Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy Final > Somatic Sensory System > Flashcards

Somatic Sensory System Flashcards

(84 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

name the differences between somatic senses and other senses

A
  1. receptors are distributed throughout the body as opposed to being concentrated at small, specialized locations
  2. responds to many kinds of stimuli
  3. at least four senses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

name the four senses

A

temperature
body position
touch
pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

name the 5 types of somatic receptors

A 
mechanoreceptors
nociceptors
thermoreceptors
proprioceptors
chemoreceptors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

define mechanoreceptors

A

sensitive to physical distortion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

define nociceptors

A

respond to damaging stimuli; pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

define thermoreceptors

A

sensitive to changes in temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

define proprioceptors

A

monitor body position

are associated with joints, tendons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

define chemoreceptors

A

respond to certain chemicals

smell, taste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

nociceptors and thermoreceptors can be classified as

A

free nerve endings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

the most cutaneous receptors are

A

encapsulated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what does stimuli applied on skin do?

A

it deforms or changes a receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what does this deformity do?

A

alters the ionic permeability of the receptor creating generator potentials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

define sensation?

A

is the process initiated by stimuli acting on sensory receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how can mechanical energy be differentiated?

A

stimulus frequency
stimulus pressure
receptive field

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

name the types of mechanoreceptors

A 
pacinian
meissner's corpuscle
ruffini
merkel's disk
hair follicle receptor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the pacinian corpuscle are…

A

sensitive to vibration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

where is the pacinian corpuscle located?

A

between the dermal and hypodermal

subcutaneous tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

T/F:the pacinian corpuscle can be associated with joints

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Meissner’s corpuscle are located in

A

dermal papillae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Meissner’s corpuscle are sensitive to what?

A

vibrations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where are Ruffini’s located?

A

in the dermis of the skin

primarily the fingers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what doe Merkel’s disks tell?

A

light pressure and tactile discrimination

superficial pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

where are Merkel’s disks located?

A

in basal layer of epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Hair follicle receptors respond to

A

very slight bending of the hair and are involved in light touch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Nociceptors are what kind of nerve endings?
free, unmyelinated nerve endings
26
what do nociceptors tell you?
signal that body tissue is being damaged
27
where can nociceptors be found?
in most tissues but not the brain
28
what are the 3 types of damage detected?
mechanical thermal chemical
29
mechanical refers to
strong pressure (sharp objects)
30
thermal refers to
active when tissues begin to be destroyed
31
chemical refers to
environmental agents or those from tissues itself
32
thermoreceptors tightly regulates _______
the brain
33
at what temperature?
37C
34
brain function changes...
above and below that temperature
35
____________in our skin that can perceive changes in temperature as small as 0.01 C
Specialized receptors
36
warm begin firing at
30C up to 45C
37
cold begin firing at
35C to 10C
38
which receptors are more numerous in any given area of skin.
cold receptors
39
proprioceptors are involved with
body position
40
describe what it is looking at regarding body position
where the body is direction of movement speed of movement
41
where can these proprioceptors be found?
in the skeletal muscles
42
name the 2 kinds of mechanosensitive proprioceptors
muscle spindles | golgi tendon organs
43
the muscle spindles consist of
specialized intrafusal muscle fibers distributed among ordinary muscle fibers detect changes in muscle length
44
the golgi tendon organs are distributed...
among collagen fibers in tendons and detects changes in muscle tension
45
how many spinal segments are there?
30
46
what do they consist of?
paired dorsal and ventral roots
47
spinal segments are divided into 4 groups:
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral
48
cervical:
C1-C8
49
thoracic:
T1-T12
50
lumbar:
L1-L5
51
sacral:
S1-S5
52
cervical controls mainly
head,shoulders,neck, and fingers
53
thoracic controls mainly
chest and back
54
lumbar mainly controls
umbilical and down | front of legs
55
sacral mainly controls
back of leg
56
____ and ______ are related
segmented organization of the spinal nerve | sensory innervation of skin
57
define dermatome
area of skin innervated by the dorsal roots of a single spinal segment
58
where can you find cervical dermatomes?
above sternum
59
where can you find thoracic dermatomes?
top of sternum to waist
60
where are lumbar dermatomes?
front of legs and stomach
61
where can sacral dermatomes?
back of legs and genitals
62
name the 2 basic systems of somatic sensory pathwayd
1. pain and temperature | 2. touch and proprioception
63
which pathway is for touch and proprioception
Dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway
64
which pathway is for pain and temperature
Spinothalamic pathway
65
In the DCML pathway information ascends...
through the dorsal column on the ipsilateral side of the spinal cord
66
where is the synapse?
in the medulla
67
then the signal crosses
over and ascends via the medial lemniscus to the thalamus
68
then where does it synapse?
in VP thalamus
69
where does it project to
the cortex
70
in the ST pathway, information crosses to the...
contralateral side in the spinal cord
71
then it ascends via what?
spinothalamic tract
72
it later synapses at
the thalamus (VP)
73
it later projects to the
cortex
74
Information carried in each pathway remains...
separate
75
up to how?
to the cortex
76
the ventral posterior (VP) or thalamus nucleus receives...
the information and projects to the somatosensory cortex
77
if you injure the spinal pathway of one side, you will lose...
pain and temperature of opposite side
78
_____________________ receives simple segregated streams of sensory information
primary somatosensory cortex
79
where does the integration take place?
in the posterior parietal cortex
80
define hyperalgesia
tissue already damaged is much more sensitive to pain
81
how are nociceptors sensitized?
by various substances released by damaged tissue
82
how can pain be modified?
by non-painful sensory input | and endorphins
83
define somatotopy
mapping of the body's surface sensations onto a brain structure
84
how is the size of the area related?
to the importance of the sensory input (finger tip versus elbow)

Anatomy Final (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions