skeletal system

Question 1

of bones in the skeletal system

Answer 1

206

Question 2

functions of skeletal system

Answer 2

• support/ framework/ shape
• movement/ leverage
• protection (of organs)
• RBC production (red bone marrow)
• storage of minerals (calcium, energy/ lipids, phosphorus)
• endocrine regulation (calcitonin- hormone needed to grow bone)

Question 3

main bone types

Answer 3

• long
• short
• flat
• irregular
• sesamoid

Question 4

short bone

Answer 4

• as wide as they are long

- ex) patella, carpals, metacarpals, tarsals, metatarsals,

Question 5

flat bone

Answer 5

• flat plates of bone

- ex) ribs, cranium, sternum, pelvis, scapula

Question 6

irregular bone

Answer 6

• non uniform shaped bone

- ex) vertebrae, hyoid, mandible, ossicles

Question 7

sesamoid bone

Answer 7

• specialty bone

- ex) patella

Question 8

long bone

Answer 8

-ex) humerus, femur, tibia, phalanges

Question 9

sections of the long bone

Answer 9

• epiphysis (ends of bone)
• diaphysis (the middle section)
• spongy bone
• articulate cartilage (hyaline) lines the end

Question 10

difference of bone marrow within long bones

Answer 10

• red bone marrow (epiphysis where there’s spongy bone)

- white bone marrow (in the diaphysis- adipose)

Question 11

tissues of long bones

Answer 11

• periosteum

- endosteum

Question 12

periosteum

Answer 12

• feeds the bone
• make/ break bone
• isolates bone (around bone)

Question 13

endosteum

Answer 13

-lines the inside of bone

Question 14

types of bone cells in order

Answer 14

• osteogenic
• osteoblasts
• osteocypes
• osteoclasts

Question 15

osteogenic

Answer 15

• early cells (stem cell)
• receive DNA to become bone
• goes to designated location throughout the body

Question 16

osteoblasts

Answer 16

-immature and makes the matrix (needs nutrients)

Question 17

osteocytes

Answer 17

-mature bone cells

Question 18

-osteoclasts

Answer 18

-fix matrixes (keep bones from becoming too thick)

Question 19

what makes the matrix of the bone solid

Answer 19

• calcium carbonate

- calcium phosphate

Question 20

two divisions of the skeletal system

Answer 20

• axial

- appendicular

Question 21

largest bone in body

Answer 21

-femur

Question 22

smallest bone in body

Answer 22

-stapes (part of the ossicles)

Question 23

examples of bone protecting organs

Answer 23

• rib cage for lungs and heart
• vertabrae for spinal cord
• cranium for brain

Question 24

link between integumentary and skeletal system

Answer 24

-absorption of vitamin d by the integumentary system causes the absorption of calcium

Question 25

foramen

Answer 25

a hole in bone

Question 26

fontanel

Answer 26

- space between the bones in skull in an infant or fetus | - ossification has not completed and the sutures not fully formed.

Question 27

calcification

Answer 27

- accumulation of calcium salts | - formation of bone

Question 28

spina bifida

Answer 28

- incomplete closing of lamina - birth defect - spina cord is exposed to the environment

Question 29

kyphosis

Answer 29

- forward rounding of the back - common in older women - due to osteoporosis weakening spinal bones till the point that they crack and compress - thoracic

Question 30

lordosis

Answer 30

- abnormal inward rounding of the back - pelvic rests on top of the thighs - lumbar

Question 31

scoliosis

Answer 31

- sideways curve of the spine - occurs before puberty - could cause a decreased amount of space in chest which makes it difficult for lungs to function correctly

Question 32

compound fracture

Answer 32

- comes through the skin | - skin/ bone bleeds

Question 33

simple fracture

Answer 33

-break inside skin

Question 34

complete fracture

Answer 34

-bone is in two or more separate parts

Question 35

incomplete fracture

Answer 35

-fracture that still connects two pieces

Question 36

closed reduction

Answer 36

-realign and cast

Question 37

open reduction

Answer 37

-surgery

Question 38

transverse break

Answer 38

top and bottom pieces

Question 39

obliquee break

Answer 39

angled

Question 40

spiral break

Answer 40

- starts at top and spirals down - caused by catching falls - caused by grabbing arm and twisting

Question 41

green stick "break"

Answer 41

- bent bone - incomplete break - in young children/ underdeveloped bones

Question 42

splintered break

Answer 42

- complete break | - many chipped pieces

Question 43

compression

Answer 43

- tibia and taus | - collide

Question 44

depression

Answer 44

-cranium bone dents in

Question 45

hairline/stress fracture

Answer 45

- overuse and weakening of bone | - causes a crack

Question 46

of bones in axial skeleton

Answer 46

80

Question 47

of bones in appendicular skeleton

Answer 47

126