Skills ac - attribution Flashcards
(19 cards)
What is attribution
Perceived cause of a particular outcome
What model is related to attribution
Weiner (1979)
What were the two main variables which affected attribution according to Weiner
- locus of causality: internal or external
- Stability: stable or unstable (cannot/can be changed)
What section of Weiner’s model fits in stable, internal
Ability (I played better today)
What section of Weiner’s model fits in stable, external
Task difficulty (He is older than me and more experienced)
What section of Weiner’s model fits in unstable, internal
Effort (i trained really hard)
What section of Weiner’s model fits in unstable, external
Luck (ref gave me a good call)
What occurs if a performer attributes failure to external causes
Maintain confidence and motivation, takes away responsibility, but may avoid area for improvement in the future
What occurs if a performer attributes success to internal factors
Elevate confidence and expectations of achievement, can reinforce success, but may create inaccurate perceptions of competency
What occurs if a performer attributes success to stable factors
Increased motivation and desire to achieve again
What occurs if a performer attributes failure to unstable causes
Motivation may be retained as next time the outcome may change
What are characteristics of high achievers based on attributions
Demonstrate approach behaviour and attribute success to internal and failure to external factors
What are characteristics of low achievers based on attributions
Demonstrate avoidance behaviour and attribute success to external and failure to internal factors, resulting in learned helplessness
What is learned helplessness
The belief that failure is inevitable and the individual has no control over the factors that cause failure
What is mastery orientation
Individuals motivated to learn new skills and improve previous mistakes, opposite to learned helplessness
What was the 3rd dimension of Weiner’s model that was later added
Controllability
What is controllability
Whether or not attributions are controllable or uncontrollable (controllable is beneficial for praise and criticism)
What does attribution retraining refer to
Changing someone’s beliefs for success or failure. Attribute failure to internal, unstable, controllable factors to reduce learned helplessness
What is self serving bias
Performers who lose - failure attributed to external causes
Performers who win - attribute success to internal causes
