculopapular rash, desquamating that begins centrally and extends peripherally with strawberry tongue

A

Scarlet fever

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12
Q

Kid with a cough and runny nose, fever develops a macular rash around ears that spreads downwards, PE with gray spots on buccal mucosa

A

paramyxovirus = measles

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13
Q

Tx measles

A

supportive care and VITAMIN A!!!

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14
Q

kid with a sore throat develops fever, joint pain, fine rash on face that spread downwards with red spots on palate noted on PE

A

Rubella

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15
Q

Kid with poor feeding, vesicles on mouth, palm and soles with rash on butt/LE, +/- similar kids in daycare

A

Hand foot and mouth = coxsackie A virus

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16
Q

16yo male with swollen cheeks, fever and HA

A

paramyxovirus = MUMPS

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17
Q

2 serious sequelae of mumps

A

orchitis and/or sterility

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18
Q

Tx lyme disease

A

amoxicilin if <8yo, doxy of older

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19
Q

2 possible complications of RMSF

A

vasculitis and gangrene

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20
Q

Tx RMSF

A

doxycycline at ALL ages

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21
Q

Tx scabies

A

5% permethrin for ENTIRE family

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22
Q

kid with conjunctiva, multiple blisters and positive nikolsky sign, Tx?

A

SSS syndrome

Tx = IV oxicillin or nafcillin

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23
Q

MC tx for meningitis

A

ceftriaxone and vanc

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24
Q

Tx TB meningitis

A

RIPE and* steroids

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25
Tx lyme meningitis
ceftriaxone
26
Tx listeria meningitis
ampicillin
27
Tx acute OM
amoxicillin or azithro | if no improvement, augmentin
28
Tx otitis externa
ciprofloxacin
29
strep throat criteria
Fever, anterior cervical LAD, exudates and lack of cough
30
Tx retropharyngeal abscess
aspirate or I&D plus: 3rd gen cephalosporine, ampicillin or clindamycin
31
indications for tonsillectomy
6x/year for 2 yrs or 3x/yr for 3+ years
32
Steeple sign
croup
33
Hot potato / muffled voice
retropharyngeal abscess
34
Tx croup
mist, epinephrine nebulizer and steroids
35
"tripod" position
epiglotitis
36
thumbprint sign
epiglotitis
37
MCC pneumonia in neonate
GBS, E coli or listeria
38
MCC pneumonia infant 1-3mo
Chlamydia, RSV, parainfluenza or strep
39
MCC pneumonia 4mo-5yo??
RSV or strep pneumo
40
MCC pneumonia in kid>5yo
mycoplasma or strep pneumo
41
"staccato cough"
chlamydial pneumonia
42
Tx whooping cough (pertussis)
erythromycin 14d AND for ENTIRE family
43
Tx pyelonephritis
ceftriaxone OR amp+gent
44
Anterior knee pain with swelling over tibial tubercle
Osgood-Schlatter
45
Dandy Walker Malformation
cystic expansion of the 4th ventricle and agenesis of the cerebellar vermis
46
multiple symmetric contraction episodes of neck, trunk and extremities in infant? Tx?
infantile spasms | Tx = ACTH, 2nd line is prednisone
47
Infant EEG with asychronous, chaotic bilateral hyperarrhythmia
infantile spasms
48
8yo with poor balance, weak/no DTRs, upgoing babinski and dysarthric speech
friedreich ataxia
49
triad of friedreich ataxia
neuro (ataxia, dysarthria) skeletal (scoliosis, hammer toes) cardiac (HCM)
50
MCC death in friedreich ataxia
HCM, within 20yrs
51
Friedrich Ataxia inheritence
AR
52
2 yo with gait issues, loss of intellectual fxn, nystagmus and optic atrophy
metachromatic leukodystrophy
53
Pathophysiology metachromatic leukodystrophy
patho = deficiency of arylsulfatase A --> cerebroside sulfate accumulation
54
12 yo. Decreased school performance, behavior change, ataxia, spasticity, hyperpigmentation, hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, acidosis
Adrenoleukodystrophy
55
inheritance of metachromatic and adreno-leukodystrophies
``` MLD = AR ALD = XLR ```
56
6yo who is clumsy, frequent falls, thin legs, pes cavus and claw hand? Dx tests?
Charcot-Marie Tooth Dx EMG, bx +/- DNA testing normal* CPK
57
fanconi anemia vs diamond-blackfan anemia?
- fanconi - older kid (8 yo). progressive pancytopenia, macrocytosis. cafe au lait, absent thumbs, horseshoe kidneys - diamond-blackfan/ congenital hypoplastic anemia - most dx <1 yo. macrocytic pure red cell aplasia. short, webbed neck, cleft lip, shield chest, triphalangeal thumbs.
58
Kid with gout? pathophys
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, HGPRT deficency
59
Pathophys and dx of homocysteinuria? Tx?
``` patho = AR deficiency of cystathionine synthase dx = increased homocysteine AND methionine Tx = VIt B6 first then restrict methionine, supplement cysteine ```
60
Neonate with pustules containing eosinophils
erythema toxicum = self-limited benign
61
Supplementation of breastfed-only infants?
Vit D
62
bilious vomiting WITHOUT abd distention?
MC duodenal atresia (a/w downs)
63
increased gastric residual volume after decompression in premature infant?
Necrotizing eterocolitis
64
frog leg position. Small secondary to feeding problems, hypotonic, fasciulation fo tongue. Absent DTR. Dx? neonate with big body and tongue, but small head, omphalocele, hepatosplenomeg, hypogly/hyperins
Beckwith-Weidmann Syndrome
65
GI finding in congenital hypothyroidism
umbilical hernia
66
few days or weeks after birth with FTT, liver failure (jaundice, hepatomegaly), abn renal function, emesis, anorexia, glycosuira, infantile cataracts, later MR? enz? tx?
- galactosemia - galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase - tx: limit lactose and galactose

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