SHB Category: E, History

Question 1

What was man’s earliest use of the horse?

Answer 1

Food

Question 2

The horse’s greatest contribution to human history was its use as what?

Answer 2

War machine, tool of war

Question 3

What kind of environment did the earliest stages of Equus inhabit?

Answer 3

River banks and swamps

Question 4

How many classifications of one-toed animals are the besides the horse and its immediate relatives?

Answer 4

None

Question 5

Where did the horse originate?

Answer 5

North America (great plains)

Question 6

What tribe of indians was responsible for the development of the Appaloosa breed?

Answer 6

Nez Perce

Question 7

For what purpose was man’s earliest association with the horse?

Answer 7

As a source of food

Question 8

Name 3 distinguishing characteristics of the Perissodactyla

Answer 8

Odd number of toes, hooved, non-ruminant, mammals

Question 9

In the zoological order, what is the species of the horse?

Answer 9

Equus caballus

Question 10

What zoological classification contains animals with backbones?

Answer 10

Chordata

Question 11

To what breed did the Morgan contribute to substantially and later was replaced by this new breed on the track?

Answer 11

Standardbred

Question 12

How many years ago did Equus originate?

Answer 12

1 million years ago

Question 13

What is the Wild Horse of Central Europe?

Answer 13

Tarpan

Question 14

In the zoological order, what is the genus of the horse?

Answer 14

Equus

Question 15

The horse has the distinction of being the only animal in the world with what?

Answer 15

One toe on each foot

Question 16

How many other one-toed animals are there besides the horse and its immediate relatives?

Answer 16

None

Question 17

What was the first horse called and in what epoch did it appear?

Answer 17

Eohippus in Eocene epoch

Question 18

In the zoological order, what family does the horse belong to?

Answer 18

Equidae

Question 19

How many geological epochs did the horse family live on the North American continent?

Answer 19

Four

Question 20

In the zoological order, what phylum does the horse belong to?

Answer 20

Chordata

Question 21

Name another animal, other than the horse, in the order Perissodactyla

Answer 21

Rhinoceros, tapir

Question 22

What color is similar to that of the tarpan and Przewalski’s horse?

Answer 22

Dun or buckskin

Question 23

How did the horse migrate to other areas of the world from North America?

Answer 23

Existing land bridges at the time

Question 24

Why is it hard to find wild horses in their pure form?

Answer 24

They interbreed freely with domestic horses

Question 25

What is a tarpan?

Answer 25

European wild horse of East Prussia (Wild Asian horse)

Question 26

The horse evolved and flourished in North America during how many geological epochs?

Answer 26

Four

Question 27

During which epoch did the horse appear?

Answer 27

Eocene epoch

Question 28

Which Spanish explorer was credited with bringing the first spotted horses to the North American continent?

Answer 28

Cortez

Question 29

During the Eocene epoch, where did the ancestors of Equus live?

Answer 29

River banks of North America

Question 30

Why did the early horse become extinct in North America?

Answer 30

We don't know why, most theories have been discounted

Question 31

Although we do not know why, the horse disappeared from North America about the same time which mammal appeared?

Answer 31

Man

Question 32

Who introduced the East Coast Indians to horses?

Answer 32

Spanish explorers

Question 33

The first domesticated horses to reach the North American continent were the mount of whom?

Answer 33

Spanish conquistadors

Question 34

By 1000 BC, the domestication of the horse had spread to almost every part of what 3 areas of the world?

Answer 34

Europe, Asia, and North Africa

Question 35

A man's pathway to glory is strewn with what?

Answer 35

The bones of a horse

Question 36

What is the genus and species of the true zebra?

Answer 36

Equus zebra

Question 37

Where in the US are many fossil remains of the horse found?

Answer 37

River valley clays, sand and sandstone of American West

Question 38

What ability of the horse had the greatest significance in building civilization?

Answer 38

The role as a draft animal

Question 39

Name 4 continents where fossil remains of the horse have been found

Answer 39

Asia, Europe, Africa, South America, North America

Question 40

From 1650 to 1750, what effect did the horse have on North America?

Answer 40

Indians developed into a Great Horse Culture and the horse greatly changed the lifestyle and culture of the Plains Indians

Question 41

The evolution of the horse can be traced by detailed studies of which part of the horse's anatomy?

Answer 41

Teeth

Question 42

How many geological epochs did the horse survive before its extinction from North America?

Answer 42

Four

Question 43

What zoological classification contains warm blooded animals that give milk and have hair?

Answer 43

Mammalia

Question 44

What zoological order is the horse classified as and what does it denote?

Answer 44

Perissodactyla meaning odd-toed non-ruminating hooved animals

Question 45

What historical occurrence caused a severe decrease in the horse population in the US and occurred between 1918 and 1950?

Answer 45

Invention of combustion engine

Question 46

What highly sought after breed of tall, rangy draft horse was developed in Southern Pennsylvania for freight hauling, only to eventually die out and a breed registry was never established?

Answer 46

Conestoga horse

Question 47

What phylum does the horse belong to?

Answer 47

Chordata

Question 48

What is the zoological species of the horse?

Answer 48

Equus caballus

Question 49

What kingdom does the horse belong to?

Answer 49

Animalia

Question 50

What zoological class does the horse belong to?

Answer 50

Mammalia

Question 51

What is the name for the first "true horse" which originated in North America a million years ago?

Answer 51

Equus

Question 52

What was the epoch and stage of evolution of the horse when he disappeared from North America?

Answer 52

Pleistocene epoch and equus

Question 53

Name a breed of East Coast Indian horses

Answer 53

Chickasaw

Question 54

What horse broke the trotting record of Greyhound in 1969?

Answer 54

Nevele Pride

Question 55

Who was responsible of bringing the horse back to North America?

Answer 55

Spanish conquistadors

Question 56

In the 1950's, the number of horses in the US had dropped to how many head?

Answer 56

2 million

Question 57

Initial domestication of the horse occurred in several parts of the world at the same time. When did this domestication take place?

Answer 57

Between 4500-2500 BC

Question 58

In the zoological classification of the horse, the horse is of what order?

Answer 58

Perissodactyla

Question 59

In the zoological order what class does the horse belong to?

Answer 59

Mammalia

Question 60

How long did it take for the Great 'wild' horse herds of the Plain to become adapted to a region, after being re-introduced to North America?

Answer 60

200 years

Question 61

In the zoological scheme, name the classification of the horse's family.

Answer 61

Equidae

Question 62

Who brought the first horses back to the North American continent after the Ice Age?

Answer 62

Spanish Conquistadors

Question 63

Where was the original home of the horse 58 million years ago?

Answer 63

Great Plains of North America

Question 64

What caused the decrease in numbers of draft horses in the US in the early 1900s?

Answer 64

Invention of the combustion engine (tractors, cars, trucks)

Question 65

Mesohippus lived during what epoch?

Answer 65

Oligocene

Question 66

What was the use of the Conestoga horse?

Answer 66

Freight haulers

Question 67

Name the American Indian breed that is found in the ancestry of the Quarter horse, American Saddle horse, and Tennessee Walking horse.

Answer 67

Chickasaw

Question 68

How many horses were in the US in 1918?

Answer 68

21 million

Question 69

What is the family name of the horse?

Answer 69

Equidae

Question 70

In which epoch did the horse become extinct from North America?

Answer 70

Pleistocene

Question 71

Name the genus of the living members of the horse family.

Answer 71

Equus

Question 72

In the Northeastern US, there was a need for a versatile, light harness, driving, and riding horse. What breed was developed in response to this need?

Answer 72

Morgan

Question 73

What evolutionary stage was the horse in during the Ice Age?

Answer 73

Equus

Question 74

On what continent did Equus originate?

Answer 74

North America

Question 75

What is the genus and species of the horse?

Answer 75

Equus caballus

Question 76

How many races did Man O'War win?

Answer 76

21 out of 22

Question 77

Give the species name of the horse.

Answer 77

Equus Caballus

Question 78

What is the Greek word for horse?

Answer 78

Hippus

Question 79

Give the complete zoological classification of the horse.

Answer 79

``` Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Perissodactyla Family: Equidae Genus: Equus Species: Equus Caballus ```

Question 80

During what epoch did equus disappear from North America?

Answer 80

Pleistocene epoch

Question 81

Name 2 reasons why the horse family is a classic example of evolution.

Answer 81

Enormous changes in size and structure in response to its environment and well preserved fossil remains.

Question 82

Name 3 members of the genus, Equus

Answer 82

Horses, ponies, zebras, asses

Question 83

What are 6 ways the horse has served man throughout the ages?

Answer 83

Beast of burden, draft animal, means of transportation, war machine, recreation, companionship, and food

Question 84

In 1918, there were 21 million horses in the US, what type of horses were the most numerous?

Answer 84

Draft horses

Question 85

The horse's development was probably significantly affected by what 4 environmental factors?

Answer 85

Altitude, climate, soil, and forage

Question 86

What zoological order is the horse classified as and what does it denote about the horse?

Answer 86

Perissodactyla, means odd-toed, non-ruminating, hoofed animal

Question 87

The ancestors of Equus had numerous toes, what happened to the missing toes?

Answer 87

They became splint bones

Question 88

What is the species name for an ass?

Answer 88

Equus Asinus

Question 89

How many years ago did Equus originate?

Answer 89

1 million years ago

Question 90

Equus disappeared from North America in what epoch?

Answer 90

Pleistocene

Question 91

Give 3 examples of how evolution has affected the horse.

Answer 91

Increased in size, decreased number of toes, changed from browser to grazer, changed from living in swamp to grazing areas, teeth changed in size and function from browser to grazer, fusion of tibia and fibula, fusion of radius and ulna

Question 92

Name 3 common factors possessed by animals found in the order Perissodactyla

Answer 92

Odd-toed, non-ruminating, hoofed animals

Question 93

Give the zoological classification: the kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species of the horse.

Answer 93

Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Perissodactyla, Equidae, Equus, Equus Caballus