STI's Flashcards
(45 cards)
What is the most commonly reported STI
Chlamydia
What percentage of people with chlamydia are asymptomatic
70 percent of women
50 percent of men
What organism causes chlamydia
gram negative chlamydia trachomatis bacteria
Which age group has the highest incidence of chlamydia infection
20-24 year olds
What percentage of women with chlamydia develop Pelvic inflammatory disease
9 percent
What other conditions does PID put a woman at risk of
10 times more likely to have a ectopic pregnancy
15-20 percent increased risk of tubal factor infertillity
How may a symptomatic woman present with chlamydia infection
post coital or intermenstrual bleeding
lower abdo pain
dyspareunia
mucopurulent cervicitis
How can a man present with chlamydia
urethral discharge
dysuria
urethritis
epididymo-orchitis
What are the main complications of chlamydia infection
PID
tubal damage
chronic pelvic pain
neonatal transmission
conjunctivitis
SARA/reiter’s syndrome - more common in men
Perihepatitis (Fitz-Hugh-CUrtis syndrome)
What is the diagnostic test of choice for chlamydia
NAAT - nucleic acid amplification test
How should chlamydia be tested for
two weeks after possible exposure
females- vulvovaginal swab
men- first void urine
MSM- rectal swab also if receptive anal intercourse
How is chlamydia treated?
Azithromycin 1g single dose
Or Doxycycline 100mg BD for one week
No need to retest to ensure infection has cleared
What causes gonorrhoea and what are the common infection sites
gram negative intracellular diplococcus
Mucous membranes- urethra, endocervix, rectum and pharynx
How long is the incubation period of gonorrhoea infection in a man in the urethra
2-5 days
What is the risk of transmission of gonorrhoea between an uninfected and infected individual
20 percent risk from infected woman to male partner
50-90 percent risk from infected man to female partner
How does gonorrhoea present in males
Asymptomatic in less than 10 percent of cases
Urethral discharge in 80 percent
Dysuria
pharyngeal/rectal infections usually asymptomatic
how can gonorrhoea present in females
asymptomatic in up to 50 percent
increase/altered vaginal discharge (40 percent)
dysuria
pervic pain
pharyngeal and rectal infection usually asymptomatic
how is gonorrhoea diagnosed
Microscopy - urethral and endocervical swab
Culture- male urethra, femal endocervic
NAATs
How is gonorrhoea treated
1st line - ceftriaxone 500mg IM
Second line- Cefixime 400mg oral
Co treat with azithromycin 1g
Test cured in all patients
What organism causes syphilis?
treponema pallidum
How is syphilis usually transmitted?
sexual contact trans placental/during birth blood transfusions non sexual contact- health care workers It may be congenital or acquired
what are the stages of acquired syphilis infection
Early infections - primary, secondary, early latent
Late non- infectious - late latent, tertiary
how long is the incubation period for primary syphillus
9-90 days (mean is 21)
what are the features of primary syphilis
Lesion is traditionally known as a primary chancre (painless)
Lesions appear at the site of inoculation
Sites are genital in 90 percent of cases
non tender local lymphadenopathy`
