STDs Flashcards
(33 cards)
What type of agent is T. palladium?
G-, obligate intracellular spirochete
T. Pallidum is sensitive to
oxygen
T. Pallidum is rapidly inactivated by
mild heat, cold, desiccation and most disinfectants
Describe primary syphilis
Highly infectious stage.
Single chancre, round, painless and hard sore where bacteria entered. Heals in 3-10 days
Where do chancres appear during secondary syphilis?
In areas that are warm and moist
What is the most common manifestation in secondary syphilis?
Disseminated mucocutaneous rash that appear as “Snail track” ulcers on lateral borders of tongue and buccal mucosa
In secondary symphilis, about 10% of patients develop large and highly infectious
condylomata lata in warm and moist areas, including the perineum and anus
What are variable systemic symptoms in secondary syphilis?
Sore throat, muscle aches, malaise, weight loss and generalized nontender lymphadenopathy
What is gumma that happens at third stage of syphilis?
Soft, non-cancerous tumor like growth that affects skin and bones.
What is Neurosyphilis from third stage of syphilis?
Neurological complications that may manifest within 5-10years.
Vertigo, insomnia, personality changes, loss of consciousness and seizures
Syphilis may progress to
meningovascular syphilic, aortic aneurysm and other cardiovascular complications
What are manifestations of infants infected with syphilis?
- Hutchinson teeth
- Pulmonary hemorrhage
- Cluttons joint
- Interstitial keratitis
- Deafness
- Saddle nose and saber shins
- Persistent rhinitis with white discharge
What is Cluttons joint?
Asymmetrical joints- can lead to pain and lack of movement of the upper and lower extremities
T. pallidum is known colloquially as the
stealth pathogen
T. pallidum has a denuded outer membrane comprising mainly of
nonimmunogentic transmembrane proteins
The immunogenic molecule, TprK, has seven discrete variants – Antibody-binding is
evaded by switching to a new TprK variant. This variation also allows
re-infection
Diagnosis of syphilis involves detection of
live treponema pallidum through sample from pus or secretion
What is a non-specific blood test for syphilis immunity?
VDRL screens or RPR
What are specific syphilis blood tests?
FTA-ABS, TPHA, TP-PA or ICT
How is an early stage syphilis treated?
Benzathine penicillin injection
What are second line treatments for early stage syphilis?
Doxycycline, ceftriaxone or azithromycin
What type of agent is N. gonorrhoeae?
G- diplococci kidney bean shaped
Facultative intracellular
Where do N. gonorrhoeae colonize?
Mucous surfaces and replicate in columnar epi cells in urethra, endocervix, anal canal and pharynx
Describe disseminated gonococcal infections (DGI)
Bacteremia may occur with production of cutaneous lesions, arthritis and rarely endocarditis or meningitis
