STEP 2: PEDS: CHILD DEVELOPMENT Flashcards
(62 cards)
What are the general fields of developement?
gross motor, fine motor, language, social/cognitivie
Delay in how many fields of developemnt constitutes a global developmental delay?
2 fields
Primitive reflexes in kiddos indicates________________ while in adults it indicates___________________
Kiddos: impaired brain development and in adults a frontal lobe lesion
What percentile do we consider head circumferance to be ‘macrocephalic’
97th+
What percentile do we consider head circumferance to be ‘microcephalic’
3rd-
What are our major causes of macrocephaly?
Hydrocephalus or tumor
What are our major causes of microcephaly?
Fetal alcohol syndrome, TORCH
What is our rule of thumb for weight gain in a neonate through 2 years of age?
Infants may LOSE 5-10% of their BW in first days of life but regain by 14 days, Infants DOUBLE their BW by 4-5 months, tiple it by 1 year, and quadruple it by 2 years
At this age, an infant should be able to hold their head up when prone
2 months
At this age, an infant should be able to sit unassisted
6 months
Crawls, cruises, pulls to stand
9-11 months
What fine motor skills do infants develop at 9-11 months
immature (3 finger) pincer grasp
What fine motor skills do infants develop at 12 months?
mature (2 finger) pincer grasp
When should an infant be able to build a tower of 2-4 cubes? What about 6?
2-4 at 18 months and 6 at 2 years
When should an infant be able to throw a ball?
12 months
When do infants start saying mama/dada?
9-11 months, actual first words may be at 11 months
Uses 1-3 words and can follow one step commands
12 months
Speech is 75% intelligible
3 years
speech 50% intelligible
2 years
This variant of normal growth is characterized by a child who often lags behind the growth curve but CONSISTENTLY lags and bone age is delayed compared to chronological age
Constitutional growth delay
This variant of normal growth is characterized by a child whose growth curve shows low to normal height velocity and bone age = chronological age. Puberty is NOT delayed. Adult height remains low
Familial short stature
Persistent weight for age and or length for age that is less than 5th percentule or crosses 2 major percentiles on a growth chart
Failure to thrive
What are organic etiologies for FTT?
CF, congential heart disease, milk protein allergy, chronic infxn (HIV), hypothyroid, GERD
What are non-organic etiologies for FTT?
low milk supply, inaccurate formula mixing, ppd, neglect, abuse