Urinary System

Question 1

name the functions of urinary sysem

Answer 1

filtration
secretion
regulate chemical makeup of blood
gluconeogenesis
regulate BP
RBC production
metabolize vitamin D to its active form
urine storage and transport

Question 2

what does it filtrate?

Answer 2

toxins
wastes
excess ions

Question 3

how does urinary system regulate BP?

Answer 3

renin

Question 4

RBC formation can also be called

Answer 4

erythropoietin

Question 5

urine storage and transport is done by

Answer 5

bladder
ureters
urethra

Question 6

the renals are located at

Answer 6

T12-L3

Question 7

right renal is ___ than the left

Answer 7

lower

Question 8

_________ is on superior surface of kidney

Answer 8

adrenal gland

Question 9

name the support tissues of kidney

Answer 9

renal capsule
adipose capsule
renal fascia

Question 10

the renal capsule prevents

Answer 10

invasive infection

Question 11

the adipose capsule does what?

Answer 11

protects and anchors

Question 12

the renal fascia does what?

Answer 12

anchors kidney

Question 13

the renal fascia is made up of

Answer 13

dense connective tissue

Question 14

name the 3 regions of kindey

Answer 14

cortex
medulla
pelvis

Question 15

the ____ is the superficial layer of kidney

Answer 15

cortex

Question 16

the cortex makes up the

Answer 16

renal columns

Question 17

the renal columns do what?

Answer 17

separate medullary pyamids

Question 18

the medulla is ____ to cortex

Answer 18

deep

Question 19

the medullary contains

Answer 19

medullary pyramids

Question 20

the medulla pyramids have

Answer 20

parallel bundles of urine collecting tubules

Question 21

the apex of medullary pyramid faces

Answer 21

internally towards pelvis

Question 22

the pelvis is the

Answer 22

tube continuous with ureter

Question 23

the minor calyx go towards

Answer 23

major calyx

Question 24

the nephrons functions in

Answer 24

blood processing

collecting ducts

Question 25

name the 2 types of mephrons

Answer 25

cortical | juxtamedullary

Question 26

the cortical nephron is located primarily in

Answer 26

cortex

Question 27

the juxtamedullary is located

Answer 27

near cortex and medulla border

Question 28

which nephron produce concentrated urine

Answer 28

juxtamedullary

Question 29

the juxtamedullary nephron loop of Henle invades

Answer 29

medulla

Question 30

the renal capsule is made up of

Answer 30

glomerulus | Bowman's capsule

Question 31

the glomerulus contains

Answer 31

capillaries and fenestrated endothelium

Question 32

PCT stands for

Answer 32

proximal convoluted tubule

Question 33

what does the PCT do?

Answer 33

reabsorbs water and solutes from filtrate and secretes substance into filtrate

Question 34

the loop of henle is made up of

Answer 34

``` descending limb (thin) ascending limb (thick) ```

Question 35

the DCT stands for

Answer 35

distal convoluted tubule

Question 36

what does DCT do?

Answer 36

secretion primarily

Question 37

the collecting ducts receives

Answer 37

filtrate from nephrons

Question 38

afferent arterioles run throughout

Answer 38

renal cortex

Question 39

afferent arterioles force

Answer 39

fluids and solutes out of blood

Question 40

peritubular capillaries do what?

Answer 40

reabsorb solutes and water

Question 41

efferent arterioles do what?

Answer 41

exit glomerulus

Question 42

DCT lies against the

Answer 42

afferent arteriole

Question 43

the JGA is a ___

Answer 43

mechanoreceptor

Question 44

the JGA secretes

Answer 44

renin

Question 45

the macula densa consist of

Answer 45

DCT cells | osmoreceptors

Question 46

the macula densa respond to

Answer 46

changes in solute concentration

Question 47

podocytes of Bowman's capsule surround

Answer 47

capillaries

Question 48

filtration slits between the podocytes allow

Answer 48

fluid to pass into Bowman's capsule

Question 49

surrounding the endothelial cells is the

Answer 49

basement membrane

Question 50

T/F glomerular filtration is passive and non-selective

Answer 50

true

Question 51

____ forces fluid through glomerulus

Answer 51

hydrostatic pressure

Question 52

Factors affecting GFR(glomerular filtration rate)

Answer 52

surface area available for filtration membrane permeability net filtration pressure

Question 53

Increasing systemic BP causes afferent arterioles

Answer 53

to constrict

Question 54

what happens in thick loop of henle

Answer 54

active transport of solute out of loop Na+ Cl- K+

Question 55

the Dct mostly

Answer 55

has diffusion of water

Question 56

the descending loop of henle only does

Answer 56

diffusion of water | and is impermeable to solutes

Question 57

the ascending loop of Henle is

Answer 57

impermeable to water