sports

Question 1

ben Johnson (Canadian athlete)

Answer 1

most responsible for change of attitude

won premiere gold but lost it because he tested positive in enhancive substances

Question 2

johnson’s drug invented by

Answer 2

John Manson - stanozolol patent

Question 3

when was adrenaline used as a drug?

Answer 3

1901

Question 4

why was adrenaline not ideal?

Answer 4

short duration of action and required iv injection

Question 5

what is amphetamine?

Answer 5

used for cold symptoms and a good decongestant

Question 6

what was used in wars

Answer 6

methamphetamine and pervitin

Question 7

when did olympics restrict drug use and when was first testing done?

Answer 7

1967 in 1968 grenlobe

Question 8

why were the banned?

Answer 8

because it was harmful to the athlete

Question 9

who injected themselves with bull testicle

Answer 9

fritz pregl & Oskar zoth

Question 10

how did the first isolation of the male sex hormone

Answer 10

40 kg of bull testicle to a 20 mg of male sex hornmone

Question 11

what was the semi-synthesis in 1935

Answer 11

cholesterol to testosterone

Question 12

what was inmate rehab

Answer 12

starving to death

Question 13

what first used testoresone

Answer 13

horse races

Question 14

what was the first human use of testosterone

Answer 14

soviet athletes in 1950s

Question 15

what did testosterone do?

Answer 15

improved strength and build up muscle

Question 16

what are the effects of extra testosterone?

Answer 16

anabolic: reduce side effects and for wasted conditions

androgenic: body facial hair, deeper voice, heavy brow, acne, etsticle shrinkage, clitoral enlargement, increase sex drive

Question 17

what was the process of steroid testing?

Answer 17

Manfred hopper ruined it and changed the system in East Germans and banned in 1977

Question 18

what was the doping lab in east germany

Answer 18

used Gas chromatograph and mass spectrometer

measures T to E ratio

Question 19

what is Gas chromatograph ?

Answer 19

sorts molecules based on speed and time: mixture is passed thru a tube with a sticky substance (measures amounts)

Question 20

what is mass spectrometer?

Answer 20

throws molecules in a magnetic flied and molecules fall apart and obtains a fingerprint (used to identify compounds)

Question 21

what is the masking agent for steroid testing?

Answer 21

masks the presence of extra testosterone by injecting epitestosterone

Question 22

how did they interfere with testing

Answer 22

adds detergent to alcohol to pee

urine switching

Question 23

plants and animals have diff amounts of 13 C??

Answer 23

true

Question 24

effects of steroids?

Answer 24

doesn’t build muscle (only helps build withe exercise)

liver damage, heart damage, reproductive effects

Question 25

what are anabolic steroids

Answer 25

speed recovery and speed training

Question 26

why are effects are difficult to measure

Answer 26

athletes vary doses, mix steroids, take large doses and keep their methods secret

Question 27

what are designer steroids

Answer 27

designed to avoid detection and no testing done

Question 28

what is tetrahydragestrinone

Answer 28

"the clear" and undetectable before 2002

Question 29

when are steroids safe>

Answer 29

used properly under medical supervision and limited dosing

Question 30

desire to win makes athletes??

Answer 30

push the limits

Question 31

what do red blood cells do?

Answer 31

only carry oxygen and made in bone marrow

Question 32

what is blood doping

Answer 32

removes blood from athlete and concentrates red blood cells and store them as the athlete's body replaces them during 3 months before the comp athletes now have improved o2 capacity

Question 33

when was blood doping used

Answer 33

ed burke = usci in 1983 Danny van haute = olympic trials 1984 us cycling banned doping 1985

Question 34

why is EPO (protein) used instead of a transfusion?

Answer 34

helps patient make their own blood

Question 35

why are blood transfusions important in medicine?

Answer 35

risk of infection and rejection

Question 36

why are animals not an ideal protein source

Answer 36

supply is limited and not human proteins (don't work as well in humans - possibility of rejection) and small risk of contamination

Question 37

why are cadavers not ideal source for human proteins

Answer 37

poor drug source

Question 38

what is recombinant protein

Answer 38

males human protein from bacteria and yeast

Question 39

how is human protein made

Answer 39

in bacteria/yeast, inserts human gene in a bacteria, removes it from chromosome and inserts in plasmid then genetic engineering

Question 40

what is better than animal protein and why

Answer 40

recombinant protein because is human, safe and make large quantities

Question 41

recombinant EPO is one of the best drugs in the last ???

Answer 41

30 years

Question 42

testing EPO was impossible

Answer 42

true and can detect using antibodies and is easy to hide

Question 43

what is the ON model ?

Answer 43

detects recent use (hemogoblin, EPO, soluble transferrin receptor)

Question 44

what is OFF model

Answer 44

detects longer term use (2-3 weeks) (hemoglobin, reticulocytes, EPO)